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1、Unit 1 Living well (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意 1．hearing n．　　　　　　　 聽力；聽覺 2．eyesight n. _視力 3．dictation n. 口授；聽寫(的文字) 4．entry n. 項(xiàng)目；進(jìn)入；入口 5．clumsy adj. 笨拙的 6．firm n. 公司 adj. 結(jié)實(shí)的；堅(jiān)固的；堅(jiān)定的 7．software n. 軟件 8．psychology n. 心理(學(xué)) 9．psychologically adv. 心理(學(xué))地；精神上地 10．a(chǎn)rchi

2、tect n. 建筑師 11．a(chǎn)bolish vt. 廢除；廢止 12．literature n. 文學(xué)(作品)；著作；文獻(xiàn) 13．companion n. 同伴；伙伴 14．dignity n. 尊嚴(yán)；高貴的品質(zhì) Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——————寫其形 1．noisy adj. 吵鬧的；嘈雜的 2．outgoing adj. 外向的；友好的；外出的；離開的 3．a(chǎn)dapt vt. 使適應(yīng)；改編 4．fellow adj. 同伴的；同類的 n. 同伴；同志；伙伴 5．conduct_ n. 行為；品行 vt. 指揮；管理；主持

3、 6．graduation n. 畢業(yè)；畢業(yè)典禮 7．handy adj. 方便的；有用的 8．community n. 社區(qū)；團(tuán)體；社會 9．profit_ n. 收益；利潤；盈利 10．resign vi.&vt. 辭職；辭去(工作、職位等) 11．a(chǎn)dequate adj. 足夠的；充分的 Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變 1．suitable adj.適合的；適宜的→suit v．適合 n．西服；套裝 2．beneficial adj.有益的；受益的→benefit n．優(yōu)勢；益處 v．對……有益 3．disability n．傷殘；無力；無能

4、；殘疾→disabled adj.傷殘的→disable v．使殘疾；使失去能力→able adj.有能力的→enable v．使能夠→ability n．能力[縱聯(lián)1] 4．a(chǎn)mbition n．雄心；野心→ambitious adj.有雄心的；有野心的[縱聯(lián)2] 5．a(chǎn)bsence n．缺席；不在某處→absent adj.缺席的；不在的 6．a(chǎn)nnoy vt.使……不悅；惹惱→annoyed adj.頗為生氣的→annoying adj.使人煩惱的→annoyance n．煩惱[縱聯(lián)3] 7．encouragement n．鼓勵；獎勵→encourage v．鼓勵；鼓舞→

5、encouraging adj.鼓舞人心的→discourage v．阻止；使灰心→courage n．勇氣；膽量 8．a(chǎn)ssistance n．協(xié)助；援助→assist v．幫助；援助→assistant n．助手 9．congratulate vt.祝賀；慶賀→congratulation n．祝賀；賀詞 10．a(chǎn)ccess n．(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性 v．到達(dá)→accessible adj.可接近的；可進(jìn)入的；可使用的[縱聯(lián)4] 11．a(chǎn)pproval n．贊成；認(rèn)可→approve v．支持；贊成；同意→disapprove v．不贊成[縱聯(lián)5] 縱聯(lián)1.

6、“dis-”前綴表示“不；非；相反；相對” ①disability n．傷殘；無能　 　　 ②discourage v．阻止；使灰心 ③discomfort n．&v.(使)不舒服 ④disappear v．消失 ⑤disadvantage n．不利條件 ⑥dishonest adj.不誠實(shí)的 縱聯(lián)2.“目標(biāo)、夢想、抱負(fù)”不可少 ①ambition n．雄心；野心 ②purpose n．目的；意圖 ③target n．目標(biāo)；對象 ④dream n．夢想 ⑤aim n．&v.目標(biāo)；目的 ⑥goal n．目標(biāo) 縱聯(lián)3.真的“生氣”了 ①annoy vt.使……

7、不悅 ②explode v．勃然大怒 ③mad/crazy adj.氣憤的 ④angry adj. 生氣的 ⑤anger n. 生氣 ⑥upset v．使生氣 縱聯(lián)4.看我們“雙胞胎”兄弟像不像 ①access (到達(dá))→assess (評估) ②flash (閃光)→flesh (肉體) ③expect (期待)→expert (專家) ④divorce (離婚)→diverse (不同的) ⑤aboard (在船上)→abroad (在國外) ⑥adapt (改編；使適應(yīng))→adopt (采納；收養(yǎng)) 縱聯(lián)5.以“-val”結(jié)尾的名詞 ①approve→a

8、pproval 贊成 ②remove→removal 移除 ③arrive→arrival 到達(dá) ④survive→survival 生存 單元話題——生活態(tài)度 子話題1　積極的生活態(tài)度 ①positive adj. 積極樂觀的 ②determined adj. 堅(jiān)定的 ③independent adj. 獨(dú)立的 ④optimistic adj. 樂觀的 ⑤generous adj. 慷慨的；寬宏大量的 ⑥diligent adj. 勤奮的 ⑦confident adj. 自信的，確信的 ⑧dedicated/devot

9、ed adj. 有奉獻(xiàn)精神的 子話題2　消極的生活態(tài)度 ①worried adj. 悶悶不樂的，焦慮的 ②indifferent adj. 漠不關(guān)心的 ③pessimism n. 悲觀，悲觀主義 ④depressed adj. 消沉的 ⑤gloomy adj. 令人沮喪的，陰郁的 ⑥pessimistic adj. 悲觀的 ⑦negative adj. 消極的 ⑧unconcerned adj. 不關(guān)心的 [學(xué)考對接·活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用 1．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ閱讀D)What's the problem?

10、 It's possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence.It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging, or we think it's 　?　 (annoy) and unnecessary.But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the

11、trouble.Experts say it's an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits?. ①用annoy的正確形式填空：annoying，該單詞的另一個形容詞為annoyed，意為“惱火的” ②寫出benefit在本單元的同根形容詞：beneficial，該形容詞相當(dāng)于be of benefit 2．(2016·浙江高考任務(wù)型閱讀)As a first-year, I was afraid to make any 　?　 (noisy) towards campus issues that I notice

12、d. It was not until I became involved in student government that I gained the confidence to handle projects that I created with the help of ASUCR Office of the President. During my first quarter, I spoke directly to the Chancellor (校長), asking him for support towards my initiatives (提議), met with

13、the Vice Chancellors, and cooperated with my teaching assistants? to begin my undergraduate research project. Nothing good will happen when you are silent. ①用noisy的適當(dāng)形式填空：noise ②寫出加彩詞在本單元中的同根名詞：assistance，同樣表達(dá)“幫助”的單詞還有aid, help等 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的詞匯應(yīng)用 (根據(jù)漢語及提示詞翻譯句子) 1．(2018·北京高考書面表達(dá))我告訴他們飲茶對身體有益，并且鼓勵

14、他們學(xué)習(xí)怎樣制作茶。(beneficial, encourage) I_told_them_that_drinking_tea_is_beneficial_to_our_health_and_encouraged_them_to_learn_how_to_make_tea. 2．(2018·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))我們不僅有機(jī)會免費(fèi)學(xué)籃球課程，而且我們學(xué)校也會舉辦各種各樣的體育比賽。(access) Not_only_do_we_have_free_access_to_basketball_courses,_but_also_our_school_holds_various_kinds_of_

15、sports_competitions. (二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑 1．a(chǎn)dapt vt.使適應(yīng)；改編 [記牢] (1)adapt to　　　　　　　 適應(yīng)/適合…… adapt oneself to 使自己適應(yīng)…… adapt ...to do ... 調(diào)整……以做…… (2)adapt ...from 根據(jù)……改編…… adapt ...for 把……改寫/改編成…… (3)adaptation n. 適應(yīng)；改編；改寫本 [練通]　單句語法填空 ①Third-culture kids may not be able to adapt themselve

16、s (they) completely to their new surroundings as expected. ②Adapted (adapt) from J．K.Rowling's book series of the same title, the “Harry Potter” movies are universally acknowledged as classics. ③The famous expert adapted his speech to_suit (suit) the interests of his audience. ④Mike, Mary and I h

17、ad a discussion about the adaptation (adapt) of the classic literature yesterday. [寫美]　翻譯句子 ⑤(2018·北京高考書面表達(dá))參加一些網(wǎng)絡(luò)漢語口語課程可幫助你適應(yīng)漢語的語言環(huán)境。 Taking_some_online_courses_of_spoken_Chinese_can_be_helpful_for_you_to_adapt_to_the_Chinese_language_environment. 2．a(chǎn)bsence n．缺席；不在某處 [記牢] (1)absence from　　　　　

18、 缺席；不在 absence of mind 心不在焉 in one's absence 某人不在時 in the absence of 不在；缺少 (2)absent adj. 缺席的；不在的；心不在焉的 be absent from 不參加；缺席 absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的；健忘的 [練通]　單句語法填空 ①(2017·全國卷Ⅲ)In the _absence (absent) of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. ②What I failed to expe

19、ct was that several students were absent (absence) from such an important exam. [寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子 ③(2017·11月浙江高考寫作)如果媽媽不那么健忘的話，我們不會那么麻煩，一次次回來。 If_Mom_hadn't_been_that_absent-minded,_it would have saved us the trouble of going back again and again. 3．a(chǎn)nnoy vt.使……不悅；惹惱 [記牢] (1)annoyed adj.　　　　　　 頗為生氣的；惱

20、火的 be annoyed with sb. 對某人生氣 be annoyed at/about sth. 因某事生氣 (2)annoying adj. 使人煩惱的 [練通]　單句語法填空 ①I did get a bit annoyed (annoy) because we had cheese sandwiches every lunchtime. ②The boss was annoyed with him because he was often late for work this month. ③(2016·天津高考)It was really annoy

21、ing (annoy); I couldn't get access to the data bank you had recommended. ④I was annoyed at/about his attitude towards the thing. [寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子 ⑤(2016·江蘇高考書面表達(dá))說實(shí)話，選民有時候感到煩惱，不是因?yàn)樗麄冇憛捦镀?，而是因?yàn)樗麄冊谇楦泻凸街g存在分歧。 To_be_honest,_voters_sometimes_feel_annoyed,_not because they hate voting, but because they are

22、divided between emotion and fairness. 4．conduct n．行為；品行 vt.指揮；管理；主持 [記牢] (1)improper/violent conduct　　　 不恰當(dāng)?shù)?暴力的行為 conduct of sth. ……的管理/經(jīng)營方式 (2)conduct sb. around 帶領(lǐng)某人參觀 conduct an experiment 做實(shí)驗(yàn) conduct a concert 指揮音樂會 conduct a survey/an investigation 開展調(diào)查 conduct oneself 表現(xiàn)

23、；為人 [練通]　單句語法填空 ①(2018·6月浙江高考)The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself_as a good neighbor should. ②They needed a dependable legal environment for the conduct of their business. ③(2016·6月浙江高考)To return to the problem of water pollution, I'd like you to look at a stu

24、dy conducted (conduct) in Australia in 2012.　　　　　 [用準(zhǔn)]　conduct oneself 指的是一個人的舉止和行為表現(xiàn)，可好可差，而behave oneself意為“表現(xiàn)得體，有禮貌”，兩者之間是有一定差別的。 [寫美]　 句式升級 ④(2015·廣東高考寫作)Last month, some researchers made a new study about DNA Test, and it appeared in the foreign medical field. →A new study about DNA Test _c

25、onducted_by_some_researchers last month appeared in the foreign medical field.(過去分詞作后置定語) 5．congratulate vt.祝賀；慶賀 [記牢] (1)congratulate sb. on (doing) sth.　 就……向某人祝賀 congratulate ...for ... 因……而祝賀…… (2)congratulation n. 祝賀；賀詞；恭喜 (常用復(fù)數(shù)) congratulations to sb.on sth. 祝賀某人某事 express/send/o

26、ffer congratulations to sb.on/for sth. 因某事祝賀某人 [練通]　單句語法填空 ①Welcome to China, and congratulate for your new company in Shanghai being set up! ②—I got that job I wanted at the public library. —Congratulations (congratulate)！That's good news. ③I would like to express my congratulations to you

27、 on your receiving the first prize of the English speech contest. [用準(zhǔn)]　congratulation在用作名詞時，常常要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 [寫美]　翻譯句子 ④祝賀你在學(xué)習(xí)漢語方面取得大的進(jìn)步。 Congratulations_on_your_making_great_progress_in_learning_Chinese. 6．a(chǎn)ccess n．(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性 vt.存??；訪問 [辨清]　寫出下列句中access的詞性和含義 ①To sum up, low price, easy access

28、to information and wide use make students use computers a lot. n．可接近性 ②The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields. n．通路 ③He accessed three different files to find the correct information. vt.訪問 [記牢] (1)have/get/gain (no) access to　 有(沒有)……的機(jī)會；可以(無法)獲取/進(jìn)入/接近 give access to 準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入(接近)

29、 (2)accessible adj.　　 　 可接近的；可進(jìn)入的；可使用的 be accessible to　　　 　　　 可接近；可靠近；可使用 [練通]　單句語法填空 ④(2018·江蘇高考)Kids shouldn't have access to violent films because they might imitate the things they see. ⑤He put the medicine in the top drawer to make sure it would not be accessible (access) to the kids. [用準(zhǔn)

30、]　access的本意是“進(jìn)入某一地點(diǎn)的通道或者入口”，側(cè)重于進(jìn)入的手段和途徑，其含義是抽象的，一般用作不可數(shù)名詞，常與介詞to連用，且access和accessible短語中的to都是介詞。此外，access在計(jì)算機(jī)術(shù)語中，可用作動詞，意為“訪問；存取”；其他情況下作動詞時，意為“到達(dá)；使用；進(jìn)入”。 [寫美]　 補(bǔ)全句子 ⑥(2018·北京高考書面表達(dá))鑒于你對中國文化很感興趣，我建議你申請北京大學(xué)，在那里你可以接觸到最好的中國文化。 Considering your keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest you apply for

31、Peking University, where_you_can_gain_access_to_the_best_Chinese_culture. [詞匯過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　 　 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．It was my classmates' comfort and encouragement (鼓勵) that helped me become confident. 2．Experts think that your personality can even affect how

32、 you exercise and influence what sports are suitable (適合的) for you. 3．Callari has never worked with someone with a disability (殘疾) before. 4．At the graduation (畢業(yè)) ceremony, just as she expected，she was very proud to stand with a class of care, manners and confidence. 5．I can't agree to anything

33、without my partner's _approval (贊成)． 6．The teacher punished the noisy_ (吵鬧的) children by making them stay after school. 7．Her husband's talking with full food in his mouth always annoys (使……不悅) me. 8．The young assistant often gives us timely assistance (協(xié)助) in preparing tools for experiments. 9．

34、She requested the community (社區(qū)) to turn this house into a shelter upon her death. 10．Children whose friends are outgoing (外向的) will gradually take on optimistic personality over time. Ⅱ.單句語法填空 1．She also knew from previous work conducted (conduct) on birds and dolphins that these animals put hal

35、f of their brains to sleep at a time. 2．I received some emails of_congratulations (congratulate) from my friends on my birthday. 3．In addition, the progress in acquiring cultures contributes to broadening one's horizons, which in turn is_beneficial (benefit) to one's study. 4．His latest book The

36、Social Animal, however, is more _ambitious (ambition) and serious than his earlier books. 5．As an old saying goes, “Happiness is not the absence (absent) of problems, but the ability to deal with them.” 6．All the rooms in this building are so well designed that they are accessible (access) to the

37、disabled. 7．In a word, to read the original work is better than to see the film adapted from it. 8．What you have acted shows the position is not suitable for someone like you.In other words, you have lost the chance. Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子 1．在這個貧困地區(qū)實(shí)施希望工程之前，孩子們無法接受教育。(access) Before the Hope Project was ca

38、rried out in this poor area, children had_no_access_to_education. 2．大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，我逐漸使自己適應(yīng)了獨(dú)立生活。(adapt) After graduation from college, I gradually_adapted_myself_to_living on my own. 3．警察沒有證據(jù)，只好把約翰遜放了。 (absence) In_the_absence_of_any_evidence,_the police had to let Johnson go. 4．讓我最生氣的是，昨天發(fā)生那樣的事，竟沒有收到一

39、句道歉。(annoy) What_annoyed_me_most was that I received no apology for what happened yesterday. 5．我們已經(jīng)決定對這一現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行一次徹底的調(diào)查。(conduct) We have decided_to_conduct_a_thorough_survey about this phenomenon. Ⅳ.語境辨義 根據(jù)語境選出conduct的詞性和詞義 1．My friend went home, leaving me to conduct the band.__B__ 2．He condu

40、cted himself far better than expected.__E__ 3．Under the conduct of his teacher, he is not what he used to be.__A__ 4．In addition to acquiring and testing a vehicle, the investigators decided to conduct a survey.__D__ 5．Having been conducted around the library, the visitors were shown the painting

41、 exhibition.__C__ (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) 1．in_other_words　　　　　　　 換句話說 2._adapt_to 適合；適應(yīng) [串記1] 切去；省略；停止(做某事) [串記2] 上氣不接下氣 [串記3] 總而言之 6．sit_around 閑坐著 7．a(chǎn)s_well_as 和；也 8．in_many_ways 在很多方面 9．make_fun_of 取笑 10．never_mind 不必?fù)?dān)心；沒關(guān)系 11．a(chǎn)ll_the_best (口語)(祝你)一切順利 12．meet_with 遇到

42、；經(jīng)歷；會晤 13．rather_than 而不是 [同根短語串記] 串記1.一刀“cut”掉 ①cut out 切去；省略；停止 ②cut off 切斷；隔斷；斷絕 ③cut in 插入；插話；插隊(duì) ④cut down 砍倒；削減；壓縮 ⑤cut up 切碎；割碎；剪碎 串記2.不在狀態(tài)的“out of＋n.” ①out of breath 上氣不接下氣 ②out of control 失控 ③out of date 過時 ④out of fashion 不再流行 ⑤out of order 出毛病 ⑥out o

43、f work 失業(yè) ⑦out of sight 看不見 ⑧out of question 沒問題；無疑 ⑨out of the question 不可能的 串記3.“all”短語大集會 ①all in all 總而言之 ②all the best 一切順利 ③all the same 盡管如此 ④above all 首先；最重要的是 ⑤all at once 立刻；馬上 ⑥all of a sudden 突然 ⑦after all 畢竟；終究 1．try to overcome these difficultie

44、s 　 盡力克服這些困難 2．used to_climb trees 過去常常爬樹 3．do sth.with_dignity 有尊嚴(yán)地做某事 4．find it worthwhile/meaningful 發(fā)現(xiàn)這很有意義 5．become_more independent 變得更加獨(dú)立 6．live a normal life 過著正常的生活 7．have trouble_hearing 聽力有困難 1．Sometimes, too, I was_too_weak_to_go_to_school so my education suff

45、ered. 有時，我的身體很虛弱，以至于不能去上學(xué)，因此我的學(xué)習(xí)受到了影響。 2．I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling_sorry_for_myself. 我的生活很充實(shí)，沒有時間閑坐著顧影自憐。 3．Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as_rich_and_full_a_life_as_you do. 接受他們，給予他們鼓勵，讓他們能像你一樣過得豐富多彩、充實(shí)美滿。 4．For disabled

46、 customers it_would_be_more_convenient_to_place the toilets near the entrance to the cinema. 在影院入口處的附近安置廁所會讓殘疾人感覺更加方便。 [學(xué)考對接·活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　完形中的短語(詞匯替換/補(bǔ)全句子) 1．(2015·天津高考完形填空)Surprisingly, they didn't laugh at us.They renewed their offer instead.(用本單元短語替換加彩短語)make_fun_of_ 2．(2010·湖北高考完形填空)He tau

47、ght her how to rely on her other senses, specifically her hearing, to determine where she was and how to adapt_to_her_new_environment (適應(yīng)她的新環(huán)境)． 高考采擷(二) 寫作中的短語和句式(詞匯升級/翻譯句子) 1．(2018·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports events are able to be held, of which ping-pong, f

48、ootball and running competitions enjoy great popularity.(用本單元的短語升級加彩單詞)as_well_as 2．(2018·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))首先，你提前20分鐘到更好，這樣，你能幫助主人準(zhǔn)備晚宴。(it作形式主語，現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語) To_begin_with,_it_would_be_better_to_arrive_20_minutes_earlier,_allowing_you_to_help_the_host_prepare_the_dinner. (二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑 [短語集釋] 1．in other words 換句

49、話說 [記牢] word comes/came that ...　　 有消息傳來說…… in a word 總之；簡言之 keep one's word 遵守諾言 break one's word 失信；不守諾言 have a word with ... 與……談一談 have words with ... 與……爭吵 [練通]　單句語法填空 ①Word came that Linda won first place in the English competition yesterday. ②She hoped he would keep his wo

50、rd.But her hope was a fragile thing. [用準(zhǔn)]　(1)keep/break one's word中的word 要用單數(shù)形式。(2)注意“與某人談一談”是“have a word with sb.”，而用“words”，就變成了“爭吵”。 [寫美]　翻譯句子 ③總之，我相信未來我的生活會更加富有、更加多姿多彩。 In_a_word,_I_believe_my_life_will_be_much_richer_and_more_colorful_in_the_future. ④(2018·6月浙江高考寫作)我們不知道身在何處。也就是說，我們根本回不到原

51、來那條路上。 We_had_no_idea_where_we_were._In_other_words,_we_couldn't_get_back_along_the_original_track_at_all. 2．out of breath 上氣不接下氣 [記牢] (1)hold one's breath　　　　　　 屏住呼吸 catch one's breath 喘息；恢復(fù)正常呼吸 lose one's breath 喘不過氣來 take a deep breath 深呼吸 (2)breathe v. 呼吸 [練通]　 選用上述短語填空 ①(2

52、018·北京高考)By mile 17, I became out_of_breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. ②He entered the house, but soon had to run back to catch_his_breath. ③Take_a_deep_breath,_and then you may feel relaxed. ④We all held_our_breath while Mr. Evans announced the exam results. [寫美]　翻譯句子 ⑤大約兩小時后，我們都到了

53、山頂。盡管(累得)上氣不接下氣，然而我們看到了美麗的風(fēng)景。 About_2_hours_later,_we_all_reached_the_top.Though_out_of_breath,_we_were_rewarded_with_beautiful_scenery. [句式集釋] 現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語 [教材原句]　I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling_sorry_for_myself. [悟拓展例句] (1)(2018·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))The film will be shown this Su

54、nday afternoon, lasting_2_hours,_from 4：00 to 6：00. 這部影片將在本周日下午放映，持續(xù)兩個小時，從4：00到6：00。 (2)(2017·天津高考)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing_more_patients_to_be_treated. 近期這個醫(yī)院得到了新的醫(yī)療設(shè)備，使得更多的病人得到治療。 (3)Class being over, the children went home. 一放學(xué)，孩子們就回家了。 (4)The work

55、done,_we went home. 工作完成后，我們就回家了。 [析用法規(guī)則] 用法歸納 (1)現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)作狀語可以表示時間、原因、結(jié)果、方式或伴隨情況等，可相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句。如：Finding the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level. ＝As/Because she found the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level. (2)現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)作狀語，含有一般式(doing)，完成式(having d

56、one)以及完成被動式(having been done)。(3)一般情況下，現(xiàn)在或過去分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語就是句子的主語，如果作狀語的分詞的邏輯主語不和句子主語一致，分詞就要帶上自己的邏輯主語，構(gòu)成分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。 注意事項(xiàng) (1)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，如果表示否定，not放在現(xiàn)在分詞前面。(2)是用現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞作狀語的關(guān)鍵是要分清與邏輯主語之間的關(guān)系，是主動還是被動，其次就是分清楚其動作和謂語動詞動作的先后關(guān)系。 [背寫作佳句] (1)(2018·北京高考書面表達(dá))Washing the tea pots, adding tea leaves, and pouring wat

57、er into the cups, they followed my instructions and were really absorbed in charming tea culture.(要點(diǎn)句) (2)(2018·天津高考書面表達(dá))Knowing you have just won first place in the Robotics Competition, I would like to invite you to join us.(要點(diǎn)句) [詞塊、句式過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.選詞填空 in other words，

58、out of breath， adapt to， cut out， all in all， as well as， in many ways， make fun of， never mind， meet with 1．—I'm sorry for keeping you waiting. —Never_mind.I have been here only a few minutes. 2．Your performance in the exam did not reach the required standard; in_other_words,_you failed. 3．Jim

59、 likes being praised by others, but dislikes being made_fun_of. 4．Scientists think life on Mars will be better than that on Earth in_many_ways. 5．Most students have a little difficulty in adapting_to the social life after graduating from university. 6．When the children climbed up to the top of th

60、e mountain, they were all out_of_breath. 7．You can cut_out the unimportant details when reading through the article. 8．Not until he met_with the difficulty did he realize the importance of team work. 9．All_in_all,_traveling is the best choice to recharge ourselves and get ready for the new challe

61、nges. 10．It is a great honor as_well_as a pleasure for me to be praised by the teacher publicly before my classmates. Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子 1．說實(shí)在地，他很固執(zhí)，你說服不了他和我們一起去。(too ... to ...) To be honest, he_is_too_stubborn_for_you_to_persuade him to go with us. 2．我永遠(yuǎn)無法停止對閱讀的熱愛，因?yàn)闀拖裎疑钪械牧紟熞嬗岩粯印?as well as) I ca

62、n never stop the love for reading because books are like good friends as well as wise teachers in my life. 3．聚在篝火(bonfire)周圍，游客們和當(dāng)?shù)厝艘黄鹛琛?現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語) Gathering_around_the_bonfire,_ the tourists danced with the local people. 4．網(wǎng)上購物相當(dāng)方便，而且還可以買到各種廉價商品。(It＋be＋adj.＋to do) It_is_quite_convenient_to_shop_

63、online and you can also buy a wide variety of goods at a low price. 5．盡管有殘疾，杰克和其他人一樣過著正常的生活。(as ... as ...) In spite of disability, Jack can live_as_normal_a_life_as everybody else. Ⅲ.應(yīng)用文分步寫作 假定你是李華，你市將建一個大型圖書館，考慮到殘疾人的需要，請你寫一封信給負(fù)責(zé)該項(xiàng)目的總建筑師，提出一些合理化建議。要點(diǎn)如下： 1．入口處應(yīng)建設(shè)殘疾人專用坡道(ramp)。 2．閱覽室應(yīng)盡量設(shè)在一樓。 3

64、．書架高度的設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)考慮到坐輪椅的殘疾人。 注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右； 2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 第一步：準(zhǔn)確審題，理行文脈絡(luò)，擬寫作要點(diǎn) 1．審題：①文體：建議信?、谌朔Q：主要是第一和第二人稱 ③時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時 2．本文可從以下三個方面擬點(diǎn)： 開頭點(diǎn)出寫信目的(聽說對方要設(shè)計(jì)新的圖書館，寫信提出自己的建議)。 中間部分是文章的重點(diǎn)，具體陳述建議，可從①在圖書館入口處設(shè)置殘疾人專用坡道；②把閱覽室設(shè)在一樓；③對書架高度的建議三個要點(diǎn)來構(gòu)思。該部分要點(diǎn)表達(dá)要力求準(zhǔn)確，靈活且不得遺漏。 結(jié)尾表達(dá)自己的期望(希望建議實(shí)用且有益)。 要點(diǎn)1－①：我聽說您要成為

65、我們城市新的大型圖書館的總建筑師。 I_have_heard_that_you_are_to_be_the_chief_architect_for_the_new_big_library_in_our_city. 要點(diǎn)1－②：我想提出幾條建議。 I_would_like_to_offer_several_suggestions. 要點(diǎn)2－①：我建議應(yīng)該在圖書館的入口處設(shè)置專門的輪椅坡道。 I_suggest_a_special ramp_for_wheelchairs be_designed_at_the_entrance to_the_library. 要點(diǎn)2－②：閱覽室應(yīng)該設(shè)在

66、一樓。 Reading_rooms_should_be_placed_on_the_first_floor. 要點(diǎn)2－③：希望書架不能太高，不然坐在輪椅上的人夠不著。(too ...to ...) Book_shelves_are_expected_not_to_be_too_high_for_people_in_wheelchairs_to_reach. 要點(diǎn)3：我希望您會發(fā)現(xiàn)這些建議實(shí)用又有益。 I_hope_you_will_find_these_suggestions_practical_and_beneficial. 第二步：添加細(xì)節(jié)，文意更豐滿，表達(dá)更亮眼 為了使內(nèi)容更充實(shí)，我們需要對相關(guān)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行適度升級拓展。如：要點(diǎn)1－②補(bǔ)充現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，用“考慮到殘疾人的需要”來表達(dá)對殘疾人的關(guān)懷。 拓展要點(diǎn)1－②：考慮到殘疾人的需要，我想提出幾條建議。(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語) Considering_the_needs_of_disabled_people,_I_would_like_to_offer_several_suggestions. 第三步：連句成文，排語句