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1、 Unit 2　English around the world The history of the English language really started with the arrival of three Germanic tribes(部落)who invaded(侵略)Britain during the 5th century. Old English The invading Germanic tribes spoke similar languages，which in Britain developed into what we now call Ol

2、d English.Old English didn't sound or look like English today.Native English speakers now would have great difficulty understanding Old English speakers.However，about half of the most commonly used words in Modern English have Old English roots. Middle English In 1066，the Norman invaded and conque

3、red England.They also brought with them a kind of French，which became the language of the ruling and business classes.For a period，the lower classes spoke English and the upper classes spoke French.In the 14th century，English________ in Britain again，with many French words added.This language is cal

4、led Middle English. Late Modern English The main difference between Early Modern English and Late Modern English is vocabulary.Late Modern English has many more words，resulting from two main factors：firstly，technology development created a need for new words；secondly，the British Empire at its he

5、ight converted one quarter of the earth's surface，and the English language used foreign words from many countries. Now there are many other varieties of English in the world，such as Australian English，New Zealand English，Canadian English，South African English，Indian English and Caribbean English.

6、【詞海拾貝】 1．a(chǎn)rrival n．到達(dá) 2．period n．時期，階段 3．class n．階層 4．result from 因……發(fā)生；隨……產(chǎn)生 5．create v. 生產(chǎn)；制造 【問題思考】 1．The main idea of the text is _____________________________. 答案：the history of the English language 2．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words. ________________________________

7、_______________________ 答案：became a main language 3．What's the main difference between Early Modern English and Late Modern English? _______________________________________________________ 答案：Vocabulary. Ⅰ.將單詞與其正確釋義配對 1．official adj.　　　　 A．本身；本體；身份 2．native adj.&n. B．常常；頻繁地 3．a(chǎn)ctually

8、adv. C．官方的；正式的；公務(wù)的 4．base vt. & n. D．逐漸地；逐步地 5．gradually adv. E．流利的；流暢的 6．vocabulary n. F．以……為根據(jù)；基部；基地；基礎(chǔ) 7．spelling n. G．拼寫；拼法 8．identity n. H．本國的；本地的；本地人；本國人 9．fluent adj. I．實際上；事實上 10．frequently adv. J．詞匯；詞匯量；詞表 答案：1.C　2.H　3.I　4.F　5.D　6.J　7.G　8.A 9．E　10.B Ⅱ.根據(jù)所給漢語提示寫出單詞

9、 1．________adj. 官方的；正式的；公務(wù)的 2．________n. 航行；航海 3．________adj. 本國的；本地的　n．本國人；本地人 4．________adv. 事實上；實際上 5．________vt. 以……為根據(jù)　n．基部；基礎(chǔ)；基地 6．________adj. 逐漸的；逐步的 ________adv. 逐漸地；逐步地 7．________adj. 較后的；(兩者中)后者的；后半的 8．________n. 本身；本體；身份 9．________adj. 流利的；流暢的 ________adv. 流利地；流暢地 10．________a

10、dj. 頻繁的；常見的 ________adv. 常常；頻繁地 答案：1.official　2.voyage　3.native　4.actually 5．base　6.gradual　gradually　7.latter　8.identity 9．fluent　fluently　10.frequent　frequently Ⅲ.根據(jù)英語釋義寫出下列單詞 1．________：tell/ask sb to do sth 2．________：an act of asking for sth especially politely 3．________：the act of exp

11、ressing；showing of feelings， opinions 4．________：of，from or living in the east part of the world or of a specified region 5．________：know again one has seen，heard or experienced 6．________：truck 7．________：the emphasis that you should give to part of a word when saying it 8．________：without a

12、bend or curve；one person is honest， truthful 答案：mand　2.request　3.expression　4.eastern 5．recognize　6.lorry　7.accent　8.straight Ⅳ.選詞填空(注意形式的變化) communicate with；be based on；be able to；make use of；come up；have a good command of...；believe it or not；play a big part in；be recognized as；hold on 1.If

13、 you want to do this job well，you must be __________ speak English well. 答案：able to 2．The story is about a family who can't ____________ each other. 答案：communicate with 3．This novel __________ the family history of the writer. 答案：is based on 4．While we were talking，a man ________． 答案：came up

14、 5．They tried their best to ____________ the chance that their school offered to study hard. 答案：make use of 6．Otherwise，you will ____________ a human and not a selfish person in cold blood. 答案：be recognized as 7．Her father has never ____________ her life. 答案：played a big part in 8．—Is Peter th

15、ere? —__________，please.I'll see if I can find him for you. 答案：Hold on 9．____________，they will not carry out their promise. 答案：Believe it or not 10．My sister ____________English because she has studied abroad for three years. 答案：has a good command of Ⅴ.領(lǐng)會下列句子所用的句型并譯成漢語 1．Why not go by Under

16、ground? _______________________________________________________ 答案：為什么不乘地鐵去呢？ 2．Today，more people speak English as their first，second or a foreign language than ever before. _______________________________________________________ 答案：如今說英語的人比以往任何時候都多了，他們有的是作為第一語言來說，有的是作為第二語言或外語。 3．Native Englis

17、h speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English. _______________________________________________________ 答案：以英語作為母語的人，即使他們所說的話不盡相同，也可以相互理解。 4．At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken toda

18、y. _______________________________________________________ 答案：起初大約在公元450年和公元1150年間，英國人所說的英語與人們現(xiàn)在所說的英語很不一樣。 課文表層理解 Ⅰ.根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容判斷正(T)誤(F) 1．English had the most speakers in the 12th century. (F) 2．English changed when new settlers and rulers came to Britain. (T) 3．Languages in the world change

19、 frequently. (T) 4．The language of the government is always the language of the country. (F) 5．English is also the official language in ChinA． (F) Ⅱ.讀課文，回答問題 1．Was the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 similar to the English spoken today？Why? ___________________________

20、____________________________ 答案：No.It was very different from the English spoken today.It's because it was based more on German than the English we speak at present. 2．When did some British settlers move to America? _______________________________________________________ 答案：In 1620. 3．What are

21、 the two big changes in English spelling by the 19th century? _______________________________________________________ 答案：First Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language. Ⅲ.根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成表格 Time Events At the 1.________of the 16

22、th century About five to seven million people spoke English and nearly all of them lived in England. Between AD 450 and 1150 It was 2.________more on German. Between about AD 800 and 1150 English became less like German 3.________the rulers. In the 1600's Shakespeare 4.________use of a wider

23、 5.________，which caused a big change in English usage. In the 18th century English was 6.________to AustraliA． From 1765 to 1947 English became the language for 7.________and 8.________in IndiA． At 9.________ China has the largest number of English learners. In the future Chinese English ma

24、y develop its own 10.________. 答案：1.end　2.based　3.because of　4.made 5．vocabulary　6.taken　7.government　8.education 9．present　10.identity 課文深層理解 Ⅰ.根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容匹配段落大意 1．Para 1　　A．The example of the difference between different native English speakers. 2．Para 2　 B．Wide use of English. 3．Para 3　 C．En

25、glish is a language spoken all around the world. 4．Para 4　 D．Why English has changed over time. 5．Para 5　 E．English was settled. 答案：1.B　2.A　3.D　4.E　5.C Ⅱ.單項選擇 1．Where did most of the English speakers live at the end of the 16th century? A．AmericA．　　　　　 B．England. C．South AsiA． D．South A

26、fricA． 答案：B 2．When did English begin to be spoken in many other countries? A．In the 17th century. B．At the end of the 16th century. C．Between about AD 450 and 1150. D．In the 19th century. 答案：A 3．According to the text，which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Languages always stay the sam

27、e. B．Languages change only after wars. C．Languages no longer change. D．Languages change when cultures change. 答案：D 4．From Paragraph 3，we can learn that from AD 450 to 1150，English sounded more like ________． A．German B．Chinese C．French D．Russian 答案：A 5．Why does India have a very

28、 large number of fluent English speakers? A．Because Indians like learning English very much. B．Because India has the largest number of English learners. C．Because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. D．Because India has a close relationship with Britain. 答案：C 寫一則海報 英文海報是人們在日常生活中經(jīng)常使用

29、的一種張貼形式的應(yīng)用文。它的使用場合非常廣泛，包括活動宣傳、招聘廣告和人物介紹等。 英文海報通常含有通知性，所以主題應(yīng)該明確、一目了然。它還包含廣告的某些特點，要求內(nèi)容簡明扼要，形式新穎美觀。 一、海報通常包括的幾部分 1．標(biāo)題。 首先根據(jù)海報的特點、格式寫明標(biāo)題。海報中往往把內(nèi)容作為大字標(biāo)題。例如：Football Match，Why is it important to learn English？或者注明Poster等字樣。 2．正文部分。 不同的海報其正文部分的側(cè)重點不同。對于介紹性的海報，首先引出話題，其次列出原因，最后總結(jié)。對于宣傳類海報，要寫清楚具體內(nèi)容，如：活動內(nèi)容

30、、地點以及參加規(guī)定、主持或舉辦單位等。 3．落款。 出海報的單位署名通常放在右下角，日期位于署名的下一行，既可以寫在右下角，也可以寫在左下角。 注意事項： (1)海報的標(biāo)題必須簡潔明了，詞數(shù)不能太多，而且必須能吸引讀者的眼球。 (2)海報的寫作目的就是讓讀者了解活動的信息，傳達(dá)信息才是海報最重要的任務(wù)，所以文字的修飾要服務(wù)于信息，不能玩文字游戲，使讀者摸不著頭腦。 二、常用句式 1．I have something important to tell you. 2．I have got an announcement to make. 3．I am told that a s

31、peech contest will be held at the“English Corner”this summer vacation. 4．I'm glad to have the honour to tell you some activities you're going to have today. 5．The party is a good chance for us to practise our English. 6．Everyone is welcome to attend the party. 7．Please bring along your pens and

32、notebooks. 8．All the students are requested to attend the celebration of the Teachers' Day to be held in the Grand Hall in the Main Building at 6：30 this evening. 9．Don't miss the chance.Please get there on time. 10．Please get everything ready.Don't be late. 根據(jù)以下提示，以學(xué)生會的名義寫一則英文海報。 足球比賽 參賽單位：

33、江海中學(xué)足球隊vs江北中學(xué)足球隊 比賽時間：2017年9月6日下午2：00 比賽地點：校操場 【審題謀篇】 第一步　明確要求 本海報主要是告知學(xué)生以及老師一場足球比賽的消息，以學(xué)生會的名義進(jìn)行寫作，視角明確，因此語言應(yīng)注意受眾的接受性。海報的主要內(nèi)容是告知比賽雙方、比賽時間、比賽地點。寫作中特別強調(diào)格式的重要性。同時還要注意語言的簡潔性。 第二步　確定段落 本篇海報可以從以下幾個方面入手： 標(biāo)題 Para 1簡單說明比賽雙方 Para 2比賽時間 Para 3比賽地點 Para 4歡迎師生前來觀看 署名 第三步　提煉要點 本文可能會運用到以下詞匯和短語： 1．f

34、riendly football match 足球友誼賽 2．hold 舉辦 3．be welcome 受歡迎 第四步　句式升級 句式體現(xiàn)一般表達(dá)向高級表達(dá)過渡： 1．江海中學(xué)足球隊與江北中學(xué)足球隊將進(jìn)行一場足球比賽。 (一般表達(dá))Jianghai Middle School Football Team and Jiangbei Middle School Football Team will have a match. (高級表達(dá))A friendly football match will be held between Jianghai Middle School Foot

35、ball Team and Jiangbei Middle School Football Team. 2．歡迎廣大師生前來觀看。 (一般表達(dá))We welcome all teachers and students. (高級表達(dá))All the teachers and students are warmly welcome. 【范文賞析】 A friendly football match A friendly football match will be held between Jianghai Middle School Football Team and Jiangb

36、ei Middle School Football Team. Time：2：00 pm，September 6th，2017. Place：The school playground. All the teachers and students are warmly welcome. The Students' Union 【亮點點評】 該范文結(jié)構(gòu)完整，標(biāo)題鮮明且明確，指出poster的主題是一場足球比賽。然后正文部分根據(jù)人們的一般思維，點出參賽的雙方，第三、四段進(jìn)而說明比賽的具體時間、地點，最后署名通知的發(fā)布者是學(xué)生會。整篇文章要點齊全，語言規(guī)范，主題鮮明，文字簡潔，邏輯井然，

37、一氣呵成。文章簡短，但是將主要信息做到了不遺不漏，格式規(guī)范，值得學(xué)習(xí)。 你校學(xué)生會需招聘一名留學(xué)生做英語學(xué)習(xí)顧問，請你以短文形式寫一則招聘啟事。內(nèi)容主要包括： 1．母語是英語，漢語流利者優(yōu)先； 2．解答英語學(xué)習(xí)問題，協(xié)助組織英語活動； 3．每周4小時，報酬面議； 4．聯(lián)系人：李華(Tel：130 1122 3344)。 注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右； 2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3．啟事標(biāo)題和結(jié)尾已為你寫好。 English_advisor_wanted _______________________________________________________

38、 _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ Student_Union Yucai_High_School 答案： English_advisor_wanted The Stu

39、dent Union of school decides to invite an international student to work as an English Study Advisor next term.The main responsibilities of the advisor include helping students to practise their oral English，answering their questions，and helping organize activities such as singing English songs，Engli

40、sh evenings，or lectures on interesting topics. The applicant should be a native speaker of English.Fluency in Chinese is preferred.The advisor is expected to work 4 hours per week. If you are interested，please call Li Hua at 130 1122 3344 for an interview.Payment for the service will be discussed

41、during the interview. Student_Union Yucai_High_School A級　基礎(chǔ)過關(guān) Ⅰ.單句語法填空 在句中空白處填上適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 1．He looked calm，but __________(actual)he was very nervous. 答案：actually 2．________(base)on a novel by Lewis，the film is popular with people around the country. 答案：Based 3．He speaks Chin

42、ese ________(fluent)as if he were a Chinese. 答案：fluently 4．This is the main use that scientists make ________ natural resources. 答案：of 5．The new method is not perfect.Even ________，it's much better than the old one. 答案：so 6．It is ________ (request)that he ________(leave)before seven o'clock.

43、答案：requested　should leave 7．The town has changed beyond __________(recognize)since I was last here. 答案：recognition 8．Computers play ________ important part in modern society. 答案：an 9．I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrellA．That's ________ I got wet through. 答案：why 10．The explorer took only

44、such men and things ________he really needed into the thick forest. 答案：as Ⅱ.選詞填空(注意形式的變化) such as；make full use of；at present；expression；accent；come up；block；play；vocabulary；because of 1．We must ________the resources we have. 答案：make full use of 2．I like drinks，________tea and coffee. 答案：such

45、 as 3．Strangers ________ to him in the street and said how much they enjoyed his book. 答案：came up 4．The boss is busy ________and he will ring you back later. 答案：at present 5．The part that the church ________is very great. 答案：plays 6．He had to retire ________his poor health. 答案：because of 7．

46、They greeted him with many ____________of pleasure. 答案：expressions 8．He speaks with a strong southern________． 答案：accent 9．He lives three ________away from here. 答案：blocks 10．To my surprise，he has the largest ________in our class. 答案：vocabulary Ⅲ.完成句子 1．Mr Zhang ____________________________

47、____(起著非常重要的作用)carrying out the plan. 答案：played an important part in 2．She is wearing a long red coat so you'll ______________(肯定能認(rèn)出)her. 答案：be sure to recognize 3．________________________(信不信由你)，they will not carry out their promise. 答案：Believe it or not 4．The captain ________________________

48、______(命令他的人向港口航行)quickly. 答案：commanded his men to sail to the port 5．They've made an urgent request that the fresh water _________ (應(yīng)該立刻供應(yīng))． 答案：(should)be supplied at once B級　能力提升 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 Recent studies have shown that exercise is good to both yo

49、ur physical strength and brain.A new study finds that people become smarter after starting a running programme. In their study，the researchers had seven young people start a running programme consisting of running 30 minutes，two or three times a week for at least 12 skills before and after the 3－mo

50、nth running programme. After 12 weeks of running，scores on all of the tests increased greatly in the runners，as did their reaction times (反應(yīng)時間)in completing the tests，but the scores began to fall again if the runners stopped their training. The results could have suggestions for old people as well

51、.According to these researchers，old people who started a 4－month exercise programme also showed it may help doctors find a way to use exercise and running to help old people and those with Alzheimer's(老年癡呆癥)disease improve their memory and other mental skills. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇最新研究，研究表明跑步不僅可以使身體健康而且還可以讓

52、人的大腦反應(yīng)更加靈活。 1．What is the best title for this passage? A．Running may make you smarter and healthier. B．How to start a running programme. C．Running is an important way to improve health. D．The seven－person programe. 解析：主旨大意題。這篇文章主要是通過一項七人運動項目來證明跑步可以使你更加靈活和健康，而不是闡述如何開始一個跑步計劃，也不是講跑步的重要性，更不是講七人計劃。

53、 答案：A 2．The researchers did tests both before and after the running programme because________． A．they had enough time to do it B．the scores would be higher C．they wanted to make sure that all the runners would take to test D．they could compare the scores 解析：推理判斷題。從全文可以推斷，跑步計劃前后都要統(tǒng)計分?jǐn)?shù)，是為了測試跑步帶

54、來的不同。 答案：D 3．The underlined word“their”in the second paragraph refers to“________”． A．the young people's　　 B．the researchers' C．the runners' D．the tests' 解析：代詞指代題。從第二段“In their study，the researchers had seven young people start a running programme consisting of running 30 minutes，...”可知答案為

55、B項。 答案：B Ⅱ.七選五 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 For several years，Americans have enjoyed teleshopping—watching TV and buying things by phone.__1__In a number of European countries，people can turn on their TVs and shop for clothes，jewelry，food，toys and many other things. __2__For exampl

56、e，the biggest Swedish company sells different kinds of things on TV in 15 European countries，and in one year it made $100 million.In France there are two teleshopping channels，and the French spend about $20 million a year to buy things through those channels. In Germany，until last year teleshopping

57、 was only possible on one channel for 1 hour every day.Then the government allowed more teleshopping.Other channels can open for telebussiness，including the largest American teleshopping company and a 24－h(huán)our teleshopping company.__3__ Some people like teleshopping because it allows them to do thei

58、r shopping without leaving their homes.With all the problems of traffic in the cities，this is an important reason，but at the same time other Europeans do not like this new way of shopping.__4__Many Europeans usually worry about the quality of the things for sale on TV.Good quality is important to th

59、em，and they believe they cannot be sure about the quality of the things on TV. __5__They will have to be more careful about the quality of the things they sell.They will also have to work harder to sell things that the buyers cannot touch or see in person. A．Now teleshopping is starting in Europe.

60、 B．They call teleshopping“Junk on the air”． C．Teleshopping is becoming popular in Sweden. D．German businesses are hoping this new teleshopping will help them sell more things. E．The need for high quality means that European teleshopping companies will have to be different from the American compa

61、nies. F．Teleshopping is popular among people. G．German teleshopping business is controlled by AmericA． 答案：1.A　2.C　3.D　4.B　5.E Ⅲ.完形填空 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 My father enjoys bike riding.Ever since I was little，I've always loved going biking with my dad.__1__，as I became

62、a teenager，other things began to draw my __2__．Suddenly，it was important to do things with __3__．I saw my dad every evening at home.Why did I have to __4__my Sundays to all day bike trips with him，too？Even if my indifference(冷漠)hurt him，my father kept __5__，he would always let me know when he was pl

63、anning a bike trip __6__I wanted to come. It was a Sunday morning，and I was in low __7__．Two of my friends had gone to the movies without inviting me.Just then my father __8__my room.“It's a beautiful day.Want to go for a __9__ today，Beck？” “Leave me alone！”I impatiently __10__． Those were the las

64、t words I said to him before he left the house that __11__． Several hours later，the police called us，__12__ us that dad had a traffic accident.My father's injuries were serious.It took several days before he could __13__speak.Beside his bed I held his hand gently，__14__of hurting him. “Daddy...I'm

65、 sorry...” “It's okay，sweetheart.I'll be okay.” “No，”I said，“I __15__what I said to you that day.You know，that morning？” “Sweetheart，I don't __16__anything about that day.I remember kissing you good night the night before，though.”He__17__a weak smile. I felt __18__for my thoughtless remark，for I

66、even wanted him to leave me alone.My teacher once told me that __19__have immeasurable power.They can hurt or they can heal.And we all have the __20__to choose our words.I intend to do that very carefully from now on. 【語篇解讀】　本文為記敘文。語言有不可估量的力量，既能夠傷害人也能夠溫暖人，我們說話時要斟酌用詞。 1．A．Therefore　　 B．Instead C．Besides D．However 解析：根據(jù)后面的“other things”可知，這里表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 答案：D 2．A．a(chǎn)ttention B．sight C．effort D．energy 解析：draw my attention 吸引我的注意力，即當(dāng)我長成少年，其他一些事情吸引了我的注意力。 答案：A 3．A．dad B．friends C．teac