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1、閱讀理解專題特訓(xùn)16 　能力升級訓(xùn)練第26頁　? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A (2016·全國Ⅲ卷,C) If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what’s around.It’s called Apple Day but in practice it’s more like Apple Month.The day itself is on October 21,but since it has ca

2、ught on,events now spread out over most of October around Britain. Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see,and often taste,a wide variety of apples.To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets,it can be quite an eye opener to

3、 see the range of classical apples still in existence,such as Decio which was grown by the Romans.Although it doesn’t taste of anything special,it’s still worth a try,as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat’s Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else. There are also varieties developed to suit speci

4、fic local conditions.One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette,but you’ll need a warm,sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it,so it’s a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.? At the events,you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit

5、 your conditions,and because these are family affairs,children are well catered for with apple-themed fun and games. Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit,including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果園).If you want to have a real orchard experience,try vis

6、iting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale,near Faversham in Kent. 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了蘋果節(jié)舉辦的時(shí)間、項(xiàng)目及地點(diǎn)。重點(diǎn)提到蘋果節(jié)上種類豐富的蘋果品種和有關(guān)蘋果種植的相關(guān)知識,特別指出可以與蘋果種植專家進(jìn)行討論等。再加上孩子們喜歡的以蘋果為主題的趣味游戲,可以說,對于那些對蘋果及蘋果種植感興趣的人極具吸引力。 1.Whatcanpeopledoattheappleevents? A.Attendexperts’lectures. B.Visitfruit-lovingfamilies.

7、 C.Plantfruittreesinanorchard. D.Tastemanykindsofapples. 答案:D 解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段第一句“Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetosee,andoftentaste,awidevarietyofapples.”可知,在蘋果節(jié)的活動(dòng)中,人們可以品嘗到各種蘋果。故選D項(xiàng)。 2.What can we learn about Decio? A.It is a new variety.　　　　　 B.It has a strange look. C.It is rarely seen now

8、. D.It has a special taste. 答案:C 解析:推理判斷題。由第二段第二句中的“...itcanbequiteaneyeopenertoseetherangeofclassicalapplesstillinexistence,suchasDeciowhichwasgrownbytheRomans.”可推知,Decio是以前由羅馬人種植的一種蘋果,現(xiàn)在的人們能夠看到這種蘋果就算是大開眼界了。由此推知現(xiàn)在Decio蘋果非常罕見。故選C項(xiàng)。 3.What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 m

9、ean? A.A practical idea. B.A vain hope. C.A brilliant plan. D.A selfish desire. 答案:B 解析:詞義猜測題。由第三段第二句可知,OrleansReinette果品上佳,但是對溫度、環(huán)境、土壤的要求很高,因此,對大多數(shù)喜歡種植該蘋果的愛好者來說是apipedream(白日夢)。 4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A.To show how to grow apples. B.To introduce an apple festiva

10、l. C.To help people select apples. D.To promote apple research. 答案:B 解析:寫作意圖題。通讀全篇可知,文章主要介紹了一個(gè)關(guān)于蘋果的節(jié)日——蘋果節(jié)。故選B項(xiàng)。 B (2016·全國Ⅲ卷,D) Bad news sells.If it bleeds,it leads.No news is good news,and good news is no news.Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.Bu

11、t now that information is being spread and monitored(監(jiān)控) in different ways,researchers are discovering new rules.By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts,scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories. “The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass m

12、edia,” says Jonah Berger,a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania.“They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling.But when you share a story with your friends,you care a lot more how they react.You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.” Researchers analyzing word-of-mout

13、h communication—e-mails,Web posts and reviews,face-to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative(消極的),but that didn’t necessarily mean people preferred positive news.Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things?

14、To test for that possibility,Dr.Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories:thousands of articles on The New York Times’ website.He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months.One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were mu

15、ch more likely to make the list than non-science articles.He found that science amazed Times’ readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others. Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny,or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety,but not art

16、icles that left them merely sad.They needed to be aroused(激發(fā)) one way or the other,and they preferred good news to bad.The more positive an article,the more likely it was to be shared,as Dr.Berger explains in his new book,“Contagious:Why Things Catch On.” 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇議論文。俗話說,好事不出門,壞事傳千里。但是研究者們通過跟蹤和監(jiān)

17、控人們的電子郵件、網(wǎng)絡(luò)帖子及評論、面對面會(huì)話等發(fā)現(xiàn),人與人之間更多分享的是那些給人們帶來積極情緒的好消息,而不是導(dǎo)致消極情緒的壞消息。 1.Whatdotheclassicrulesmentionedinthetextapplyto? A.Newsreports. B.Researchpapers. C.Privatee-mails. D.Dailyconversations. 答案:A 解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段前四句可知,這些經(jīng)典的規(guī)則主要應(yīng)用于eveningbroadcasts和morningpapers,由此推出,這些規(guī)則常用于新聞報(bào)道中。故選A項(xiàng)。 2.What can

18、we infer about people like Debbie Downer? A.They’re socially inactive. B.They’re good at telling stories. C.They’re inconsiderate of others. D.They’re careful with their words. 答案:C 解析:推理判斷題。由第二段JonahBerger所說的“Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdon’twantthemt

19、othinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.”可知,當(dāng)你和朋友們分享故事時(shí),你更在乎他們的反應(yīng),你不希望他們認(rèn)為你是一個(gè)不考慮別人感受的人。故選C項(xiàng)。 3.Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr.Berger’s research? A.Sports news. B.Science articles. C.Personal accounts. D.Financial reviews. 答案:B 解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段最后兩句可知,人們分享最多的文章是那些關(guān)于科學(xué)欄目的文章。故選B項(xiàng)。 4.What c

20、an be a suitable title for the text? A.Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide B.Online News Attracts More People C.Reading Habits Change with the Times D.Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks 答案:D 解析:主旨大意題。通過第一段最后一句引出話題,以及最后一段的概括總結(jié)可知,在社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,人們更愿意分享的是傳遞積極情緒的好消息。故選D項(xiàng)。 C I hadn’t walked across our ol

21、d farm in the past fifteen years.Yet the memories came flooding back.Rain or shine,I used to walk this path each day to see Greta.She always made me smile,even after my sister and I had just had a big quarrel.I would help Greta with her chores(家務(wù)活).Then we would taste her delicious home-made chocola

22、te cookies and ice cream.Staying in a wheelchair didn’t stop Greta from being an outstanding cook. Greta gave me two of the greatest gifts I’ve ever received.First,she taught me how to read.She also taught me that when I forgave my sister for our quarrels,it meant I wouldn’t keep feeling like a vic

23、tim.Instead,I would feel sunny. Mr.Dinking,the local banker,tried to take away Greta’s house and land after her husband passed away.Thanks to Papa and Uncle Johan,Greta got to keep everything. Soon folks were coming from miles around to buy Greta’s home-made cookies and ice cream.Greta even had me

24、 take a big apple pie to Mr.Dinking who later became one of her best customers and friends.That’s just how Greta was.She could turn anyone into a friend! Greta always said,“Dear,keep walking in the sunshine!” No matter how terrible my day started,I always felt sunny walking home from Greta’s house—

25、even beneath the winter starlight. I arrived at Greta’s house today just after sunset.An ambulance had stopped a few feet from her door.When I ran into the old house,Greta recognized me right away. She was almost out of breath when she reached out and softly touched my arm.Her last words to me wer

26、e,“Dear,keep walking in the sunshine!” I’m sure that Greta is walking in the brightest sunshine she’s ever seen. 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文?；氐搅碎焺e15年的農(nóng)場,作者想起了一位故人Greta。Greta不僅教會(huì)了作者閱讀,而且還教會(huì)了作者寬恕別人。 1.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat　　　.? A.theauthoralwaysquarreledwithhissister B.Gretaoftenaskedtheauthortohelphe

27、rwithherchores C.GretawastiredofMr.Dinking’stakingawayherhouse D.theauthorhadasenseofhappinessstayinginGreta’shouse 答案:D 解析:推理判斷題。A項(xiàng)中的always在文中并未提及,故被排除;第一段提到了“我愿意幫助Greta做家務(wù)活”,但沒提及Greta經(jīng)常請作者幫她做家務(wù),故排除B項(xiàng);C項(xiàng)中的“...wastiredof...”未被提及,故排除C項(xiàng);根據(jù)第五段的“Nomatterhowterriblemydaystarted,Ialwaysfeltsunnywalkin

28、ghomefromGreta’shouse—evenbeneaththewinterstarlight.”可知作者在Greta家有一種快樂的感覺,故答案為D項(xiàng)。 2.What made Greta work out her problem when her husband passed away? A.The author’s help and the folks’ support. B.The author’s papa and Uncle Johan’s help as well as her attitude to people. C.Mrs.Greta’s delicious

29、home-made chocolate cookies and ice cream. D.Mrs.Greta’s brave fighting for her house and land. 答案:B 解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“ThankstoPapaandUncleJohan,Gretagottokeepeverything.”以及第四段的描述可知答案為B項(xiàng)。 3.From the fact that Greta had me take a big apple pie to Mr.Dinking,we can infer Greta was a 　　　woman.? A.to

30、lerant B.talented C.helpful D.warm-hearted 答案:A 解析:推理判斷題。第三段介紹了在Greta的丈夫去世之后,當(dāng)?shù)氐你y行家Dinking先生曾經(jīng)要沒收她的房子和土地。第四段中Greta又讓作者給Dinking先生送去一張大的蘋果派。從中可推斷出Greta是一個(gè)寬容的(tolerant)女人,故答案為A項(xiàng)。 4.What’s the best title of the passage? A.Always help those who are in need B.Never quarrel with a little girl C.

31、Keep walking in the sunshine D.A friend in need is a friend indeed 答案:C 解析:主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其是倒數(shù)第二段中Greta臨終前告訴作者的話及最后一段可知C項(xiàng)最符合本文主題。 D (2019·北京卷,B) Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(創(chuàng)業(yè)者),who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy.By the time she was 13,her company was worth millions of doll

32、ars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids’ teeth,instead of destroying them. It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad.On the outing,she was offered a candy bar.However,her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth.But Moore was sick of missing

33、out on candies.So she desired to get round the warning,“Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to it?” With that in mind,Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company.He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about

34、 what a healthier candy would contain. With her dad’s permission,she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly.She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning.Consequently,she succeeded in making a kind o

35、f candy only using natural sweeteners,which can reduce oral bacteria. Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground.Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore’s product—CanCandy. As CanCandy’s succ

36、ess grows,so does Moore’s credibility as a young entrepreneur.Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created,and she’s also positive about what the future might bring.She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile. Meanwhile,with her parents’ help,Moore is generally able to li

37、ve a normal teenage life.Although she founded her company early on in life,she wasn’t driven primarily by profit.Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles.She donates 10% of AilieCandy’s profits to Big Smiles.With her talent and determination,it appears that the sky could

38、 be the limit for Alice Moore. 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。愛麗絲·摩爾是一個(gè)青少年創(chuàng)業(yè)者,她在2015年建立了自己的公司,之后她致力于幫助其他人開心快樂地生活。 1.How did Moore react to her dad’s warning? A.She argued with him. B.She tried to find a way out. C.She paid no attention. D.She chose to consult dentists. 答案:B 解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第五句“Soshedesiredtoge

39、troundthewarning,‘Whycan’tImakeahealthycandy...’”可知,摩爾想找到一種兩全其美的方法。故選B項(xiàng)。 2.What is special about CanCandy? A.It is beneficial to dental health. B.It is free of sweeteners. C.It is sweeter than other candies. D.It is produced to a dentists’ recipe. 答案:A 解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Withherdad’spermiss

40、ion,shespent...togetarecipethatwasbothtastyandtooth-friendly.”可知,她所建立的公司生產(chǎn)的糖對孩子們的牙齒有好處。故選A項(xiàng)。 3.What does Moore expect from her business? A.To earn more money. B.To help others find smiles. C.To make herself stand out. D.To beat other candy companies. 答案:B 解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的第三句“Moorewantstouse

41、heruniquetalenttohelpothersfindtheirsmiles.”可知,摩爾想利用自己的技能幫助其他人找到微笑。故選B項(xiàng)。 4.What can we learn from Alice Moore’s story? A.Fame is a great thirst of the young. B.A youth is to be regarded with respect. C.Positive thinking and action result in success. D.Success means getting personal desires sa

42、tisfied. 答案:C 解析:推理判斷題。通讀全文可知,摩爾的成功源于她積極的想法和行動(dòng)。故選C項(xiàng)。 E HowtoLoveYourParents Even if you think that your parents are mean-spirited at times,loving your parents is a normal and fulfilling part of life.You love them for the fact that they created you,raised you,and are in part a source of who you

43、are.Here are some ways to love your parents. 　1　A gentle “good morning” and “I love you” will warm a coldest heart.Remember that they brought you into this world.Without your parents,you might still wander at an unknown corner in an unknown world.? Respect them more and cherish these moments.You c

44、an use these moments to learn from them when you’re off on your own.It’s OK to get angry but angry actions don’t help you or your parents.Act calmly,cool off,write down your feelings,or talk to a friend.　2　Obey their requests.It will make your attitude better and earn you more respect from them.It m

45、ay seem like you are going through hell when you don’t get what you want or you have to clean.However,you had better remember they keep a roof over your head when it’s cold,raining,snowing,or too hot.Understand that parents are human beings and make mistakes.　3　 Since you can forgive your friends,wh

46、y not forgive your parents?? Keep company with them.Do things with your parents like watching TV,or go somewhere with them.Listen to their old stories and learn from them.　4　 You will find they are your teachers in this way or another.? Some people simply may not be able to love their parents.　5　S

47、eek help if you are being abused(虐待) in any way.Parents do not have a right to harm you.? A.Forgiveness is the key. B.Tell them you love them every morning. C.Parents will in turn express their love to you. D.After this,share your feelings with your parents. E.Anyway,spend as much time with the

48、m as you can. F.Please remember parents are as important as friends. G.There can be realistic reasons for this,family violence for example. 答案與解析: 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些愛父母的方法。我們要愛自己的父母,因?yàn)槭撬麄冑x予了我們生命,養(yǎng)育了我們。 1.B　根據(jù)空后的“Agentle‘goodmorning’and‘Iloveyou’willwarmacoldestheart.”與B項(xiàng)“Tellthemyouloveth

49、emeverymorning.”中的關(guān)鍵詞morning可知答案為B項(xiàng)。 2.D　根據(jù)空前的“It’sOKtogetangrybutangryactionsdon’thelpyouoryourparents.Actcalmly,cooloff,writedownyourfeelings,ortalktoafriend.”(生氣沒有關(guān)系,但是生氣幫不了你或者你的父母。冷靜下來,消消氣,寫下你的感受或者和朋友聊聊。)可知,下面講的內(nèi)容還是關(guān)于生氣后該做的事情,瀏覽七個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以發(fā)現(xiàn),只有D項(xiàng)“Afterthis,shareyourfeelingswithyourparents.”符合段落內(nèi)容。故選

50、D項(xiàng)。 3.A　根據(jù)上下文“Understandthatparentsarehumanbeingsandmakemistakes...Sinceyoucanforgiveyourfriends,whynotforgiveyourparents?”要理解父母都是普通的人,都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤。既然你可以原諒你的朋友們,為什么不能諒解你的父母呢?所以中間一句應(yīng)該也是關(guān)于“理解和原諒”的,只有A項(xiàng)“Forgivenessisthekey.”符合要求。故選A項(xiàng)。 4.E　根據(jù)前文“Keepcompanywiththem.DothingswithyourparentslikewatchingTV,orgoso

51、mewherewiththem.Listentotheiroldstoriesandlearnfromthem.”(陪伴著他們。和你的父母一起做一些事情,例如看電視,或者和他們一起去一些地方。聽聽他們的老故事,從中學(xué)習(xí)一些東西。)可知,這一段主要講花時(shí)間陪伴父母。瀏覽選項(xiàng),E項(xiàng)“Anyway,spendasmuchtimewiththemasyoucan.”符合文章語境。故選E項(xiàng)。 5.G　根據(jù)本段“Somepeoplesimplymaynotbeabletolovetheirparents.　5　Seekhelpifyouarebeingabusedinanyway.Parentsdonothavearighttoharmyou.”(有些人不能夠愛他們的父母。　　　如果你在某些方面被他們虐待,你要尋求幫助。父母沒有權(quán)利傷害你。)可知,有些人不能愛他們的父母的原因可能是被虐待。所以中間應(yīng)該填“這可能有一些原因”。瀏覽選項(xiàng),G項(xiàng)“Therecanberealisticreasonsforthis,familyviolenceforexample.”符合文章語境,故選G項(xiàng)。? - 11 -