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1、 二、閱讀七選五 　 語篇出處：原創(chuàng)　語篇類型：說明文　主題語境：學(xué)習(xí)生活 If you want to improve your writing speed, there are several steps that you can take to improve your efficiency and get assignments done faster.Set realistic goals and deadlines for yourself. If you are newer at writing or aren't used to writing on a de

2、adline, there's a good possibility you'll be slower at writing than someone with more experience. __1__ Use a timer to help meet your goals. __2__ Set a timer to the goal that you set for yourself earlier and try to meet your goal within the limited time. If 　　　　　　 you don't have a stopwatch o

3、r timer, there are apps that were created specifically for that purpose. Determine the time of day that you're most productive. Perhaps you write faster and more efficiently in the morning. __3__ Try writing in both settings and determine which time feels better for you. Then, try to get as much w

4、riting done as you can during the times of day when you're most productive. Write an outline for your assignment. Read the prompt or assignment so you know what you have to write. Perform research and plot out the main points in your essay, paper, or story in an outline form. __4__ Then write 2－3

5、sentences, or subpoints, within those main points. __5__ Distractions like surfing the web, TV, or open chat programs can slow your efficiency and writing speed. Find a quiet space where you can write and won't be distracted by the things going on around you. A.Or you may excel at night. B.Using

6、 a timer can help a lot. C.How can you fight your distractions？ D.Minimize the distractions around you. E.Determine what you want to include in your writing first. F.Set goals that make sense for you and are within your ability. G.To improve your writing speed, you'll need a way to measure if y

7、ou're improving. 細(xì)讀5個(gè)空，確定選項(xiàng)特征，標(biāo)出關(guān)鍵詞句。 詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)、邏輯關(guān)系、代詞線索、相同句型等。 題1：根據(jù)詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)解題 本段主題句中關(guān)鍵詞“Set realistic goals”，空格處是本段總結(jié)句，進(jìn)一步闡明要設(shè)立什么樣的目標(biāo)。 題2：根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系解題 本段主題句中關(guān)鍵詞是“Use a timer”，下一句又給出了進(jìn)一步解釋，說明空格處應(yīng)該提到這樣做的必要性。 題3：根據(jù)空格前后句的關(guān)系解題 利用上文提到的“efficiently in the morning”，結(jié)合下文的“in both settings”可知，此處應(yīng)提出晚上的情形。 題

8、4：根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系解題 本段主題句中關(guān)鍵詞是“Write an outline”?？崭窈笥斜硎鞠群箨P(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞“Then”，觀察選項(xiàng)中是否含有“first”，再判斷上下文語境是否呼應(yīng)。 題5：考查段落主題句 觀察文章結(jié)構(gòu)，此處為主題句，應(yīng)該用祈使句。下文關(guān)鍵詞是distractions，內(nèi)容是分心會降低寫作速度和效率，要找一個(gè)安靜的地方，以免被打擾。 研讀多余的兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)，確定排除理由。B項(xiàng)“Using a timer can help a lot.”是題2的干擾項(xiàng)。雖然看似緊密銜接，但是與上下文內(nèi)容重復(fù)。C項(xiàng)“How can you fight your distractions？”

9、是題5的干擾項(xiàng)。關(guān)鍵詞distractions與下文內(nèi)容對應(yīng)。但是觀察篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，段首句都是以祈使句的形式呈現(xiàn)。 代入答案(1～5：FGAED)，重讀選項(xiàng)，核對答案是否合理。 第1講　3種考法尋特點(diǎn) 考法1　設(shè)空在段首 典例片段1　(2019·福建龍巖?？?，片段)語篇類型：事理闡明類說明文　主題語境：個(gè)人信息安全 How can we keep safe personal information on our computers or cellphones? Here_are_some_steps_to_make_it. View emails with a careful

10、 eye It's best to view all emails with care. ... Use two-factor authentication (雙重認(rèn)證) Two-factor authentication adds a second level of security to an account. ... Update apps and operating systems ..., so it's a good idea to upgrade them. __1__ It's no surprise that changing your password

11、has always been a basic form of protection. But what we pick as passwords and how we manage them are important. First, passwords should never include your personal information. So stay away from names and birthdays. Ideally, passwords are a combination of lowercase (小寫) and uppercase (大寫) letters an

12、d random characters. It could be a strong, long password that doesn't have any personal information, making it harder to remember. A.Manage passwords security B.Here are some steps to make it. C.Often users are unwilling to update their mobile devices. D.Combine your personal information with ra

13、ndom figures E.It can trick readers into clicking on dangerous links. F.Here are some ways to create your online personal passwords. G.Do it if there's an option for your email, banking site or social media site. 典例片段2　(2018·全國卷Ⅰ，片段)語篇類型：現(xiàn)象類說明文　主題語境：日常生活 ... __1__. They're the little spots

14、of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable. ... A．While all o

15、f them are useful B．Whatever you're looking for C．If you're experimenting with a color D．Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with E．It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F．So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time G．C

16、olor choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 典例片段3　(2019·河北衡水模考，片段)語篇類型：建議類說明文　主題語境：家庭生活 Moving from one home to another is considered one of the most stressful things people do in their lives. When your move is across the country rather than across town, the stre

17、ss is increased sharply! __1__ Whether you hire movers, do it yourself or something in between, here are some moving tips that will help you save money. ... A.Hire a cheap moving company. B．You should pay for extra packing materials. C．So, the cheaper way is to move your possessions you real

18、ly need. D．Avoid moving during holidays, weekends or at the very end of the month. E．Doing the packing yourself avoids packing material prices and the hourly rate. F．Long-distance moving contains careful planning on your part and on the part of the movers. G．It's a combination of several moving

19、tips that will save you hundreds of dollars. 觀察題干：其他小標(biāo)題都是“動詞＋名詞”構(gòu)成的祈使句，沒有標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號。只剩下A、D兩項(xiàng)。 尋關(guān)鍵詞：下面一段中的關(guān)鍵詞是passwords。 對比選項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)中有關(guān)鍵詞passwords。 代入核查：A項(xiàng)符合語境。選A。 觀察結(jié)構(gòu)：空格在段首，應(yīng)該是本段的主題句。 尋關(guān)鍵詞：本段關(guān)鍵詞語是“l(fā)ittle spots of color”，“small color choices”。 對比選項(xiàng)：選項(xiàng)D中“Small color choices”與本段關(guān)鍵詞語呼應(yīng)。 代

20、入答案：該段講的是顏色與房間布置。選D。 文章結(jié)構(gòu)：總(搬家有壓力)—分(提出搬家建議)結(jié)構(gòu)。 上文內(nèi)容：上一段提到搬家時(shí)會有壓力。 下文啟示：下面一句為無論雇人搬家、自己搬家都要遵循以下建議。關(guān)鍵詞是“movers”“do it yourself”。 無縫對接：判斷此處是過渡句。提出各種情況下搬家都要作出規(guī)劃。movers屬同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，on your part對應(yīng)設(shè)空后“do it yourself”。選F。 考法2　設(shè)空在段中 典例片段4　(2019·全國卷Ⅱ，片段)語篇類型：說明文　主題語境：動機(jī)與興趣 ... Another way of sett

21、ing realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. __1__ They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals. ... A．This can affect your work. B．So

22、how should you motivate yourself? C．However, this should not discourage you. D．So why should we try to set specific goals? E．They can change according to circumstances. F．Motivation is what you need most to do a good job. G．Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it. 典例片段5　(20

23、19·衡水中學(xué)?？?，片段)語篇類型：說明文　主題語境：社會生活 Parents often say that they don't mind what their children do in life just as long as they are happy. Happiness and pleasure are almost universally seen as among the most precious human goods. (However,_disagreements_will_be_caused_about_whether_some_forms_of_pleasur

24、e_are_better_than_others.) Philosopher Jeremy Bentham believed that all sources of pleasure are of equal quality. His protégé (門生) John Stuart Mill disagreed. Mill argued for a distinction between higher and lower pleasure. __1__ Lower pleasure, in contrast, requires mere senses. ... A．The dini

25、ng table is a good place to start. B．Wolfing down your food is a lower kind of pleasure. C．What's the real difference between high and low pleasure? D．What happens if the physical and the mental cannot be separated? E．All philosophers believed that cookery could never be a form of art. F．Higher

26、 pleasure depends on human abilities such as self-awareness or language use. G．However, disagreements will be caused about whether some forms of pleasure are better than others. 典例片段6　(2019·河南六市?？?，片段)語篇類型：事理性說明文　主題語境：人際關(guān)系 Having roommates can not only save us some money, but also give us valuabl

27、e companionship. However, remember that finding the right roommates for you is the most important thing, other than safety concerns. __1__， definitely do not lie about your preferences, schedule, or habits, even if talking about them could make you uncomfortable. On the other side, also remember to

28、ask your potential roommates to tell you about themselves in detail. ... A．If you are a party animal B．While looking for roommates C．Get along well with your roommates D．When having a chat with your roommate E．First, you can ask your friends who are already living off campus F．However, be r

29、eally careful if you get in touch with strangers through the Internet G．Nonetheless, renting an apartment can give you some hands-on experience with living 閱讀上文：空格前句關(guān)鍵詞是“goals”和“flexible”。 找關(guān)鍵詞：分別與關(guān)鍵詞goals和flexible相對應(yīng)的“They”和“change”在E項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)。 比較分析：再由下文“They also need to be measurable.”判斷選E。

30、 讀上下文：空格前后關(guān)鍵詞是“higher and lower pleasure”和“Lower pleasure”。 找關(guān)鍵詞：關(guān)鍵詞“Higher pleasure”在F項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)；“high and low pleasure”在C項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)。 比較分析：再由表示并列轉(zhuǎn)折的標(biāo)志詞語“in contrast”，判斷選F。 研讀上句：找到合適的室友很重要。 下句內(nèi)容：對個(gè)人愛好、計(jì)劃、習(xí)慣等不要對室友撒謊。 結(jié)構(gòu)判斷：空格后句子完整，是主句。該空應(yīng)該起到承上啟下的作用。 分析判斷：主句沒有連詞，判定此處應(yīng)該是帶有連詞的從句或者非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)。 鎖定答案：此

31、處應(yīng)該是指在找室友時(shí)該怎么做。選B。 考法3　設(shè)空在段尾 典例片段7　(2019·北京海淀?？迹?語篇類型：說明文　主題語境：學(xué)校生活 Has this ever happened to you? You've been studying hard for your midterm, but when you walk into your exam, your mind goes blank, your heart races fast, you get sweaty palms and find it hard to breathe. __1__ Everyone feels

32、 stressed during exams. ... A．The first thing you should do is to be prepared. B．People often deal with exam stress in many unhelpful ways. C．If these classic signs of exam anxiety sound familiar, you're not alone! D．Therefore, people need an appropriate amount of pressure to help deal with e

33、xams. E．Realizing time is almost up and that there's still a lot of blank space will make you desperate. F．However, if you are overly anxious about the result, you may be unable to focus on your work. G．After you get the paper, dive right in by getting some questions done to build up your confide

34、nce. 典例片段8　(2019·山東省濟(jì)南外國語學(xué)校月考，片段)語篇類型：說明文　主題語境：社會生活 How to Make Quick Decisions For Your Life ... Write down all the advantages and disadvantages of your decision. Even if you don't have all the information, writing down all the pros and cons (優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)) is a good starting point for figuring out wha

35、t to do. In cases where there simply isn't enough time to write things down, make a mental list in your mind. Thinking of the pros and cons can help you organize your thoughts. __19__ ... A．Have a plan. B．The list may be short or quite long. C．Communicate your decision with others. D．And this

36、 can always lead to a clear answer. E．So cut out any options that you know you will not choose. F．Often, one thing that keeps us from making decisions is fear. G．Some can be very important while others are not serious in the long run. 典例片段9　(2019·山東省青島市高三質(zhì)檢，片段)語篇類型：說明文　主題語境：生物科學(xué) The millipede (

37、千足蟲) Forestlife ... We enjoy watching television programs about bears, bats or monkeys. We knew a lot about their lives: how they find food or what they do at different times of the year. But what about smaller animals that are more difficult to see or film? ... More on the menu The milliped

38、e also likes leaves and it eats any type. But when it has finished, it produces waste. This waste then becomes the food of mushrooms. When mushrooms eat leaves they choose only certain types—But when they eat waste, they will eat any kind. __20__ A.This is where the millipede can help. B．However,

39、not all leaves are equally rich. C．Millipedes do amazing things in the soil in our forests. D．Forests are amazing places, and so are the animals that live in them. E．As they break down on the ground, nutrients are returned to the soil. F．Many small animals that live in forests are very important

40、 for the soil. G．This is how the millipede turns dead leaves into food for others and helps life continue. 上句內(nèi)容：考試緊張，看到試題時(shí)大腦一片空白。 下段開頭：每一個(gè)人考試前都會緊張。 前后啟示：考試緊張，不僅僅是你一個(gè)人遇到的情況。 鎖定答案：C項(xiàng)“If these classic signs of exam anxiety sound familiar, you're not alone！”起著承上啟下的作用，故選C。 設(shè)空在段尾，設(shè)空前

41、一句“Thinking of the pros and cons can help you organize your thoughts.”指出思考優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)的好處，推斷接下來會繼續(xù)闡明這樣做的好處，因而與上文是并列或遞進(jìn)的關(guān)系，D項(xiàng)(這總是引導(dǎo)我們找出清晰的答案)符合對內(nèi)容的推斷，this指代上文中的“Thinking of the pros and cons”， and體現(xiàn)了所說的邏輯關(guān)系。句式結(jié)構(gòu)上，前一句的“can help”與D項(xiàng)中的“this can always lead to”相似。選D。 短文主要介紹了千足蟲在森林中可以分解樹葉，對生物的食物起著積極的作用，對土壤非常的重要。設(shè)空在段落結(jié)尾處，應(yīng)是對本段內(nèi)容的總體概括，研讀本段上文內(nèi)容，諳熟段落大意，由上文可知，千足蟲也喜歡樹葉，它吃任何一種葉子。但當(dāng)它吃完時(shí)，它會產(chǎn)生廢物。這些廢物就變成了蘑菇的食物。當(dāng)蘑菇吃葉子時(shí)，它們只選擇特定的種類——但當(dāng)它們吃廢物時(shí)，它們會吃任何種類的廢物。這說明了“千足蟲如何把枯葉變成其他生物的食物”。所以設(shè)空處要總結(jié)性地對此加以說明。鎖定結(jié)論句為G項(xiàng)。 - 15 -