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1、Unit 4 Earthquakes 三言 兩語 1．Now more and more people become aware that those disasters have much to do with what we have done to the earth. 2．Because of/As a result of/Thanks to the help of the army, people who got injured were sent to the hospital immediately. 3．In the meantime, people nation

2、wide are taking an active part in raising funds for the disaster area/ people nationwide are actively donating money to the disaster area. 1．盡管如此，政府還是號召全國支持被這次最嚴重的大災難襲擊的地區(qū)。 In spite of this, the government called on the whole nation to support the area hit by the worst disaster． 2．此外，市政府及時采取各種緊急的

3、措施解救被雪災困住的群眾，確保一切盡快恢復正常。 Besides, the city government took all kinds of urgent measures to rescue the people trapped in the snowstorm to ensure that everything would return to normal as soon as possible. [單詞　拼寫應用] 核 心 單 詞 1．burst vi.爆裂； 爆發(fā) n．突然破裂； 爆發(fā) 2．disaster n．災難； 災禍 3．rescue n．& vt.援

4、救； 營救 4．bury vt.埋葬； 掩埋； 隱藏 5．destroy vt.破壞； 毀壞； 消滅 6．damage n．& vt.損失； 損害 7．ruin n．廢墟； 毀滅 vt.毀滅； 使破產(chǎn) 8．trap vt.使陷入困境 n．陷阱； 困境 9．electricity n．電； 電流； 電學 10．sincerely adv.真誠地；真摯地 [語境運用]　用所給詞的適當形式填空 1．The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely dest

5、royed (destroy)． 2．(湖北卷)Right after he was rescued(rescue) by the soldiers from the ruins，he saluted and smiled to them. 3．With so many miners buried (bury) under the mine, none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest. 4．If it hadn't been for your timely help，we would be trapped (trap) in

6、 a dilemma now. 5. Disasters(disaster) such as earthquakes and floods are not caused by human beings. 拓 展 單 詞 1．extreme adj.極度的→ extremely adv.極度地 2．judge n．裁判員； 法官 vt.斷定； 判斷； 判決→ judgement n．意見； 判斷力； 審判 3．injure vt.損害； 傷害→ injury n．傷害； 損害→injured adj.受傷的 4．nation n．民族； 國家； 國民→ national adj

7、.國家的； 民族的 5．frighten vt.使驚嚇； 嚇?！?frightened adj.受驚的； 受恐嚇的→frightening adj.令人恐懼的 6．congratulate vt.祝賀→ congratulation n．祝賀； (復數(shù)) 賀詞 7．dirt n．污垢； 泥土→dirty adj.臟的； 骯臟的 8．suffer vt.& vi.遭受； 忍受→ suffering n．苦難； 痛苦→ sufferer n．患者； 受害者 9．shock vt.& vi.(使)震驚； 震動 n．休克； 打擊； 震驚→ shocking adj.令人震驚的→ shock

8、ed adj.震驚的 10．survive vt.& vi.幸存； 幸免于→ survivor n．幸存者； 生還者； 殘存物 [語境運用]　用所給詞的適當形式填空 1．The girl was almost frightened to death when she saw the frightening scene.(frighten) 2．The headmaster wrote a letter to congratulate her on her good performance and the exciting congratulations encouraged her

9、greatly.(congratulate) 3．Judging from his looks，he must be an honest man.On the contrary，he often robs and steals，so the judge points out that a man should not be judged by his appearance.(judge) 4．We were shocked at the shocking news that he died suddenly yesterday.(shock) 5．In the terrible cras

10、h of the school bus，many children were injured，and even some suffered severe injuries to their heads and arms.The injured were rushed to the nearest hospital.(injure) 閱 讀 單 詞 1．canal n．運河；水道 2．shelter n．掩蔽；掩蔽處；避身處 3．event n．事件；大事 4．outline n．要點；大綱；輪廓 5．headline n．報刊的大字標題 6．track n．軌道；足跡；痕跡

11、 7．well n．井 8．pipe n．管；導管 9．steam n．蒸汽；水汽 10．quake n．震動；地震 11．crack n．裂縫；噼啪聲 vt.&vi.(使)開裂；破裂 12．smelly adj.發(fā)臭的；有臭味的 13．dam n．水壩；堰堤 14．mine n．礦；礦山；礦井 15．bar n．條；棒；條狀物 1．(2019·全國卷Ⅰ) Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s.跟蹤(進展情況) 2．(

12、2017·全國卷Ⅱ)We were respectful of craft and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.刻苦鉆研；研究 3．(重慶卷)He had a real gift for handling chores, sheltering me from unpleasant repair jobs.使免于；庇護 [短語　多維應用] 高 頻 短 語 1．right away立刻；馬上 2．in ruins嚴重受損；破敗不堪 3．a(chǎn) (great) number of 許多；大

13、量的 4．judging from從……判斷 5．be trapped in陷入 [語境運用]　(填入一個適當?shù)脑~) ①A great number of firefighters were sent to the scene right ②away．The fire spread so quickly that the building lay ③in ruins in no time.Judging ④from the situation，many people were trapped ⑤in the fire.The firefighters did all they coul

14、d to put out the fire and tried to carry the trapped people out. 6．think little/nothing of認為……沒什么了不起 7．a(chǎn)t an end結(jié)束；終結(jié) 8．dig out掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn) 9．be proud of以……而自豪 10．be buried in埋頭于 [語境運用]　(填入一個適當?shù)脑~) I paid a visit to my cousin before my holiday was nearly ⑥at an end.When I came in，he was buried ⑦in re

15、viewing his lessons in his study.He got good grades in the final exam and his parents were proud ⑧of him.However，he thought nothing ⑨of what he had achieved. [句式　結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫] 教材原句背誦 句式仿寫應用 1．too...to...意為“太……而不能……”，表示否定意義 In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. (2018

16、·北京卷)正如諺語所說，活到老學到老。 As the saying goes, “One is never too old to learn”. 2.It seems/seemed as if...看起來好像…… It seemed as if the world was at an end！ 這個講故事的人以一種生動的方式給我們講故事，好像他親身經(jīng)歷過的一樣。 The storyteller was telling us a story in a vivid way as if he had experienced it himself. 3.部分否定：all...not...并

17、非所有的……都…… All hope was not lost. 最近的一項調(diào)查表明，在我們學校并非所有的學生都在課余時間進行體育鍛煉。 A recent survey shows that all the students in our school don't take physical exercise in their spare time. 1．burst vt.& vi.(使)爆裂；(使)裂開；(使)炸開；突然出現(xiàn)；爆發(fā) n．突然破裂；爆發(fā) (1)burst out＋doing＝burst into＋n.突然……起來 burst into 闖入 burst in

18、闖進來；插話 (2)burst with joy/happiness/anger非常高興/勃然大怒 burst into cheers爆發(fā)出歡呼聲 burst in on a meeting打斷會議 [基礎(chǔ)練習]——單句語法填空 ①a.He burst in without knocking at the door, which made me very angry. 　b．He burst into the room without knocking at the door，which made me very angry. ②Hearing that my dad w

19、ould be back from London this week, I felt as if my heart would burst with joy. [鏈接寫作]——完成句子/句式升級 聽到兒子在地震中喪生的壞消息， 這對夫婦突然哭起來。 (普通表達)When they heard the bad news that their son died in the earthquake, the couple burst into tears/burst out crying. (高級表達)Hearing the bad news that their son died in

20、the earthquake, the couple burst into tears/burst out crying. (分詞短語作狀語) 2．ruin n．[U]毀壞；毀滅；崩潰 [C](pl.) 廢墟；遺跡 v．(使)破產(chǎn)；(使)墮落；毀滅 (1)in ruins成為廢墟 (2)ruin oneself毀掉自己； 自取滅亡 ruin one's health/fame 毀壞某人的健康/聲譽 ruin the table cloth 弄臟了那塊桌布 ruin our friendship破壞了我們的友誼 the ruin of civilization文明的毀滅 fi

21、nancial ruin破產(chǎn) the ruins of Rome古羅馬遺跡 [基礎(chǔ)練習]——單句語法填空 ①a.(2019·全國卷Ⅰ) Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining(ruin) the atmosphere of peace? 　b．It rained for two weeks on end，completely ruining(ruin) our holiday. ②When they returned to Rockaw

22、ay the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. [鏈接寫作]——完成句子/句式升級 地震之后整個城市成了一片廢墟，這讓我們徹夜未眠。 (普通表達)The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake and it made us awake all night. (高級表達)The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake, which made us awake all night．(非限制性定語從句) 3．bury vt.埋

23、葬；掩埋；隱藏；使沉浸；使專心 be buried in＝bury oneself in埋頭于；專心于 be buried in thought沉思 bury his face in his hands雙手掩面 buried treasure埋藏的財寶 [基礎(chǔ)練習]——單句語法填空 ①The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, burying(bury) her head in the book in her hands. ②a.He stood on the sidewalk with his hands buried(

24、bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat. 　b．When I entered the room, I found him burying (bury) his face in his hands. [鏈接寫作]——完成句子/句式升級 由于他埋頭于書本，他沒注意到其他人已經(jīng)離開了。 (普通表達)Because he buried himself in/was buried in his book，he didn't notice that all the others had left. (高級表達)Burying himself in hi

25、s book，he didn't notice that all the others had left.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語) (高級表達)Buried in his book，he didn't notice that all the others had left.(過去分詞作狀語) [名師點津]　表示“埋頭于；致力于”的短語還有： be devoted to＝devote oneself to專心于；致力于 be absorbed in全神貫注于；專心于 concentrate on集中精力于；專心于 focus on集中精力于；專心于 fix one's attention

26、 on全神貫注于；專心于 occupy oneself in doing/with＝be occupied with 專心于；忙于 4．judge vt.斷定；判斷；判決 n．裁判員；法官 (1)judge...from/by...從……來判斷…… judging by/from從……上看；根據(jù)……判斷 (2)as far as I can judge據(jù)我判斷，我認為 (3)judgement n．裁決；評價 judge a case判案 judge sb. guilty判某人有罪 not to judge people不要對他人品頭論足 [基礎(chǔ)練習]——單句語法填

27、空 ①(2018·江蘇卷)The economic impact of the arts is often overlooked and badly judged (judge)． ②Judging (judge) from the above story, we can draw the conclusion that we shouldn't judge a book by/from its cover. ③She showed a lack of judgement(judge) when she gave Mark the important job. [鏈接寫作]——完成句子

28、 (2017·江蘇卷)我認為，電影市場在不久的將來會低迷。 As far as I can judge, the film market may witness a slowdown in the near future. [名師點津]　judging from/by用在句首時，為一個獨立成分，不受句子主語和時態(tài)影響，只用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語而不采用過去分詞的形式。 5．a(chǎn)t an end結(jié)束；終結(jié) (1)at the end of在……盡頭；在……末端 by the end of到……結(jié)束時；到……時候為止(常與完成時態(tài)連用) in the end最后；終于 (2)come to

29、an end結(jié)束 put/bring sth.to an end 結(jié)束…… put an end to sth.結(jié)束；終結(jié)…… (3)end up結(jié)果為……；最終為…… [基礎(chǔ)練習]——單句語法填空 ①The meeting was nearly at an end when I got to the meeting room. ②They didn't know how to put an end to the heated quarrel. ③His newly written novel had been translated(translate) into English

30、 by the end of last month. ④(2019·忻州聯(lián)考)I thought I would be punished for the broken glasses but I ended up being praised (praise) for my honesty. [鏈接寫作]——用end的相關(guān)短語完成小片段 ①At the end of (在……末端) the meeting，the general manager said in a loud voice，“We've tried hard to solve the financial problem，and

31、 ②in the end (終于) we've succeeded.So ③by the end of (到……結(jié)束時) next week，the bad situation will ④come to an end (結(jié)束) and everything will be all right.” 6．a(chǎn) (great) number of許多；大量的 (1)＋可數(shù)名詞復數(shù) (2)＋不可數(shù)名詞 (3) [基礎(chǔ)練習]——單句語法填空/單句改錯 ①a.(2019·浙江卷) In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has f

32、allen(fall) by more than 55 percent. 　b．(山東卷)A number of high buildings have arisen(arise) where there was nothing a year ago but ruins. ②a.Large quantities of water has been piped to the dry area since last year.has→have 　b．Large amounts of money is spent on advertisements every year.is→are [鏈

33、接寫作]——完成句子 ①(江蘇卷)隨著學習英語的人越來越多， 在中文語境里理解這些英語單詞并不是很困難。 As the number of English learners is on the rise, it's not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts. ②(廣東卷)一位普通的工人向一所大學捐贈了大量的金錢，這引起了公眾的關(guān)注。 A great deal/amount of money was donated to a university by an ordinary worker,

34、 which aroused public attention. [名師點津]　a number of意為“若干；許多”；后接名詞復數(shù)。用作主語時，謂語動詞一般用復數(shù)形式；the number of意為“……的數(shù)量”，其后接名詞的復數(shù)或具有復數(shù)意義的名詞。用作主語時，謂語一般要用單數(shù)形式。 7．[教材佳句]It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！ [句法句式]句中as if ＝ as though意為“仿佛，好像”，引導表語從句。常放在be, look, seem, sound, smell, feel等系動詞之后。 (1)如果

35、所引導的從句表示的情況是真實的或極有可能發(fā)生的情況時，句子要用陳述語氣。 (2)如果所引導的從句只是表示一種假設(shè)的情況，從句的謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，其形式如下： as if [金句推送]　The woman loves the children deeply as if she were their mother.這個婦女深愛這些孩子，就好像她是他們的媽媽一樣。 [基礎(chǔ)練習]——單句語法填空 ①Hurry up! It looks as if the train is going(go) to move in two minutes. ②More generally，the In

36、ternet functions as if it were(be) my memory. ③(重慶卷)It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I had done(do) it? [鏈接寫作]——句式升級 (普通表達)She walked here and there on the playground as if she was looking for something. (高級表達)She walked here and there on the playground as if look

37、ing for something．(省略句) (普通表達)The boy stood there with his head bent as if he was criticized by the teacher. (高級表達)The boy stood there with his head bent as if criticized by the teacher．(省略句) [名師點津]　如果as if引導的從句的主語和主句的主語一致，并且從句中用be的某種形式，則省略“從句主語＋be”，從句就變成了“as if/as though＋adj./adv./介詞短語/to do/doi

38、ng/done”。 8．[教材佳句]All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破滅了。 [句法句式]句中all ...not為部分否定，意為“并非都……”，有時也可用“Not all ...”表示。 (1)英語中的all，both，each，every，everybody，everything，always，whole，entirely等具有總括意義的代詞、形容詞和副詞與否定詞not連用，無論not位置如何，均構(gòu)成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。 (2)英語中的no，none，never，nobody，nothing，neither，no one，nowhere等表否

39、定意義的詞與肯定式謂語一起使用構(gòu)成“全部否定”。 [金句推送]　It's impossible for all the people to get the jobs because all of them are not fit for them.所有人都得到工作是不可能的，因為并非所有的人都適合這些工作。 [基礎(chǔ)練習]——單句語法填空/單句改錯 ①I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with everything． ②(重慶卷)The meeting will be held in September, but

40、nobody knows the date for sure. ③(全國卷Ⅱ) It's an either-or situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can't do all.all→both [鏈接寫作]——一句多譯 (2019·重慶適應性測試)事實是并不是每個人都把合理安排時間看得重要。 ①The truth is that not everyone is attaching great importance to time management. ②The truth

41、is that everyone is not attaching great importance to time management. 多維訓練——夯實基礎(chǔ) 維度1——用所給詞的正確形式填空 1．Now a great many college graduates are (be) seeking for high-paid jobs.But a large number of them are (be) often not able to find a suitable post. 2．We had intended to take a two-day trip, but

42、we were too busy to afford (afford) it. 3．School started, but with time going by I felt as if I were (be) in a foreign country. 4．When she heard the news that her father had died in the accident, she burst out crying (cry)． 5．After very careful consideration, I decided to take a risk based on my

43、own judgment(judge)． 維度2——在空白處填入一個適當?shù)脑~ 6．It had gotten very cold, and I guessed the good weather was at an end. 7．(2019·北京東城一模)My daughter, whose job requires her to do a lot of travelling, is always away from home a lot. 8．The earthquake did damage to the area where many houses fell down and ma

44、ny people were trapped in ruins. 9．He was often found buried in his work whenever I came here. 10．Our English teacher is excellent, but she can't help everyone in the class in 50 minutes. 維度3——查缺補漏 11．George is organized, easy-going, hard-working, and intelligent.In a word, I can't think too hig

45、hly of him. 12．On arriving there, we expressed our congratulations (congratulate) to him on his success. 13．The temple completely destroyed (destroy) by the fire last night was built a long time ago. 14．A large number of soldiers were sent there to rescue (rescue) those trapped in the building.

46、15．Although it was an extremely (extreme) difficult and dangerous task, he was determined to finish it. 語篇練習——提升能力 提能一　單元話題語篇練 根據(jù)P26教材課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式 A terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28, 1976, in which thousands of people died and many 1．were injured (injure)．

47、Many houses 2.fell (fall) down and sand filled the wells instead of water.People were greatly 3.shocked (shock)．All the electricity in the city was cut 4.off and people began to wonder how long the disaster would last.The whole city was pletely (complete) destroyed and the world seemed 6．a(chǎn)t its end.

48、 The people of Tangshan didn't lose hope, because 150, 000 soldiers were sent 7．to help (help) the rescue workers.The soldiers tried their best to dig out those 8.who were trapped.Workers built shelters for the survivors.Fresh water was taken to the city by every means.Slowly, the city began to com

49、e back to life. It was said that before the quake, strange things were happening in the countryside.The water in the village wells 9.rose (rise) and fell.Fish jumped out of the ponds.Strange noises were heard in the sky, but people thought little of 10.them (they)． 提能二　單元話題寫作練 1．補全要點句(加黑體部分請利用本單元

50、所學詞匯) ①一天夜里，一切都開始搖晃起來。水管爆裂，電力中斷。 One night, everything began to shake, the pipes bursting and the electricity cut off． ②無論走到哪里，我們都能看見一切都已經(jīng)變成了廢墟。 Wherever we went, we found everything lay in ruins． ③仿佛到了世界末日！ It seemed as if the world was at an end! ④有些人受傷，有些人被埋在廢墟下。 Some people were injured;

51、 some were buried in the ruins. ⑤士兵們立刻前來救援。他們救出了一些被困在廢墟中的人，并將死者掩埋。 The soldiers came to the rescue right away．They saved some people trapped under the ruins, and buried the dead. ⑥在災難面前，他們非常愿意幫助那些需要幫助的人。 They were too willing to help those in trouble in the face of disasters． ⑦我們再怎么贊揚他們也不為過。 W

52、e can't think too highly of them. 2．升級平淡句 (1)把句⑤升級為定語從句 The soldiers came to the rescue right away, saved some people who were trapped under the ruins, and buried the dead. (2)用狀語從句合并句⑥和句⑦ They were too willing to help those in trouble in the face of disasters, so we can't think too highly of t

53、hem． 3．銜接成美文(注意利用適當?shù)倪^渡銜接詞匯：so) One night, everything began to shake, the pipes bursting and the electricity cut off. Wherever we went, we found everything lay in ruins. It seemed as if the world was at an end! Some people were injured；some were buried in the ruins. The soldiers came to the rescue right away, saved some people who were trapped under the ruins, and buried the dead. They were too willing to help those in trouble in the face of disasters, so we can't think too highly of them. - 12 -