《（江蘇專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題3 閱讀理解 第三節(jié) 詞句猜測題 二 代詞指代題學(xué)案 牛津譯林版》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《（江蘇專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題3 閱讀理解 第三節(jié) 詞句猜測題 二 代詞指代題學(xué)案 牛津譯林版（21頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、二、代詞指代題 (2019·全國Ⅱ，A) MyFavouriteBooks JoUsmarisawriterforCosmopolitanandco-authoroftheThisBookWillseries(系列)oflifestylebooks.Hereshepickshertopreads. Matilda RoaldDahl IoncewroteapaperontheinfluenceoffairytalesonRoaldDahl’swritinganditgavemeanewappreciationforhisstrangeanddelightfulworlds.Ma

2、tilda’sbattleswithhercruelparentsandthebossyheadmistress，MissTrunchbull，areequallyfunnyandfrightening，butthey’realsoaspirational. AfterDark HarukiMurakami It’sabouttwosisters—Eri，amodelwhoeitherwon’torcan’tstopsleeping，andMari，ayoungstudent.Intryingtoconnecttohersister，Maristartschangingherlifean

3、ddiscoversaworldofdiverse“nightpeople”whoarehidingsecrets. GoneGirl GillianFlynn Therewasabitofmethatdidn’twanttolovethiswheneveryoneelseontheplanetdid，butthehorrorstoryisbrilliant.There’stensionandanxietyfromthebeginningasNickandAmybattleforyourtrust.It’sarealwhodunitandthefrustrationwhenyoureal

4、isewhat’sgoingonishorriblyenjoyable. TheStand StephenKing Thisisanexcellentfantasynovelfromoneofthebeststorytellersaround.Afteraseriousfluoutbreakwipesout99.4%oftheworld’spopulation，abattleunfoldsbetweengoodandevilamongthoseleft.RandallFlaggisoneofthescariestcharactersever. 21.Whodoes“I”refert

5、ointhetext? A.StephenKing. B.GillianFlynn. C.JoUsmar. D.RoaldDahl. 答案　C 解析　代詞指代題。由標(biāo)題MyFavouriteBooks以及第一段內(nèi)容可知，文章是以JoUsmar的口吻進(jìn)行寫作的。故選C。 22.WhichofthefollowingtellsaboutMariandEri? A.Cosmopolitan. B.Matilda. C.AfterDark. D.TheStand. 答案　C 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AfterDark部分中的第一句“It’sabouttwosisters—Eri，amo

6、delwhoeitherwon’torcan’tstopsleeping，andMari，ayoungstudent.”可知答案為C。 23.WhatkindofbookisGoneGirl? A.Afolktale. B.Abiography. C.Alovestory. D.Ahorrorstory. 答案　D 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GoneGirl部分中的“...thehorrorstoryisbrilliant.”可知答案為D。 一、題型解讀 代詞指代題常出現(xiàn)在人物或事物變換多，動作轉(zhuǎn)換頻繁的語境中，考生應(yīng)根據(jù)語境判斷人稱代詞、不定代詞和指示代詞。有時也會考查定語從句

7、中關(guān)系代詞的指代內(nèi)容。設(shè)問形式常有： (1)Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this/it/them/which...”referto? (2)Theunderlinedpart“it/that/they/which...”inParagraph...refersto“”. 二、解題技巧——“就近原則”判指代 第一步：明確代詞所指代內(nèi)容的位置 代詞永遠(yuǎn)出現(xiàn)在原詞之后，故代詞所指代的內(nèi)容在這一句的前面一句中，或者前幾句中。 第二步：熟悉代詞的含義 (1)it/this/that可指代一件事。 (2)it/he/them/they/one/those指上文提到的

8、人或物。 (3)which/that/who等關(guān)系代詞指代其所修飾的先行詞，非限制性定語從句中which可指代前面整句話的內(nèi)容。 第三步：替換核實再比較 (1)用所找的指代內(nèi)容替換畫線代詞，核實句意是否合理，前后內(nèi)容是否一致。 (2)比較所代部分與選項，確定意思最接近的選項。 例如：【真題感悟】中第21題。由標(biāo)題MyFavouriteBooks以及第一段內(nèi)容可知，文章是以JoUsmar的口吻進(jìn)行寫作的。故C選項正確。 A (2019·南通高三檢測) TheBoyWhoHarnessedtheWindisaninspirationaltrue-storyfilmbas

9、edonamemoir—an9accountoftheauthor’spersonalexperiences—bytheMalawianengineerWilliamKamkwamba.Asateenager，Kamkwambabuiltawindturbineforhisfamine-strickentowninMalawi，helpingtopowersmallappliancesand6eventuallyirrigatecrops.11Thoughthefilmpointstowardthattechnologicalbreakthrough，itspendsmuchofitsrunn

10、ingtimedepicting(描繪) itshero’scommunityandavoidsmanyofthedamaginglanguagesthattendtoaccompanypop-culturaldescriptionofpovertyorconflictsinAfricancountries. Thisapproachiswhatmakesthemovie，muchmoreattractivethanothersuchdocu-dramas.ChiwetelEjiofor，anEnglishactor，ismakinghis7featureappearanceasawrite

11、randdirectortodrawattentiontoKamkwamba’sstory—buthe’sjustasfocusedondepictingtheboy’sfamilylifeandthedangersoffarmingintheearly2000sMalawi.Famineisn’tjustathingthathappenstotheKamkwambas.It’stheresultofaseriesofunpredictable8catastrophesthattrickledowntothissmallvillageandleaveitspeoplestrugglingtog

12、rowandsellfood.Byexaminingthemanystructuralreasonsforthetown’scrisis，EjioformakesKamkwamba’sachievementfeelbetter-earnedfromanarrative(敘述的) perspective. TheKamkwambasarenotlackinginfood，atfirst，thoughtheydoliveharvesttoharvest.Soon，aseriesofdramaticfloods，combinedwithgovernmentunrest(動蕩)，beginstota

13、keatollon (haveabadeffecton) theirlife.Throughitall，Williamshowshisgiftforinvention，takingapartwhatevermachineshecangethishandsonandfiguringouthowtheywork.Inonecrucial (andcleverlywritten) scene，somelocalteenagersbegWilliamtofixtheirradiosothattheycanlistentoasoccergame，andhedoes，makinguseofabattery

14、fromseveraldrainedpowercells.Astheradiojoltstolife，itdeliversanewsreportofplaneshittingbuildingsintheU.S.，whichservesasthefirstrealacknowledgmentofthefilm’sexacttimeperiod.Theuninterestedteensimmediatelyswitchovertothegame，butEjioforincludedthatdetailforareason.ThoughMalawiisontheothersideoftheworld

15、fromtheU.S.，andtheKamkwambas’villageisfarfromthecountry’sbiggestcity，thenegativeeffectsof9/11arefelteventhere—unsettlingthegovernmentandsettingoffachainreactionthatquicklyturnsthingsterrible.MomentsliketheseaffirmEjiofor’sparticularskillforstorytelling.ToWilliamandhisyoungfriends，theeventbarelyregis

16、ters，butitstillhashugeconsequencesfortheirlives. Thelatterhalfofthefilmistoughergoingthanthelight，community-orientedopening，butit’sanchoredbystrongperformances.Trywell，William’sfather，isn’tabaddad，butashisfamilygetshungrier，hisangertowardhisgovernment，whichwassupposedtohelphimthrive，risestothesurfa

17、ce.AsWilliam’smother，Maǐgaisacalmer，steadierfigure，butherprideisdamaged，too.Shespeaksofneverwantingtobethestereotypical(老套的) family“prayingforrain”，asherancestorsdid，anddespairsasTrywell’sstrategytosavethefarmbecomesalmostexactlythat. Atacertainpoint，Istartedmentallycheckingmywatch—Isn’tittimeforth

18、eboytostartharnessingthewind？ButEjiofordoesn’twantWilliam’smassiveachievementtolookeasy.NotonlydoesWilliamneedtogatherthepracticalmaterialsneededforawindmillinanearly1abandonedtown，buthealsohastochallengehisfather’sskepticismandpersuadehimtogiveupthefewpossessionshestillhas，includingabicycle，tocreat

19、esomethingthatappearsimpossible.It’sstriking，anddeeplysad，toconsiderthatsuperficially(表面上) theonlythingkeepingWilliam’stownfromstarvationwasbasicallywindpower.InEjiofor’shands，TheBoyWhoHarnessedtheWindbuildsrealismandcontextintobothsidesofthatstoryandmanagestobeawinningadaptationasaresult. 語篇解讀　本文是

20、一篇說明文，介紹了電影《駕馭風(fēng)的男孩》以其獨特的拍攝手法展現(xiàn)了主人公為一個遭受饑荒的非洲小鎮(zhèn)制造風(fēng)力渦輪機的真實故事。 1.InthefilmTheBoyWhoHarnessedtheWind，aconsiderablepartisabout. A.themiserablelifeinMalawi B.theirrigationofthecrops C.thebuildingoftheturbine D.thetechnologybreakthrough 答案　A 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thoughthefilmpointstowardthattechnologica

21、lbreakthrough，itspendsmuchofitsrunningtimedepicting (描繪) itshero’scommunityandavoidsmanyofthedamaginglanguages”和第二段中的“buthe’sjustasfocusedondepictingtheboy’sfamilylifeandthedangersoffarmingintheearly2000sMalawi”可知，這部電影有相當(dāng)一部分描繪了在馬拉維的悲慘生活，故A項正確。 2.HowdoesEjioformakeKamkwamba’sachievementmorenoticeabl

22、e? A.Byshootingthefilmintheformofstory-telling. B.Byanalyzingthereasonsforthevillage’spoverty. C.Bylistingunpredictablecatastrophesattackingthevillage. D.Bystrengtheningthedifficultyingrowingandsellingthefood. 答案　A 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“he’sjustasfocusedondepictingtheboy’sfamilylife”及“EjioformakesK

23、amkwamba’sachievementfeelbetter-earnedfromanarrative(敘述的) perspective.”可知，Ejiofor的拍攝側(cè)重于Kamkwamba的家庭生活，并且是以敘述的形式使Kamkwamba的成就更突出，即以講故事的拍攝形式使Kamkwamba的成就更突出，故A項正確。 3.WhatisthepurposeofthesceneabouttheradioinParagraph3? A.ToreporttheterroreventintheUS. B.Torevealthesettingofthefilm. C.Tostressthete

24、ens’interestingames. D.Toshowthehero’swillingnessofhelp. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Astheradiojoltstolife，itdeliversanewsreportofplaneshittingbuildingsintheU.S.，whichservesasthefirstrealacknowledgmentofthefilm’sexacttimeperiod.”可知，文章提到收音機場景是為了揭示電影的背景，故B項正確。 4.Theunderlinedword“that”inParagraph4refers

25、to. A.Maǐga’spride B.Trywell’sanger C.thefamilyprayingforrain D.thedespairofsavingthefarm 答案　C 解析　代詞指代題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的內(nèi)容可知，她從來都不想像她的祖先那樣成為老套的“求雨”家庭，而當(dāng)Trywell拯救農(nóng)場的策略幾乎變成那樣的時候她感到了絕望，由此可知，that指的就是前面的prayingforrain，故C項正確。 5.ThesceneofWilliamharnessingthewindappearsquitelateinthefilmsoasto. A.buildrealism

26、andcontextintobothsidesofthestory B.underlinethelocalpeople’ssufferingfromstarvation C.showhisfather’sskepticismandreluctancetohelphim D.impressonviewersthedifficultyofmakingthemachine 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ButEjiofordoesn’twantWilliam’smassiveachievementtolookeasy.”可知，Ejiofor不想讓W(xué)illiam的偉大成就看起

27、來那么容易，即想要突出主人公的不容易，故D項正確。 6.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage? A.AWindTurbineInventedbyaMalawianEngineer B.AnInspirationalTrue-storyAdaptedintoaFilm C.TheKamkwambaFamilyandTheirLifeinMalawi D.ATrueWinner—TheBoyWhoHarnessedtheWind 答案　D 解析　標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段前兩句可知，本文介紹了電影《駕馭風(fēng)的男孩》以其獨特的拍攝手法展現(xiàn)了主人公為一個遭

28、受饑荒的非洲小鎮(zhèn)制造風(fēng)力渦輪機的真實故事，他是真正的贏家，故D項正確。 B (2019·南京、鹽城高三一模) Howwouldyoudescribeyourstyle？Formal？Classical？Casual？Smart？Firstofall，whatisstyle？Let’shearafewwordsofwisdomfromthewise.“Styleisknowingwhoyouareandwhatyouwanttosay，”(GoreVidal)；“Styleisanexpressionof2individualismmixedwithcharm，”(JohnFairchil

29、d)；“Styleistheperfectionofapointofview，”(RobertEberhart)；“Styleisasimplewayofsayingcomplicatedthings，”(JeanCocteau)；“Styleisthedressofthoughts，”(LordChesterfield). So，nowyouknowwhatstyleis，you’llneedtobuysomeclothes.Butwhere？IntheUK，youcangetreallycheap，stylish，second-handclothesat3charityshops.The

30、y’regreatifyouwantexclusivelabelsbutdon’twanttopaytheprice.Theonlydifficultyisdiscoveringwherethereallygood4bargainsare.Butdon’tworry，LeilaGraycanhelpyouhere.She’stheproudownerofavintageHardyAmiescoat，pickedupatacharityshopfor￡20—agooddealwhenyourealizeitcostmorethan￡800new.“Youhavetogotothericherar

31、easofacity，”shesays.“That’swhereallthelabelsare.Itcantakeabitofhuntingaround，butthatishalfthefun，andthere’salotofburiedtreasurejustwaitingtobediscovered.” So，nowyouknowwheretobuyyournew，stylishclothes，howdoyouacquireyourstyle？Expertssaythatmixingandmatchingfromcharityshopscanhelpyoufindyourownstyle

32、—somethingthat’sreallyyou.That’swhatScottishmusicianMomusdid.“Myfashion10tipisthis，”hesays，“Lookatyourselfwiththeeyeofagraphicdesigner.Ifyoucan’tbeattractive，aimfor‘interesting’or‘original’.”Momus’uniquestylecouldevenmakehimhappier，too.AspsychologistMarilynEliasexplains，thehappiestpeople“judgethemse

33、lvesbytheirownyardsticks，neveragainstwhatothersdoorhave”. ShoichiAoki，thefounderofJapanesestreetstylemagazineFRUiTS，agrees.“12Ithinkrealfashioniswhatpeoplewearonthestreets，theclothesthattheywear，thewaythattheywearthem，”hesays.“Whatyouseeinfashionmagazinesandonmodelshasbeenstyledandit’smorecommercia

34、l.”HesaysthathisinspirationforFRUiTScamefrompeople5combiningtraditionalJapaneseclothingsuchasthekimonoand“geta” (Japanesewoodenclogs) withWesternfashion.“Thisreallycaughtmyeye，”Aokiadds.Thesestylesmayseemwild，butAoki’sideaisnot：bebold，becreativeandfindsomethingthatsuitsyou. Maybe it’s time to creat

35、e your own look.There are many online guides to help you.Perhaps the best advice comes from a website called wikiHow，“If you see something you like，” it says，“feel free to copy，but don’t make yourself a clone...mix it up and make it yours.” Think about it! 7.Whatshouldyoufirstdotochoosethestyleth

36、atbestsuitsyou? A.Followtheimagesofthewisepeople. B.Goforwhateverisfashionable. C.Simplifycomplicatedexpressions. D.Figureoutwhatatruestyleis. 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。由第一段中“Howwouldyoudescribeyourstyle？Formal？Classical？Casual？Smart？Firstofall，whatisstyle？”提出的設(shè)問可知，要選擇適合自己的風(fēng)格，首先要弄明白究竟什么是真正的“style”，故選D。 8

37、.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph2referto? A.Gettingclothesofleadingbrands. B.Buyingclothesatratherlowprices. C.Searchingforreallygoodbargains. D.Startingacharityshopsellingclothes. 答案　C 解析　代詞指代題。that通常指代上文提到的事物，根據(jù)第二段中的“IntheUK，youcangetreallycheap，stylish，second-handclothesatcharity

38、shops.They’regreatifyouwantexclusivelabelsbutdon’twanttopaytheprice.”及畫線詞前的“Itcantakeabitofhuntingaround”可知，that指代上文中的“尋找真正物美價廉的商品”。故選C。 9.WhatisthefocusofShoichiAokiandhismagazineFRUiTS? A.Commercializationoffashionmagazines. B.Expressionofsomethingpersonalandcreative. C.Designingfashionablewea

39、rformeninthestreet. D.PromotingJapanesetraditionalclothingworldwide. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“HesaysthathisinspirationforFRUiTS...Thesestylesmayseemwild，butAoki’sideaisnot：bebold，becreativeandfindsomethingthatsuitsyou.”可知，答案為B。 10.Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage? A.HowtoFindtheStyleThatS

40、uitsYou B.WheretoPickUpaBargain C.WhattoWeartoDevelopYourStyle D.WhomtoModeltoBePopular 答案　A 解析　標(biāo)題歸納題。本文從設(shè)問“你怎樣描述你的風(fēng)格？”和“首先，什么是風(fēng)格？”開始，探討了如何找到適合自己的風(fēng)格，故選A。 Ⅰ.障礙詞匯突破 (一)閱讀下列句子，并根據(jù)句意猜測畫線部分的意思 1.Rescuersabandonedallhopeoffindinganymoresurvivors.放棄 2.Inthecontemporarywesternworld，rapidlychangin

41、gstylescatertoadesirefornoveltyandindividualism.個性 3.Manycharitiessentmoneytohelpthevictimsofthefamine.慈善機構(gòu) 4.Hemadeabargainwithhiswife，“YoutakecareofthechildrenandI’llcook.”條件，協(xié)議 5.LikehermotherMarieCurie，Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer.兼顧 (二)同義詞語替換 6.Eventually，herownpublishingfirmwassetup.Final

42、ly/Atlast/Intheend 7.AnimportantfeatureofVanGogh’spaintingsistheirbrightcolours.characteristic/character 8.Earlywarningsofrisingwaterlevelspreventedanothermajorcatastrophe.disaster (三)一詞多義 9.accountv.占……比例；解釋……的原因；是……的原因n.賬目；賬戶；賬號；敘述；報道；描寫 (1)Theapplicationofnewtechnologiesandwideappealofmovies

43、tarscouldaccountfortheincreaseofthebox-officeincome.v.是……的原因 (2)Itissaidthatbodylanguageaccountsfor55percentofafirstimpressionwhilewhatyousayjust7percent.v.占……比例 (3)Whilethisbooktellsusthestoriesoffamouspeopleinhistory；italsogivesanaccountofthelivesoflesser-knownindividuals.n.敘述 (4)Hetakescareoft

44、hebusinessandhiswifekeepstheaccounts.n.賬目 (5)Myfatherhelpedmesetupabankaccount.n.賬戶 10.tipn.尖端；末梢；小費；建議；忠告；小貼士v.傾斜；傾倒；給……小費 (1)Theboattippedtooneside.v.傾斜 (2)Shetippedtheporteradollar.v.給……小費 (3)Igavesometipsonhisstudies，buthedidn’tfollowthem.n.建議；忠告 (4)CapeTownisatthesoutherntipoftheAmericanc

45、ontinent.n.末端 Ⅱ.長難句理解 11.Thoughthefilmpointstowardthattechnologicalbreakthrough，itspendsmuchofitsrunningtimedepicting(描繪) itshero’scommunityandavoidsmanyofthedamaginglanguagesthattendtoaccompanypop-culturaldescriptionofpovertyorconflictsinAfricancountries. [句式分析]　本句是一個復(fù)合句，though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，thattendt

46、oaccompanypop-culturaldescriptionofpovertyorconflictsinAfricancountries是that引導(dǎo)的定語從句。 [精美譯文]　盡管這部電影指向了技術(shù)上的突破，但是它的大部分時間都在描繪主人公所在的社區(qū)，并避免了許多帶有破壞性的語言，這些語言傾向于伴隨著對非洲國家的貧困或沖突的流行文化的描述。 12.Ithinkrealfashioniswhatpeoplewearonthestreets，theclothesthattheywear，thewaythattheywearthem. [句式分析]　本句是一個復(fù)合句，Ithink后面跟

47、的是一個省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的賓語從句；is后有三個并列的表語：what引導(dǎo)表語從句，theclothesthattheywear和thewaythattheywearthem，其中兩個that引導(dǎo)的都是定語從句。 [精美譯文]　我認(rèn)為真正的時尚是街頭人們的穿著打扮，是他們所穿的衣服，是他們的穿衣方式。 強化練(二十三) Ⅰ.單項填空 1.Asforyourabouttheshoes，sir，Iwillspeaktothepersoninchargeandaskhimeithertogiveyouanotherpairortogiveyourmoneyback. A.composit

48、ion B.compromise C.complaint D.concept 答案　C 解析　composition作文；compromise妥協(xié)；complaint投訴，抱怨；concept概念。句意為：先生，關(guān)于您對這雙鞋的投訴，我會和負(fù)責(zé)的人談?wù)?，讓他要么給您另一雙鞋，要么給您退錢。complaintabout對……抱怨/投訴，故選C。 2.—David，areyoulisteningtome? —Sorry，sir.IofthelectureIattendedyesterday. A.havethought B.wasthinking C.amthinking D.tho

49、ught 答案　B 解析　句意為：——大衛(wèi)，你在聽我說嗎？——對不起，先生。我在想我昨天聽的講座。此處表示剛才正在做某事，所以應(yīng)該用過去進(jìn)行時態(tài)，故選B。 3.ThenewsspreadquicklyallovertheworldMichaelSchumachercametolifeafterhisbeingseriouslyinjured5yearsago. A.thatB.what　C.whichD.when 答案　A 解析　句意為：邁克爾·舒馬赫在5年前受了重傷，他蘇醒過來的消息很快傳遍了全世界。此處名詞news后面是that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容，故選A。

50、 4.Thenewsurveyshowsthatthenumberofstudentscomputergameshasbeenincreasinginrecentyears. A.accustomedto B.relatedto C.connectedto D.addictedto 答案　D 解析　beaccustomedto習(xí)慣于；berelatedto與……有關(guān)；beconnectedto與……有聯(lián)系；beaddictedto對……上癮。句意為：這項新的調(diào)查顯示，沉迷于電腦游戲的學(xué)生人數(shù)近年來呈上升趨勢。此處為形容詞短語作定語。故答案為D。 5.—Manyoptimisticte

51、enagersowetheirpersonalitiestotheiroutgoingparents. —Itmakessense.Asweallknow，ahappyparentahappychild. A.makesout B.makesinto C.makesup D.makesfor 答案　D 解析　makeout明白，理解；makeinto制成；makeup由……組成，編造；makefor有助于。句意為：——許多樂觀的青少年把他們的個性歸功于他們外向的父母?！@是有道理的。眾所周知，一個快樂的父母造就一個快樂的孩子。故選D。 6.Commercialandrecreat

52、ionalfishingpopulationsizesandalsomadeindividualssmaller，sincebigfishandsmalleronesthrownback. A.decreased；kept B.haddecreased；arekept C.hasdecreased；keep D.hasdecreased；arekept 答案　D 解析　考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。因為大的魚是被漁夫留下來的，所以后一空為被動，故排除A、C項，因為商業(yè)性或娛樂性的捕魚發(fā)生在過去并對現(xiàn)在的個體和數(shù)量造成影響，而非發(fā)生在過去的動作“madeindividualssmaller”之前，

53、故用現(xiàn)在完成時，故選D。 7.Moreofusareusingheadphonesinnoisierenvironments，wemayturnupthevolumetopotentiallydangerouslevels. A.whenB.while　C.beforeD.where 答案　D 解析　考查定語從句。因為后半句是一般現(xiàn)在時，前半句是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，故排除A、B兩項，根據(jù)句意“在喧鬧環(huán)境中會提高音量”，不存在先后時間順序，可排除C項，所以后半句只能是個從句來修飾environments，句子成分完整，先行詞在從句中作地點狀語。故選D。 8.—Thereisalwaystemp

54、tationtohideawayfromouremotions. —ButI’dratherweawayofbeingmoreoutspoken，morehonest，andtruertoourselves. A.find B.shallfind C.found D.havefound 答案　C 解析　考查固定句式。wouldrathersb.didsth.“寧愿某人做某事”，是虛擬語氣的固定句型，是對現(xiàn)在的虛擬。如果對過去虛擬則用wouldrathersb.haddonesth.。本題是對現(xiàn)在的虛擬，故選C。 9.—Suesleptovernightinfrontofthesta

55、diuminordertogetconcerttickets. —That’swhattheproverb“”means. A.everycloudhasasilverlining B.makehaywhilethesunshines C.theearlybirdcatchestheworm D.don’tcountyourchickensbeforetheyhatch 答案　C 解析　考查諺語、俗語。everycloudhasasilverlining守得云開見明月；makehaywhilethesunshines曬草要趁太陽好；theearlybirdcatchesthewo

56、rm早起的鳥兒有蟲吃；don’tcountyourchickensbeforetheyhatch不要高興得太早。故選C。 10.Whilesendingflowersasgifts，wecan’tchooseflowers，becausedifferentflowersmayconveydifferentmeanings.(2019·無錫高三期中) A.arbitrarily B.cautiously C.originally D.thoroughly 答案　A 解析　考查副詞。arbitrarily反復(fù)無常地；cautiously謹(jǐn)慎地；originally最初；thoroughl

57、y徹底地。句意為：當(dāng)送花作為禮物時，我們不能隨意選擇花，因為不同的花可能傳達(dá)不同的含義。故選A。 Ⅱ.閱讀理解 A HereisarecordofthediscussionaboutAI (artificialintelligence) conductedbyseveralscientists： ScientistA：IwouldsaythatwearequitealongwayofdevelopingtheAI，thoughIdothinkitwillhappenwithinthenextthirtyorfortyyears.Wewillprobablyremainincontrol

58、oftechnologyanditwillhelpussolvemanyoftheworld’sproblems.However，noonereallyknowswhatwillhappenifmachinesbecomemoreintelligentthanhumans.Theymayhelpus，ignoreusordestroyus.ItendtobelieveAIwillhaveapositiveinfluenceonourfuturelives，butwhetherthatistruewillbepartlyuptous. ScientistB：Ihavetoadmitthatth

59、epotentialconsequencesofcreatingsomethingthatcanmatchorgobeyondhumanintelligencefrightenme.Evennow，scientistsareteachingcomputershowtolearnontheirown.Atsomepointinthenearfuture，theirintelligencemaywelltakeoffanddevelopatanever-increasingspeed.Humanbeingsevolvebiologicallyveryslowlyandwewouldbequickl

60、ysubstituted.Intheshortterm，thereisthedangerthatrobotswilltakeovermillionsofhumanjobs，creatingalargeunderclassofunemployedpeople.Thiscouldmeanlarge-scalepovertyandsocialunrest.Inthelongterm，machinesmightdecidetheworldwouldbebetterwithouthumans. ScientistC：I’mamemberoftheCampaigntoStopKillerRobots.F

61、orgetthemovieimageofaterrifyingTerminatorstampingonhumanskulls(頭骨) andthinkofwhat’shappeningrightnow：militarymachineslikedrones，gunturretsandsentryrobotsarealreadybeingusedtokillwithverylittlehumaninput.Thenextstepwillbeautonomous“murderbots”followingordersbutfinallydecidingwhotokillontheirown.Itsee

62、mscleartomethatthiswouldbecompletelyunethicalanddangerousforhumans.Weneedtobeverycautiousindeedaboutwhatweaskmachinestodo. 11.WhatisScientistBworriedabout? A.AItechnologywilldestroytheearth. B.Computerscan’tthinkbythemselves. C.Robotswilltaketheplaceofhumans. D.Humanswillbeunhappywithoutmachi

63、nes. 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Intheshortterm，thereisthedangerthatrobotswilltakeovermillionsofhumanjobs，creatingalargeunderclassofunemployedpeople.Thiscouldmeanlarge-scalepovertyandsocialunrest.”可知，科學(xué)家B擔(dān)心機器人會代替人類，造成人類失業(yè)、貧窮和社會動蕩。故選C。 12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inthelastparagraphreferto? A.TheC

64、ampaigntoStopKillerRobots. B.ThemovieimageofaterrifyingTerminator. C.“Murderbots”can’tdecidebythemselves. D.“Murderbots”willbeagainsthumans’orders. 答案　D 解析　代詞指代題。根據(jù)畫線詞前一句“Thenextstepwillbeautonomous‘murderbots’followingordersbutfinallydecidingwhotokillontheirown.”可知，自動“殺人機器人”服從人類的命令，但最后殺死誰由他們自己

65、決定。句中this指“殺人機器人不服從人類的命令”。故選D。 13.WhichstatementisCORRECTaccordingtotherecord? A.ScientistAthinksAItechnologywillneverdevelop. B.TheemploymentwillbeaffectedbyAItechnologyinthefuture. C.“Murderbots”willfollowtheordersoftheirmanufacturersinthewars. D.AllthethreescientistsagreethatAItechnologywill

66、benefithumanbeings. 答案　B 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Intheshortterm，thereisthedangerthatrobotswilltakeovermillionsofhumanjobs，creatingalargeunderclassofunemployedpeople.”可知，機器人的發(fā)展會代替人類工作，造成人類失業(yè)。也就是說，未來人工智能技術(shù)將會影響就業(yè)。故選B。 14.Whoagree(s) AIhasmorenegativeaspectsthanpositiveaspects? A.ScientistA. B.ScientistB. C.ScientistsB&C. D.ScientistsB&A. 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ItendtobelieveAIwillhaveapositiveinfluenceonourfuturelives”可知，科學(xué)家A認(rèn)為人工智能的積極因素比消極因素多。根據(jù)第三段中的“...thereisthedangerthatrobotswilltakeovermillions