《（浙京津魯瓊專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復習 專題二 閱讀理解 第三節(jié) 詞句猜測題 二 代詞指代題學案 新人教版》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《（浙京津魯瓊專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復習 專題二 閱讀理解 第三節(jié) 詞句猜測題 二 代詞指代題學案 新人教版（16頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、二、代詞指代題 (2019·全國Ⅱ，A) MyFavouriteBooks JoUsmarisawriterforCosmopolitanandco-authoroftheThisBookWillseries(系列)oflifestylebooks.Hereshepickshertopreads. Matilda RoaldDahl IoncewroteapaperontheinfluenceoffairytalesonRoaldDahl’swritinganditgavemeanewappreciationforhisstrangeanddelightfulworlds.Ma

2、tilda’sbattleswithhercruelparentsandthebossyheadmistress，MissTrunchbull，areequallyfunnyandfrightening，butthey’realsoaspirational. AfterDark HarukiMurakami It’sabouttwosisters—Eri，amodelwhoeitherwon’torcan’tstopsleeping，andMari，ayoungstudent.Intryingtoconnecttohersister，Maristartschangingherlifean

3、ddiscoversaworldofdiverse“nightpeople”whoarehidingsecrets. GoneGirl GillianFlynn Therewasabitofmethatdidn’twanttolovethiswheneveryoneelseontheplanetdid，butthehorrorstoryisbrilliant.There’stensionandanxietyfromthebeginningasNickandAmybattleforyourtrust.It’sarealwhodunitandthefrustrationwhenyoureal

4、isewhat’sgoingonishorriblyenjoyable. TheStand StephenKing Thisisanexcellentfantasynovelfromoneofthebeststorytellersaround.Afteraseriousfluoutbreakwipesout99.4%oftheworld’spopulation，abattleunfoldsbetweengoodandevilamongthoseleft.RandallFlaggisoneofthescariestcharactersever. 21．Whodoes“I”refert

5、ointhetext? A．StephenKing. B．GillianFlynn. C．JoUsmar. D．RoaldDahl. 答案　C 解析　代詞指代題。由標題MyFavouriteBooks以及第一段內(nèi)容可知，文章是以JoUsmar的口吻進行寫作的。故選C。 22．WhichofthefollowingtellsaboutMariandEri? A．Cosmopolitan. B．Matilda. C．AfterDark. D．TheStand. 答案　C 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AfterDark部分中的第一句“It’sabouttwosisters—Eri，amo

6、delwhoeitherwon’torcan’tstopsleeping，andMari，ayoungstudent.”可知答案為C。 23．WhatkindofbookisGoneGirl? A．Afolktale. B．Abiography. C．Alovestory. D．Ahorrorstory. 答案　D 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GoneGirl部分中的“...thehorrorstoryisbrilliant.”可知答案為D。 一、題型解讀 代詞指代題常出現(xiàn)在人物或事物變換多，動作轉換頻繁的語境中，考生應根據(jù)語境判斷人稱代詞、不定代詞和指示代詞。有時也會考查定語從句

7、中關系代詞的指代內(nèi)容。設問形式常有： (1)Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this/it/them/which...”referto? (2)Theunderlinedpart“it/that/they/which...”inParagraph...refersto“”． 二、解題技巧——“就近原則”判指代 第一步：明確代詞所指代內(nèi)容的位置 代詞永遠出現(xiàn)在原詞之后，故代詞所指代的內(nèi)容在這一句的前面一句中，或者前幾句中。 第二步：熟悉代詞的含義 (1)it/this/that可指代一件事。 (2)it/he/them/they/one/those指上文提到的

8、人或物。 (3)which/that/who等關系代詞指代其所修飾的先行詞，非限制性定語從句中which可指代前面整句話的內(nèi)容。 第三步：替換核實再比較 (1)用所找的指代內(nèi)容替換畫線代詞，核實句意是否合理，前后內(nèi)容是否一致。 (2)比較所代部分與選項，確定意思最接近的選項。 例如：【真題感悟】中第21題。由標題MyFavouriteBooks以及第一段內(nèi)容可知，文章是以JoUsmar的口吻進行寫作的。故C選項正確。 A [2019·江西省名校(臨川一中、南昌二中)聯(lián)考] Haveyoueverspentanafternooninthebackyard，maybegri

9、llingorenjoyingabasketballgame，whensuddenlyyounoticethateverythinggoesquiet？Thereisanoldphrase“calmbeforethestorm”，oftenusedinasituation—aquietperiodjustbeforeagreatactivityorexcitement.Accordingtoourownexperience，weknowthereisactuallycalmbeforethestorm.Butwhat8causesthiscalm？Andisitalwayscalmbefore

10、thestorm? Aperiodofcalmhappensinaparticularkindofstorm，thesimplestkindofstorm—asingle-cellthunderstorm.Inthistypeofthunderstorm，thereisusuallyonlyonemainstreamof9current，whichiswarm,5dampairanddrawnfromplacesneartheground.Stormsneedwarmanddampairasfuel，sotheytypicallydrawthatairinfromsurroundingenv

11、ironment.Stormscandrawintheairthatfittheirneedfromalldirections—evenfromthedirectioninwhichthestormistraveling. 11Asthewarm，dampairispulledintoastormsystem，itleavesalow-pressurevacuum(真空) comingafter.Therisingairmeetsthecolddryairthathasalreadyexistedinthestormclouds，thusthetemperatureofthewarm，dam

12、pairdrops，andthewatervaporinitchangesinto6tinydropsthatarea1preconditionofrain.Thesedrops2accumulateandbuildonlargerparticles(顆粒) likedust，untiltheygrowlargeenoughto10formraindrops. Thiswarm，dampairkeepsmovingupwards，butitbecomescooleranddrierduringitstripthroughcloud.Whenitreachesthetopofthecloud，

13、theairissqueezedoutatthetop.Thisairissentrollingoutoverthebigthunderclouds.Fromthere，theairgoesdown.Warmanddryairisrelativelystable，andonceitcoversaregion，thatair，inturn，causesthecalmbeforeastorm. Mostthunderstorms，though，don’tstartwithcalm.That’sbecausemostareactuallygroupsofstormswithcomplexwindp

14、atterns.There’ssomuchairmovingupanddownstormgroupsthatthecalmbeforethestormneverhappens.Instead，beforethestorm，itmightbereallywindy! 語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文，解釋了暴風雨來臨前的平靜的原因，并指出并非所有的暴風雨都始于平靜。 1．Whichbestfitsthedescriptionofaparticularkindofstorm? A．Athunderstormwithasingleshape. B．Athunderstormwithoutstr

15、ongwinds. C．Astormwithairdrawnfromeverydirection. D．Astormfueledbymovingairfromtheground. 答案　D 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句的內(nèi)容“在這種類型的雷暴中，通常只有一股主要氣流，那就是來自地面附近溫暖潮濕的空氣”可知，特殊的雷暴是指由地面移動的空氣推動的風暴。故D項正確。 2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto? A．Thewarmandwetair. B．Thewarmanddryair. C．Thecoldandwet

16、air. D．Thecoldanddryair. 答案　A 解析　代詞指代題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“Therisingairmeetsthecolddryairthathasalreadyexistedinthestormclouds，thusthetemperatureofthewarm，dampairdrops”可知，上升的空氣與干冷空氣相遇，因此溫暖潮濕的空氣的溫度下降，其中的水蒸氣變成微小的水滴，這是下雨的先決條件，由此可知，畫線詞指的是前面提到的溫暖潮濕的空氣，故A項正確。 3．Whichdoesthewritermostlikelyagreeto? A．Presenceofth

17、ecalmreliesonstableair. B．Allthunderstormsdon’tstartwiththecalm. C．Thedriertheairis，thebiggerthestormwillbe. D．Stormhappenswithoutairmovingupanddown. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Mostthunderstorms，though，don’tstartwithcalm.”可知，然而，大多數(shù)雷暴并非始于平靜，由此可知，并非所有的暴風雨都始于平靜，故B項正確。 4．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

18、A．Abriefintroductionofapeacefulstorm. B．Apersonalexperienceofaheavystorm. C．Anexplanationofthecalmbeforeastorm. D．Ananalysisofcausesandeffectsofastorm. 答案　C 解析　主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Butwhatcausesthiscalm? Andisitalwayscalmbeforethestorm？”可知，本文主要解釋了暴風雨來臨前的平靜的原因，故C項正確。 B (2019·湖南長沙雅禮中學模擬) Ateamo

19、finternationalscientistsisduetosetofffortheworld’sbiggesticeberginamissionaimingtoanswerfundamentalquestionsaboutthe7impactofclimatechangeinthepolarregions.12Thescientists，ledbytheBritishAntarcticSurvey(BAS)，aretryingtoreachanewlyrevealedecosystemthathadbeenhiddenfor120,000yearsbelowtheLarsenCiceshe

20、lf. Lastyear，partoftheLarsenCiceshelfcalved(崩解) away，formingahugeiceberg—A68—whichisfourtimesbiggerthanLondon，andrevealinglifebeneathforthefirsttime.Nowscientistssayitisaraceagainsttimetoexplorethesenewecosystemsbeforetheyaretransformedtothelight.MarinebiologistDrKatrinLinsefromtheBASisleadingthemi

21、ssion. “ThecalvingofA68providesuswithauniqueopportunitytostudy3marinelifeasitrespondstoahugeenvironmentchange，”shesaid.“Itisimportantthatwegettherequicklybeforetheunderseaenvironmentchangesassunlightentersthewater.” ProfessorDavidVaughan，sciencedirectorattheBAs，said，“Weneedtobebold(大膽的) onthisone.

22、LarsenCisalongwaysouthandthere’slotsofseaiceinthearea，butthisisimportantscience，sowewilltryourbesttogettheteamwheretheyneedtobe.”HesaidclimatechangehadalreadyaffectedtheseaaroundAntarcticaandiswarmingsomecoastalwaters.“Futurewarmingmaymakesomehabitatswarm.Wherethesehabitatssupportuniquespeciesthatar

23、eadaptedtolovethecoldandnotthewarm，thosespeciesaregoingtoeithermoveordie.” ThereisgrowingconcernaboutthepossibleimpactofclimatechangeintheAntarctic.Earlierthismonth，areportrevealedthatmeltingicesheetsinGreenlandandAntarcticaarespeedingupthealreadyfastpaceofthesealevelrise.Theresearch，publishedbythe

24、NationalAcademiesofScience，EngineeringandMedicine，said，“Atthecurrentrate，theworld’soceanwillbe，onaverage，atleast60cmhigherbytheendofthecentury.”However，itfoundthattheprocessis4accelerating，andmorethanthreequartersoftheaccelerationsince1993isduetomeltingicesheetsinGreenlandandAntarctica，thestudyshows

25、. 語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。南極地區(qū)的拉森C冰架崩解形成了一座巨大的冰山——A68冰山。冰山下面顯現(xiàn)的新的海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)為科學家提供了研究未知的海洋生物的機會。 5．Whyarethescientistseagertogototheiceberg? A．Tostudyhowtheicebergwasformed. B．Tostudyanewlydiscoveredecosystem. C．Toexploreanewwaytopreventclimatechange. D．ToexplorethegeographyoftheLarsenCiceshelf. 答案　B 解析　

26、細節(jié)理解題。由第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Nowscientistssayitisaraceagainsttimetoexplorethesenewecosystemsbeforetheyaretransformedtothelight.”可知，科學家著急趕去世界最大的冰山是為了在其受到光照影響之前研究這座冰山下面的新的海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選B。 6．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thisone”inthefourthparagraphreferto? A．TheLarsenCiceshelf. B．ClimatechangeinAntarctica. C．TheA68icebe

27、rgwiththeecosystembeneathit. D．TheconditionofanimalspeciesinAntarctica. 答案　C 解析　代詞指代題。由第三段“ThecalvingofA68providesuswithauniqueopportunitytostudymarinelife...”可知，A68冰山的形成為科學家提供了研究海洋生物的獨一無二的機會，所以ProfessorDavidVaughan認為科學家要果敢地抓住這次機會，故thisone指的是A68冰山和它下面的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選C。 7．WhatcanwelearnabouttheA68iceberg

28、fromthetext? A．ItisasbigasLondon. B．ItispartofaniceshelfintheArctic. C．Itwilldisappearinaveryshorttime. D．IthasuncoveredanunknownecosysteminAntarctica. 答案　D 解析　細節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“...whichisfourtimesbiggerthanLondon...”可知A選項錯誤；由第四段第二句中的“LarsenCisalongwaysouthandthere’slotsofseaiceinthearea...”可知拉森C冰架

29、位于南極地區(qū)，故B選項錯誤；由第一段最后一句中的“toreachanewlyrevealedecosystemthathadbeenhiddenfor120,000yearsbelowtheLarsenCiceshelf.”可知D選項正確。C選項在文中沒有提到。 8．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph? A．ThereisnoneedtoworryaboutclimatechangeinAntarctica. B．TheicesheetsinGreenlandandAntarcticaaremeltingatasteadyrate. C．Manycre

30、atureslivingindeepwaterwilldieoutduetoclimatechange. D．By2100，thesealevelwillhaverisentoamuchhigherlevelthannow. 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“...Atthecurrentrate，theworld’soceanswillbe，onaverage，atleast60cmhigherbytheendofthecentury.”可推測D選項正確。 Ⅰ.障礙詞匯突破 (一)閱讀下列句子，并根據(jù)句意猜測畫線部分的意思 1．Inthecurrentglobale

31、conomy，peaceisthepreconditionandguaranteeforstabledevelopment. 前提 2．Aspeopleaccumulatemorewealth，theytendtospendagreaterproportionoftheirincome，enjoyinglife.積累 3．ItisoneofEurope’sfinestaquariums(水族館)，whichishometovariousseafishandothermarineanimals.海洋的 4．Basedonthenewtheory，onedaywe’llbeabletoac

32、celeratehealinginhumansbyturningoffthep21gene.加速 (二)同義詞語替換 5．Somechopsticksgrowmould(霉) whenexposedtodampairforalongtime，whichmayleadtolivercancer(肝癌)，thereportsaid.wet 6．Mothernatureisfullofwonders.Creaturesastinyasabutterflycandothingswecouldneverhaveimagined.small 7．Attheyoungageof21，SwiftTay

33、lorhasalreadymadeamajorimpactonmusicandhasbeenanincrediblerolemodelforyoungwomeneverywhere.influence/effect (三)一詞多義 8．causev．導致n．原因；事業(yè) (1)Weshouldbedevotedtofurtheringthecauseofculturalcooperation.n.事業(yè) (2)Itissaidthatglobalwarmingiscausedbytheactivitiesofhumans.v.導致 (3)Carsareoneoftheleadingcau

34、sesofairpollutionintheworldtoday.n.原因 9．currentadj.當前的n．(氣/水/電/洋)流 (1)ProfessorHeidiJohansen-Berg，aneurologist(神經(jīng)學者) atOxfordUniversity，hasdiscoveredthatfiringatinyelectricalcurrenttopartofthebraincanhelppeoplelearnfaster.n.(電)流 (2)Hewantstosellthehouseforitscurrentmarketvalue.adj.當前的 10．formn．形

35、式；種類；表格v.形成 (1)Poetsusemanydifferentformsofpoetrytoexpressthemselves.n.種類 (2)Badhabits，onceformed，aredifficulttogiveuporcorrect.v.形成 (3)Ahouseholdheaterabsorbsenergyintheformofelectriccurrentandreleasesitintheformofheat.n.形式 (4)Youwillbeaskedtofillinaformwithdetailsofyourbirthandoccupation.n.表格

36、 Ⅱ.長難句理解 11．Asthewarm，dampairispulledintoastormsystem，itleavesalow-pressurevacuum(真空) comingafter. [句式分析]　本句是一個主從復合句。其中as引導的是時間狀語從句；主句中的謂語動詞為leaves，表示“留下”。 [精美譯文]　當溫暖潮濕的空氣被吸入風暴中時，會留下一個低壓真空帶。 12．Thescientists，ledbytheBritishAntarcticSurvey(BAS)，aretryingtoreachanewlyrevealedecosystemthathadbeenhi

37、ddenfor120,000yearsbelowtheLarsenCiceshelf. [句式分析]　本句是一個主從復合句。其中主句主語為thescientists，ledby為過去分詞作定語；謂語動詞為aretrying，that引導的是一個定語從句，修飾先行詞anewlyrevealedecosystem。 [精美譯文]　由英國南極調(diào)查局(BAS)領導的科學家們正試圖找到一個新發(fā)現(xiàn)的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，這個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)在拉森C冰架下隱藏了12萬年。 強化練(十七) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A MostofBangladeshisatorbelowsealevel.Risingseawatersli

38、nkedtoclimatechangehasseverelyaffectedthecountry.Highwaterfromstormsincoastalareasalsoaddssalttosoil.Thelandisbecomingsalty.Cropsarelessproductiveandmanyareasofcroplandinthecountryarebecomingunfitforfarming.Thesearebigproblemsforthesmallcountry.Morethan155millionpeopleliveinBangladesh.Growingcropsis

39、themostcommonwayBangladeshissupportthemselves. Tofindawayout，farmersinthecountryarelearningtogrowvegetablesinso-called“verticalgardens”．Thesoilinthesegardensisbetterbecauseheavyrainshaveremovedmuchofthesalt. Averticalgardeniseasytomake.Villagersfillcontainerswithgoodsoilandnaturalfertilizers.Theyp

40、utthecontainersonbrickssotheyareofftheground.Theyaddpiecesofthebrickstothesoiltohelpwaterflowanddrain(排水)． Thefarmerscutsmallholesintothesidesofthecontainers.Thispermitsvegetableswithshortrootsaplacetogrow.Vegetableswithlongrootsgrowontopofthecontainer.Onebagofsoilcanproduceuptoeightkilogramsofvege

41、tablesinoneseason. Thefarmersalsogrowvegetablesincontainersmadefromlarge，thinpiecesofplasticsupportedbybamboo.This“verticaltower”measuresmorethanameterwide.Eachofthesetowerscanproducemorethan100kilogramsofvegetables.Itcostsabout$12－$13tobuild. 語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文?！稗r(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量減少”是孟加拉國的一個大問題。為了找到出路，這個國家的農(nóng)民正在學習在

42、所謂的“垂直花園”里種植蔬菜。 1．WhatismentionedasabigproblemforBangladesh? A．Severeclimateconditions. B．Toomanypeopletosupport. C．Lackofenoughfreshwater. D．Reducedcropproductivity. 答案　D 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Cropsarelessproductiveandmanyareasofcroplandinthecountryarebecomingunfitforfarming.Thesearebigproblems

43、forthesmallcountry.”可知，“農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量減少”是孟加拉國的一個大問題。故選D。 2．Whichmainlymakesvegetablegrowinginverticalgardenssuccessful? A．Placesinthesoilforroots. B．Heavyrainskeptinthesoil. C．Thegoodsoilwithlittlesalt. D．Brickpiecesaddedtothesoil. 答案　C 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Thesoilinthesegardensisbetterbecauseheavyrains

44、haveremovedmuchofthesalt.”可知，少鹽的好土讓垂直花園的蔬菜種植成功。故選C。 3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph3referto? A．Bricks. B．Fertilizers. C．Villagers. D．Containers. 答案　D 解析　代詞指代題。根據(jù)第三段可知，垂直花園很容易建造。村民們用好土和天然肥料裝滿容器。他們把容器放在磚上，這樣它們就離地了。他們在土壤中加入磚塊來幫助水流和排水。由此推知畫線詞they指代的是“容器”。故選D。 4．Whatcanweinferaboutthev

45、erticaltower? A．Itisofftheground. B．Itdrainsveryimproperly. C．Itusesbambooforcontainers. D．Itisunfitforgrowingvegetables. 答案　A 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段前兩句“Thefarmersalsogrowvegetablesincontainersmadefromlarge，thinpiecesofplasticsupportedbybamboo.This‘verticaltower’measuresmorethanameterwide.”可知，農(nóng)民們也在由竹

46、子支撐的大而薄的塑料片制成的容器里種植蔬菜。這個“verticaltower”有一米多寬。故選A。 B (2019·河南新鄉(xiāng)二模) WhenIwasfiveorsixyearsold, IrememberwatchingTVandseeingotherchildrensufferinotherpartsoftheworld.Iwouldsaytomyself, “WhenIgrowup, whenIcangetrich, Iwillsavekidsallovertheworld.” At17, IstartedmycareerhereinAmerica, andbytheageof18

47、, Istartedmyfirstcharityorganization.Iwentontoteamupwithotherorganizationsinthefollowingyears, andmet, helped, andevenlostsomeofthemostbeautifulsouls, fromsix-year-oldJasminaAnemawhopassedawayin2010fromleukemia(白血病), whosestoryinspiredthousandstovolunteerasdonors, to2012whengrandmotherlostherbattlew

48、ithcancer, whichistheveryreasonandthedrivingforcebehindtheClaraLionelFoundation(CLF)．We’reallhuman.Andwealljustwantachance: achanceatlife, achanceineducation, achanceatafuture, really.AndatCLF, ourmissionistoimpactasmanylivesaspossible, butitstartswithjustone. Peoplemakeitseemtoohardtodocharitywork

49、.Thetruthis, youdon’thavetoberichtohelpothers.Youdon’tneedtobefamous.Youdon’tevenhavetobecollege-educated.Butitstartswithyourneighbor，thepersonrightnexttoyou，thepersonsittingnexttoyouinclass，thekiddowntheblockinyourneighborhood.Youjustdowhateveryoucantohelpinanywaythatyoucan.Andtoday，Iwanttochalleng

50、eeachofyoutomakeacommitmenttohelponeperson，oneorganization，onesituationthattouchesyourheart.Mygrandmotheralwaysusedtosay, “Ifyou’vegotadollar, there’splentytoshare.” 語篇解讀　文章介紹了作者從小立志要幫助其他孩子，在作者祖母去世后，作者成立了CLF幫助身邊的人，作者建議人們做一些小事情幫助身邊的人。 5．Whatdidtheauthorwanttodoatayoungage? A．WatchTV. B．Growupqui

51、ckly. C．Becomewealthy. D．Helpotherchildren. 答案　D 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，特別是最后一句“WhenIgrowup, whenIcangetrich, Iwillsavekidsallovertheworld.”可知，作者小的時候想要幫助其他的孩子。故選D。 6．WhatdirectlycausedtheauthortocreateanddeveloptheCLF? A．Asix-year-oldkid’srequest. B．Hergrandmother’sdeathofcancer. C．Manyvolunteers’i

52、nspiration. D．Otherorganizations’encouragement. 答案　B 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的句子“...whengrandmotherlostherbattlewithcancer, whichistheveryreasonandthedrivingforcebehindtheClaraLionelFoundation( CLF)．”可知，作者的祖母因癌癥去世導致她成立了CLF。故選B。 7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“one”inParagraph2referto? A．Achance. B．Atask. C

53、．Alife. D．Anorganization. 答案　C 解析　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前面的句子“AndatCLF, ourmissionistoimpactasmanylivesaspossible...”可知下文的one指的是上文的manylives其中之一。故選C。 8．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledointhelastparagraph? A．Dolittlethingstohelpthosearoundthem. B．Workhardtogetacollegeeducation. C．Challengetheirfriendstooff

54、erhelp. D．Docharityworkwhateveryouare. 答案　A 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的句子“Youjustdowhateveryoucantohelpinanywaythatyoucan.”可知，作者建議人們做一些小事情幫助身邊的人。故選A。 C (2018·浙江第二次聯(lián)盟聯(lián)考) Whenourdaughter，Sandy，belongedtotheSt.MarkEvangelicalLutheranGirlPioneersinsixthgrade，theleadersthoughtitwouldbeniceifthegirlsmadepine

55、conewreaths(花環(huán)) fortheirfamiliesasChristmasgifts.Sothegroupgatheredpinecones，puttheminwaterandboughtwirewreathframesandadhesive(黏合劑) toholdeverythinginplace.AfewdaysbeforeChristmas，theyandtheirleadersdeliveredthefinishedhandiwork. Throughtheyears，weproudlyhungupherwreatheachChristmas.In1986，thewrea

56、thwashangingonourdoorasusualwhenthetemperatureonChristmasDayreached80degrees.Theadhesivebegantobreakdownandthepineconesstartedfallingalloverourfrontporch.Wetookthewreathdown，planningtorepairit，andgatheredupthepinecones.Thatspring，asmyhusband，Don，wasweedingtheflowerbedinfrontofourhouse，hewassurprised

57、todiscoverasmallevergreenplant. Wedecidedtoleaveitalone.Thedeterminedtreekeptgrowing，makingitrightthroughthelongwinter.Whenitgottoobigfortheflowerbedwemovedittothebackofourlot.Asthetreegrew，sodidourfamily，includingfourgrandchildren.Onedaythemenfromtheelectriccompanycametotrim(修剪) ourtrees.Oneofthem

58、saiditwasashamethatsomedayourniceevergreenwouldhavetobecutdown.Wejustcouldn’tletthathappentoourfaithful—ifaccidental—Christmastree. Wedecidedtomoveitagain，thistimetoSandyandherhusbandJoel’snewhouseinthecountry.MyhusbandhelpedJoeldigtheevergreenout.Itwasn’treadytoletgowithoutafight.Finally，fivehours

59、later，thetreecameloose.TheywrappedtherootsasbestastheycouldandputthewholethinginJoel’struck. Afteranhour’sdrivetheyplantedthetree.I’mhappytoreportthatourbraveevergreenisstillgrowing，nowproducingpineconesofitsown. 語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者的女兒六年級時聽從她所參加的St.Mark Evangelical Lutheran Girl Pioneers的領導的安排，用

60、松球做一個花環(huán)來作為家人的圣誕禮物。后來這個花環(huán)的松球掉落在她家門廊前(的土里)，長出了一棵松樹(西方通常用松樹做圣誕樹)，他們一家非常珍惜這棵樹。 9．WhatwasaChristmastraditionforthefamily? A．Makingdisheswithpinecones. B．MakingwreathstogetherwithSandy. C．HangingSandy’shandiworkonthedoor. D．DecoratingtheChristmastreetogether. 答案　C 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容尤其是最后一句中的“theya

61、ndtheirleadersdeliveredthefinishedhandiwork”可知，桑迪在六年級時用松球做了這個手工花環(huán)作為圣誕禮物，根據(jù)第二段中的“Throughtheyears，weproudlyhungupherwreatheachChristmas...onourdoorasusual”可知，作者一家每個圣誕節(jié)都會驕傲地在門上掛上桑迪做的松球花環(huán)。 10．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout? A．Whatthegoodolddayswerelike. B．Howthefamilytookcareofthewreaths. C．Whattheirat

62、titudetowardChristmaswas. D．Howthefamily“treasure”cameintobeing. 答案　D 解析　段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容尤其是最后一句可知，本段主要講述作者一家將松球花環(huán)懸掛在門上，有一年，這個花環(huán)的松球掉落在她家門廊前(的土里)，后來作者的丈夫就在花壇里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一株松樹的幼苗。由此可總結出本段主要講的是作者一家格外珍惜的松樹的由來。 11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3mean? A．Cuttingdowntheevergreen. B．Leavingtheevergreen

63、alone. C．Theman’sjudgingthefamily. D．Havingtheevergreentrimmedagain. 答案　A 解析　代詞指代題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二、三句可知，電力公司來修剪樹的人中的一個人說，有朝一日我們這棵很棒的松樹將不得不被砍掉，這是很可惜的。而畫線詞所在句表示我們絕對不會讓這樣的事發(fā)生在我們的樹身上，再結合下文中作者一家將樹移栽到別的地方可知，此處表示我們不會讓這棵松樹被砍掉。 12．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage? A．MyFamilyTradition B．MyDaughter’sGrowth C

64、．ABelovedChristmasTree D．ASpecialPineConeWreath 答案　C 解析　標題歸納題。文章雖然是用松球做的花環(huán)作為圣誕禮物引出的故事，但作者主要是描寫一棵長在自己家里的圣誕樹。所以答案為C。 Ⅱ.七選五 (2019·湖北黃岡中學三模) Duringhis2009TEDGlobaltalk，soundconsultantJulianTreasuresaidtherearefourmajorwaysthatsoundaffectshuman.Whatdofirealarms，carnoisesandalarmclocksallhaveincommo

65、n? Theirsoundaffectsusphysiologically(生理上地)．13Heartrateincreasesandbreathquickensasthebodypreparestofightapossiblethreatorrunforsurvival.Butaphysiologicalresponsetosoundisn’talwaysupsetting.Therhythmic(有節(jié)奏的 ) frequencyofoceanwavesroughlymatchestherhythmofasleepingperson’sbreathing.14 Thesecondwayso

66、undaffectsusispsychological—itmakesusfeel.Haveyoueverheardapieceofmusicthatmakesyousad？Whetherit’sasadsongthatbringstearstoyoureyesorafunnysongthatmakesyoulaugh，musiccanmakeusfeelarangeofemotions.15Whenwehearthecomfortingsingingofbirds，weknowthingsaregoodandsafe. 16Thebraintriestogetmeaningfromthewordsandsentenceswehear.Whenyourmom，dad，andlittlebrotherarealltalkingatonceatthedinnertable，thecompetingvoicesmakeithardtofocus.Ourbrainshaveaverysmallbandwidthforprocessingauditory(聽覺的) input，saysTrea