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1、 Unit 1 Cultural relics Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2018·全國Ⅲ) Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are,like a nearby port or river.People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade.New York City,for example,is near a large harbour at

2、 the mouth of the Hudson River.Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million.But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time.Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight.In 1896,Dawson,Canada,was unmapped wilderness(荒野).But gold was discovered there in 1897,

3、and two years later,it was one of the largest cities in the West,with a population of 30,000. Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris.People went there for gold.They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers.The path

4、to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warning.An avalanche(雪崩)once closed the path,killing 63 people.For many who made it to Dawson,however,the rewards were worth the difficult trip.Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold,4,000 got rich.About 100 of these sta

5、yed rich men for the rest of their lives. But no matter how rich they were,Dawson was never comfortable.Necessities like food and wood were very expensive.But soon,the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found.The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down,and

6、 when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska,they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.Today,people still come and go—to see where the Canadian gold rush happened.Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City—its present population is 762. 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是說明文。城市自有它形成的原因。本文主要介紹加拿大城

7、市Dawson(道森),它昔日因為金礦而迅速興起,現(xiàn)在則只能以旅游業(yè)作為主產(chǎn)業(yè)。 1.What attracted the early settlers to New York City? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.Its business culture. B.Its small population. C.Its geographical position. D.Its favourable climate. 答案C 解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第二、三句“People settle in these places because they are easy

8、to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River.”可知,像紐約市這樣的城市往往占據(jù)重要的地理位置,交通、通信和貿(mào)易方便,由此推知答案為C項。 2.What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson? A.Two-thirds of them stayed there. B.One

9、out of five people got rich. C.Almost everyone gave up. D.Half of them died. 答案B 解析推理判斷題。由第二段末的“Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.”可知,最早來淘金的20,000人里,有4,000人依靠挖掘黃金致富,占總?cè)藬?shù)的1/5,所以答案為B項。 3.What was the main r

10、eason for many people to leave Dawson? A.They found the city too crowded. B.They wanted to try their luck elsewhere. C.They were unable to stand the winter. D.They were short of food. 答案B 解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的“But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded...when

11、 they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.”可知,金礦被開采殆盡,特別是當(dāng)?shù)弥⒗辜影l(fā)現(xiàn)新的金礦后,人們已經(jīng)沒有興趣繼續(xù)留在這里。據(jù)此得出導(dǎo)致很多人離開Dawson的主要原因是要到別處尋找新的金礦,答案為B項,A項并非原因;C項文中沒有提及,所以排除;最后一段雖然提到“Necessities like food and wood were very expensive.”,但這并不是導(dǎo)致人們離開的主要原因,所以排除D項。 4

12、.What is the text mainly about? A.The rise and fall of a city. B.The gold rush in Canada. C.Journeys into the wilderness. D.Tourism in Dawson. 答案A 解析主旨大意題。A項“一座城市的興衰”;B項“加拿大淘金熱”;C項“荒野之旅”;D項“道森的旅游業(yè)”。文中主要介紹加拿大城市Dawson(道森)因為金礦而崛起,又因為金礦被開采殆盡而衰落,經(jīng)濟(jì)只能依靠旅游業(yè)支撐,所以A項能準(zhǔn)確概括文章內(nèi)容;文章重心在講城市的形成,而非淘金熱活動本身,所以B項排

13、除;C項與文章內(nèi)容不符,排除;道森的旅游業(yè)只在文章最后一段最后一句提到,不能作為主旨內(nèi)容。 B (2018·浙江湖州五月適應(yīng)性考試) If you are planning on travelling,there are a few simple rules about how to make life easier both before and after your journey. First of all,always check and double-check departure time.It is amazing how few people really do t

14、his carefully.Once I arrived at the airport a few minutes after ten.My secretary had got the ticket for me and I thought she had said that the plane left at 10:50.When I arrived at the airport,the clerk at the departure desk told me that my flight was closed.Therefore,I had to wait three hours for t

15、he next one and missed an important meeting. The second rule is to remember that even in this age of credit cards,it is still important to have at least a little of the local currency with you when you arrive in a country.This can be necessary if you are flying to a place few tourists normally visi

16、t.A few years ago I was sent to Tulsa,Oklahoma.I flew there from London via Dallas,with very little time to change planes in between.I arrived there at midnight and the bank at the airport was closed.The only way to get to my hotel was by taxi but because I had no dollars,I offered to pay in pounds

17、instead.“Listen!I only take real money!” The driver said angrily.Luckily I was able to borrow a few dollars from a clerk at the hotel,but it was very embarrassing. The third and last rule is to find out as much as you can about the weather at your destination before you leave.I feel sorry for some

18、of my workmates who travel in heavy suits and raincoats in May,when it is still fairly cool in London or Manchester,to places like Athens,Rome or Madrid,where it is already beginning to get warm during the day. 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。作者結(jié)合自己的親身經(jīng)歷告訴讀者,在旅游出發(fā)前及游玩過程中應(yīng)該注意的一些事項。 5.According to the passage,it’s o

19、bvious that 　　　.? A.the author learns some rules of travelling from his own experience B.the author doesn’t plan his trips or journeys carefully C.Englishmen like to wear heavy suits wherever they travel D.the American taxi driver never travels to England 答案A 解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二、三段可知,作者從自己的親身旅游經(jīng)歷中學(xué)

20、到了一些經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)。故選A項。 6.What does the underlined word “there” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A.London.　　　　　　　　B.Manchester. C.Tulsa. D.Dallas. 答案C 解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“A few years ago I was sent to Tulsa,Oklahoma.I flew there...”可知,there此處指“Tulsa”。故選C項。 7.What can we learn from the passage? A.People should c

21、hoose warm places as their travel destinations. B.People don’t have to take credit cards when traveling. C.One should know more about the weather of the place he’ll visit. D.One should take enough change when traveling to other countries. 答案C 解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知,由于不了解旅游目的地的天氣情況,一些英國人在當(dāng)?shù)剡€比較寒冷的五月卻

22、穿著厚厚的衣服到比較暖和的地方游玩。故選C項。 Ⅱ.七選五 (2018·安徽江淮十校第二次聯(lián)考) Life getting you down?Learn to bounce back “That which does not kill us makes us stronger,” Nietzsche said.There are a number of ways that can get us through tough times,help us to bounce back and make us happier.　1　? Find something you can contr

23、ol. 　2　 But taking small,positive steps in any area of our life can have a ripple effect,enabling us to move forward in the problem area.? 　3　? As a species,we tend to focus on what’s wrong rather than what’s right.But we can benefit a lot from paying attention to what’s going right.Psychologists

24、 have shown consciously focusing on these good things helps to increase our experience of positive emotions. Check your thinking. 　4　 Leading psychologist Martin Seligman found that the way we interpret the causes of everyday setbacks can have a significant impact on our ability to cope and our ph

25、ysical health.He also showed we can learn more resilient (有彈性的) thinking styles.? Distract yourself. When we are immersed in a problem,it is hard to think creatively about ways to deal with it.It often helps to take time out from the things you are worrying about.　5　 Not only does this give us a b

26、reak from what we’re doing and our worries,it’s also great for our minds.? A.Always do something that is right. B.It’s true that there are lots of things we can’t control. C.An effective way of taking time out is exercise. D.Next time you are feeling stressed or stuck,give them a try. E.Focus o

27、n what’s right. F.Next time something goes wrong for you,pause for a moment. G.The way we think can destroy our own resilience. 答案與解析 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。有時候生活中的諸多因素會給人們帶來壓力,讓人心情沮喪。但是在困難的時候有很多方法可以幫助我們恢復(fù)原有的精神,讓我們更加快樂。 1.D　上文提到了有很多方法可以幫助我們渡過難關(guān),幫我們重新振作,讓我們更加快樂,而下文則是對這些方法的介紹,D項的內(nèi)容可以起到承上啟下的作用。故選D項。 2.B　

28、本段標(biāo)題是建議人們找一些自己可以控制的事情做,從中獲得信心,再根據(jù)后句的轉(zhuǎn)折可知B項符合語境。故選B項。 3.E　根據(jù)本段中的focus on,pay attention to等關(guān)鍵信息,尤其是第一句話可以判斷選E項。A項的側(cè)重點是讓人們?nèi)プ稣_的事情,作為本段的小標(biāo)題不合適。 4.G　根據(jù)段落小標(biāo)題和下文內(nèi)容可知本段討論的是思維方式對人的影響。故選G項。 5.C　前句內(nèi)容是建議人們要學(xué)會從憂慮中走出來,后句提到這樣做的好處,由此判斷C項符合語境。故選C項。 Ⅲ.應(yīng)用文寫作 學(xué)校發(fā)現(xiàn)最近經(jīng)常有學(xué)生違反學(xué)校規(guī)定,通過美團(tuán)、餓了么等手機(jī)App點購?fù)赓u。假設(shè)你是新華中學(xué)學(xué)生會主席李華,請你

29、代表學(xué)生會擬一份書面通知。 內(nèi)容包括: 1.重申禁令; 2.陳述禁令原因; 3.呼吁同學(xué)們自覺遵守學(xué)校規(guī)定。 詞數(shù)要求:80詞左右。 參考詞匯:禁止ban,禁令restriction,違反violate,美團(tuán)Meituan,餓了么Eleme Notice ? ? ? ? ? 參考范文 Notice Recently,some students are found secretly ordering takeout on “Meituan” or “Eleme”,which obviously violates the school restrictions.Foo

30、d safety has always been a big concern to us all,and the violation has undoubtedly doubled our trouble with this problem as well as our school management. To strictly enforce the school regulation,the Student Union is emphasizing this restriction here again.Please do your little bit to make our campus clean and harmonious.Your effort will really make a big difference. Student Union 5