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1、 Unit 2　Poems 李仕才 【短文語法填空】 World Read Aloud Day is celebrated each year on the first Wednesday of March.It 1. (start) by the LitWorld.org in 2010 and has now reached 65 countries. The aim is to encourage people worldwide who cannot read to enjoy the benefits of a book.Its website asks e

2、veryone 2. (celebrate) the day by taking a book, finding an audience, and reading out aloud.It is about taking action to show the world that the right to read and write 3. (belong) to all people. The website asks 4. (visit) to join in the movement to reduce 5. number of

3、 illiterate (不識字的) people in the world.It is 6. (absolute) necessary to help those who cannot read.The website says, “It’s time to start by reading aloud to 7. might like it.Share a book with a child who might need it, share a story with someone who would treasure it, and listen patien

4、tly 8. someone else’s story as they share with you.”The United Nations says，“Literacy involves a variety of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals, to develop their knowledge, 9. to participate fully in society.”In that way, World Read Aloud Day does help make a 10.

5、 (different)． 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了World Read Aloud Day(世界朗讀日)。 1．was started　解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。World Read Aloud Day在2010年由LitWorld.org發(fā)起。根據(jù)語境可知，此處需要用start的被動形式，又因時間狀語是“in 2010”，故用一般過去時。 2．to celebrate　解析：考查動詞不定式。ask sb.to do sth.“要求某人做某事”，網(wǎng)站要求每個人通過拿本書、找到一位聽眾、大聲閱讀的方式來慶祝這個節(jié)日。 3．belongs　解析：考查主謂一致。這正是

6、采取行動向世界表明閱讀和寫作的權(quán)利屬于所有的人。根據(jù)句子成分可知，從句的主語為 the right，故填belongs。 4．visitors　解析：考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)語境可知，網(wǎng)站讓游客來參加活動，游客不止一個，且空前沒有冠詞修飾，故填visitors。 5．the　解析：考查冠詞。the number of...是固定搭配，表示“……的數(shù)量”。 6．a(chǎn)bsolutely　解析：考查副詞。幫助那些不能閱讀的人是完全有必要的。 7．whoever　解析：考查賓語從句。是開始為任何可能喜歡的人大聲朗讀的時候了。whoever引導(dǎo)賓語從句且在從句中作主語。 8．to 　解析：考查介詞。當(dāng)

7、他們與你分享時，你要耐心地傾聽某人的故事。listen to是固定搭配。 9．a(chǎn)nd 　解析：考查連詞。根據(jù)語境和句子成分可知，前后表示并列關(guān)系。 10．difference　解析：考查名詞。make a difference“有作用”，根據(jù)空前的冠詞可知，此處應(yīng)用所給詞的名詞形式。 (對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書P139) convey vt.傳達；表達；運送；傳播 convey one’s feelings/meanings 表達某人的感情/意思 convey sth.to sb.向某人表達/傳遞某物 convey sb./sth.from...to... 把某人/某物從……運

8、送到…… ①(教材原句)Others try to convey certain emotions. 有些詩則是為了傳達某種感情。 ②I found it hard __to convey__ (convey) my feelings in words. 我覺得難以用言語表達我的感情。 ③The premier __conveyed__ (convey) his sorrow to the dead and ordered the necessities should __be conveyed__ (convey) immediately to the earthquake－h(huán)it

9、 areas. 總理表達了對死者的哀悼，并命令立即把必需品運送到地震災(zāi)區(qū)。 transform vi.& vt.轉(zhuǎn)化；轉(zhuǎn)換；改造；變換 (1)transform...into...使……變成…… transform into 轉(zhuǎn)化成；改造為 be transformed from...into... 由……變成……；由……遷到…… (2)transformation n．(外觀或性質(zhì)的)改變、變革 make a/the transformation 轉(zhuǎn)變，改變 ①(教材原句)Never looking back，Transformed into stone.化為石，不回頭。

10、 ②We are living in a time of social __transformation__ (transform)．我們生活在一個社會變革的時代。 ③Hard work __transformed__ (transform) her completely into an ordinary housewife. 艱辛勞動徹底把她變成了一個普通家庭婦女。 exchange n．交換；交流；互換 vi.&vt.調(diào)換；交換 (1)make an exchange 交換 in exchange(for...)作為交換(……) (2)exchange sth.for sth

11、.以某物交換某物 exchange sth.with sb.和某人互換某物 (3)exchange experience 交流經(jīng)驗 exchange greetings 互相問候 ①(教材原句)If there had not been an exchange programme，he would not have found a sponsor to help him study abroad. 如果以前沒有交換學(xué)生的項目，他就不會找到資助人贊助他出國。 ②He exchanged an apple __for__ an orange. 他用一個蘋果換了一個橘子。 ③They

12、 have offered to release the reporters，but what do they want __in__ exchange? 他們提出可以釋放記者，但他們想要什么作為交換？ load n．負(fù)擔(dān)，負(fù)荷物(尤指沉重的) v．裝載，加重，把彈藥裝入(槍炮) (1)a load of/loads of 大量，許多 take a load off one’s mind 打消某人的顧慮 (2)load sb./sth.with sth.用……裝載…… load sb./sth.into/onto sth.把……裝入(到)…… (3)be loaded

13、with 裝滿……，充滿…… ①(教材原句)Slowly the old man carries his load. 慢慢地老人挑起(沉重的)擔(dān)子。 ②Standing on the bank，the children watched the ship __loaded__ (load) with all kinds of goods. 孩子們站在岸邊看著滿載各種貨物的輪船。 ③It is a heavy load for the single woman to support a family of three.So she has to do __loads__ (load) o

14、f things，__loading__ (load) and unloading trucks and so on.Luckily her two daughters have found jobs，which has taken a load __off__ her mind. 對于一個單身女人，養(yǎng)活一個三口之家是一個沉重負(fù)擔(dān)。因此她不得不干很多事，裝卸貨車等。幸運的是她的兩個女兒已找到了工作，這使她如釋重負(fù)。 【七選五】 In the age of the keyboard，some people seem to think handwriting lessons are

15、on the way out. Steve Graham，a literacy professor at Vanderbilt University in Nashville，Tennessee，has been hearing about the death of handwriting for the past fifteen years.__1__ He said，“If the results of a survey we have published this year are accurate，it is being taught by about ninety percent

16、of teachers in grades one to three.” Ninety percent of teachers also say they are required to teach handwriting.__2__ Professor Graham says one study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting.__3__ Others teach it for sixty

17、 to seventy minutes a day. Many adults remember learning that way－by copying letters over and over again.__4__ Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught only with itself.Instead，they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas.__5__ Teachers commonly report that

18、about one-fourth of their students has poor handwriting.Some people might think handwriting is not important anymore because of computers and voice recognition(識別) programs. A．After all，that is why we write. B．Nowadays teachers pay more and more attention to their students' writing. C．So is it st

19、ill being taught? D．But who cares if people know how to write well? E．But studies have yet to answer the question of how well they are teaching it. F．Today's thinking is that short periods of practices are better. G．He says some teachers teach handwriting for ten to fifteen minutes a day. 【解題導(dǎo)語

20、】本文主要介紹了在電腦時代，學(xué)校教授書法的現(xiàn)狀研究。 【難句分析】Professor Graham says one study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting. 分析：本句是一個復(fù)合句。that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中不作句子成分；published是過去分詞，作后置定語，修飾one study。 譯文：Graham教授說今年發(fā)布的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)大約3/4的老師說他們不準(zhǔn)備教書法。 1．C

21、　根據(jù)下文中的“it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three”可知，空處應(yīng)表示對是否要教學(xué)生書法的疑問，故C項符合語境。 2．E　根據(jù)上文中的“If the results of a survey we have published this year are accurate，it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three”及空前一句可知，此處表示對研究結(jié)果的進一步分析，故E

22、項符合語境。 3．G　根據(jù)下文中的“Others teach it for sixty to seventy minutes a day”可知，此處表示一些老師教授書法的時間，所以G項符合語境。 4．F　根據(jù)語境可知，空處與上文的“Many adults remember learning that way—by copying letters over and over again”形成對比，并與下文的“Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught only with itself”呼應(yīng)，此處講述的是學(xué)書法的方法的今昔差

23、異，故F項符合語境。 5．A　根據(jù)語境可知，空處承接上文中的“Instead，they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas”，此處表示表達想法正是我們練習(xí)書法的原因，所以A項符合語境。 take it easy 輕松；不緊張；從容 take one’s time 不匆忙，不著急，慢慢來 take...for granted 認(rèn)為……理所當(dāng)然 take...for example 以……為榜樣/例 take...as...把……當(dāng)作…… take...for...把……誤認(rèn)為……

24、take things easy 別緊張，慢慢來 take one’s chances 碰運氣 ①(教材原句)We would have won...if we hadn’t taken it easy，... 我們本來會奪冠……，如果我們沒有放松警惕，…… ②There’s no need to rush back—just take __your__ time. 不要急著趕回來——慢慢來吧。 ③Some of us always take __it__ for granted that our parents or grandparents should take care o

25、f us. 我們中的有些人理所當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為父母或者祖父母應(yīng)該照顧我們。 run out of 用盡，用完 (1)run out 用完，耗盡；到期，期滿；使跑得筋疲力盡 run across 偶然遇見(或看到) run after 追逐；追求 run away 逃走；離家出走 run into 陷入；偶遇；撞上；遇到(困難等) (2)in the long/short run 從長遠(yuǎn)/短期來看 ①(教材原句)We would have won...if we hadn’t run out of energy. 我們本來能贏的……，如果我們不是沒有力氣了。 ②We __are

26、running__ (run) out of our money. ＝Our money __is running__ (run)out. 我們的錢快花光了。 ③Worse luck！First，food and drinking water __had been used__ (use) up before we reached the destination.Then，my husband was speeding up the car when it suddenly broke down.It turned out that the gas __had run__ (run) o

27、ut.So we had to walk ahead along the road until my strength __gave__ (give) out.We finally made our way to a small hotel but to our despair，we found we __had run__ (run) out of our money. 真倒霉！首先，食物和飲用水在我們到達目的地以前已被用完。然后，我丈夫正開著車加速前進車突然熄火了。結(jié)果是汽油用完了。因此我們不得不步行直到力氣耗盡。我們終于走到一個小旅館但可怕的是，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)錢已花光。 　run out

28、of/run out/give out/use up run out of 意為“用完了”，是及物動詞短語，表示主動意義，主語一般是人。多用于完成時和進行時，一般不用于被動語態(tài) run out 意為“……用完了”，是不及物動詞短語，其主語通常為時間、食物、金錢等名詞 give out 意為“用盡，精疲力竭”，為不及物動詞短語 use up 意為“用完，耗盡”，為及物動詞短語 be made up of由……構(gòu)成；由……組成 (1)由……組成 (2)make up 彌補；和解；編造；整理；化妝 make up for 補償 make up a story 編故事 ma

29、ke up a team 湊足一個球隊 make up for lost time 彌補丟失的時間 (3)be made from 由……制成(看不出原料) be made of 由……制成(看得出原料) be made into 把……做成 ①(教材原句)Another simple form of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain，a poem made up of five lines. 另一種學(xué)生容易寫的詩歌形式是五行詩，一首詩由5行構(gòu)成。 ②Our class __is made__ (make) u

30、p of 60 students，of whom two fifths are girls. ＝60 students make __up__ our class，of whom two fifths are girls. ＝Our class __consists__ (consist) of 60 students，of whom two fifths are girls. 我們班由60名學(xué)生組成，五分之二的是女生。 ③單句語法填空(2017·全國卷Ⅰ)As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up __for__

31、that something missing. let out 發(fā)出(聲音)；泄露(秘密)；把(人)從……中放出；釋放；放寬(衣服)；出租 let alone 更不用說 let sb./sth.alone 不管，不干涉；置之不理 let sb.be 不干涉某人；不打擾某人 let down 放下，放低；(使人)失望 let on(to sb.) 泄露(給某人) let sth.out 泄露(秘密等)；讓……跑掉 let in 允許進入；容許；許可 ①(教材原句)Slowly the blackbird lets out a cry. 慢慢地，畫眉發(fā)出了叫聲。 ②I’m c

32、ounting on you to support me—don’t let me __down__! 我指望你支持我呢——別讓我失望！ ③I hardly had time to think these days，let __alone__ relax. 我這些天幾乎都沒時間思考，更不用說休息了。 【短文改錯】 I have met many teachers since I begin my schooling.Of all my teachers，Mrs.Green is the one who impresses me most.Though she is 50，she lo

33、oks very young at her age.Comparing with other teachers，Mrs.Green pays more attention to her way of teaching.She tries various ways to make her class lively and interestingly.In her opinion，we will not only know “what” but also understand “why”. So instead of giving us answer immediately，she encoura

34、ges us to think carefully every time when she puts forward questions.With her help, we have learned how to analyze and settled problems.What the amazing world of “why” she leads us! She is such a learned person that we all admire him very much. 【答案】　 I have met many teachers since I my schooling.

35、Of all my teachers，Mrs.Green is the one who impresses me most.Though she is 50，she looks very young her age. with other teachers，Mrs.Green pays more attention to her way of teaching.She tries various ways to make her class lively and .In her opinion，we will not only know “what” but also understand

36、 “why”. So instead of giving us immediately，she encourages us to think carefully every time she puts forward questions.With her help, we have learned how to analyze and problems.What amazing world of “why” she leads us ! She is such a learned person that we all admire very much. __Wi

37、th so many different forms of poetry to choose from__，students may eventually want to write poems of their own. 有這么多可供選擇的詩歌類型，學(xué)生們最終也許想自己作詩了。 句中的With so many different forms of poetry to choose from為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。 “with＋賓語＋賓語補足語”這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱作with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作狀語，表示方式/原因/條件等，也可作定語。結(jié)構(gòu)如下： (1)with＋賓語＋doing(

38、doing表主動或正在進行) (2)with＋賓語＋adj.(adj.表狀態(tài)) (3)with＋賓語＋adv.(adv.表狀態(tài)) (4)with＋賓語＋done(done表完成或被動) (5)with＋賓語＋介詞短語(表狀態(tài)) (6)with＋賓語＋to do(表將來，有時用主動形式表示被動意義) ①He lay on the grass with his eyes __looking__ (look) at the sky. 他躺在草地上，兩眼望著天空。(伴隨狀語) ②With his hair __cut__ (cut)，he looked much younger. 理

39、了頭發(fā)，他顯得年輕多了。(原因狀語) ③With a lot of homework __to do__ (do)，I can’t go skating with you. 因為有很多作業(yè)要做，我不能和你一起去滑冰了。(原因狀語) ④In summer，she usually sleeps with the windows __open__ (open)． 夏天，她通常開著窗子睡覺。(伴隨狀語) ⑤With the problem __solved__ (solve)，we went on smoothly. 問題解決了，我們進展地很順利。(原因狀語) ⑥單句語法填空(2017·

40、浙江卷)With one hand __on__ the bars, he fired the spray at the wolf. 【閱讀理解】 The United Arab Emirates(UAE) government announced it had elected 60 “Chief Happiness Officers” to study happiness and how to spread it abroad. Currently ranked 28th out of over 150 countries surveyed in the United Nations'

41、2016 World Happiness Report, the UAE wants to sit within the top five by 2021. “We seek to create a society where our people's happiness is primary，” declared the UAE's Vice President and Prime Minister. Since the new minister took office, people working in the civil service have attended a series

42、of happiness seminars to learn more about the plan. Dubai Police has renamed its community service department the “General Department for Community Happiness” and the force often adds # YourSecurityOurHappiness to their tweets (用推特發(fā)送的信息). Meanwhile, various government agencies have changed t

43、he language of their customer surveys to find out if people are “happy rather than just satisfied” with the services, and some have investigated social media followers to see if their Instagram and Facebook posts bring happiness. Meik Wiking, an independent think tank in Denmark, the country which

44、tops the UN's happy table, thinks governments can and should play a role in public happiness. “The aim of public policy should be to improve the quality of life for people，” he says. Sonia Edwards, who has lived in the UAE for over a decade, says：“I think it's a bit of a public relations gimmick t

45、o be honest. I think the government wants to be seen to be making things better through this plan but I don't know how much effect it will really have.” Edwards in Dubai adds：“There are a lot of issues here around job insecurity, workplace discrimination, high rents and expensive school fees, so i

46、f those were dealt with, we'd all be happier, but overall, happiness is not just up to the government, it's also up to individuals and their own mindsets.” 【文章大意】　阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長國采取措施，致力于提升人們的幸福感，人們對此有不同的看法。 8. What does the UAE government intend to do? A．Create a perfect society. B．Build a hap

47、pier country. C．Promote international trades. D．Show its status in the world. 答案與解析：B'考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Currently ranked 28th...the UAE wants to sit within the top five by 2021.‘We seek to create a society where our people's happiness is primary’”可知，阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長國在2016年聯(lián)合國發(fā)布的世界幸福報告中排在第28位，它想在2021年之前進入前五名，

48、因此該國政府在采取措施，致力于提升人們的幸福感，即打造一個更幸福的國度。 1. What is one of the measures the UAE takes? A．Hold happiness seminars for civil servants. B．Give government agencies new names. C．Look through people's online posts. D．Change the daily language. 答案與解析：A'考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Since the new minister took office, p

49、eople working in the civil service have attended a series of happiness seminars to learn more about the plan.”可知，新總理上臺之后，公務(wù)員參加了一系列有關(guān)幸福的研討會以更多地了解這項計劃，故選A。 2. What does the underlined word “gimmick” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Improvement.　　　B．Principle. C．Transformation. D．Trick. 答案與解析：D'考查詞義猜測

50、。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“it's a bit of a public relations...”和其后的“I think the government wants to be seen to be making things better through this plan but I don't know how much effect it will really have.”可知，Sonia Edwards認(rèn)為政府此舉意在通過這個計劃讓人們看到他們正在使事情變得更好，但她不知道這個計劃究竟會有多大效果，故可以推斷她認(rèn)為此舉是公共關(guān)系的花招，是在作秀。 3. What might Meik

51、 Wiking and Edwards both agree with? A．The government misses the point. B．Happiness is somewhat subjective. C．Policy makers count as to people's well-being. D．The effects of the happiness plan are uncertain. 答案與解析：C'考查推理判斷。由第三段中的“governments can and should play a role in public happiness‘The aim of public policy should be to improve the quality of life for people’”和最后一段中的Edwards所說的話尤其是“if those were dealt with, we'd all be happier, but overall, happiness is not just up to the government”可知，他們可能都贊同的是，政策制定者在人們的幸福方面起著重要作用。 11