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1、2019年高考英語(yǔ)真題和模擬題分項(xiàng)匯編 專題03非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和交際用語(yǔ) 一、2019年高考真題 1.【2019·江蘇卷·單項(xiàng)填空】 30.__________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones. A. To enjoy B. Enjoying C. To have enjoyed D. Enjoy 【答案】A 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處是不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。句意：為了享受數(shù)字支付的方便，很多老年市民開始使用智能手機(jī)。故選A。 2.【2019·江蘇卷

2、·單項(xiàng)填空】 35.—Let's take a coffee break. — __________ We' ve been working for hours. A. Why bother? B. What for? C. You got me there. D. You said it. 【答案】D 【解析】考查情景對(duì)話?！湟猓何覀冃菹⒁幌潞缺Х劝??！闼阏f(shuō)對(duì)了。我們已經(jīng)工作好幾個(gè)小時(shí)了。下文說(shuō)“我們已經(jīng)工作好幾個(gè)小時(shí)了”，上文應(yīng)該是贊同這個(gè)建議。 why bother沒有必要；what for為什么；You got me there你把我搞糊涂了；You said it你

3、算說(shuō)對(duì)了，故選D。 3.【2019·天津卷·單項(xiàng)填空】4.____________ to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future. A. Learn B. Learned C. Learning D. Having learned 【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：學(xué)會(huì)批判性思維是當(dāng)代小孩未來(lái)所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主語(yǔ)成分，而過(guò)去分詞、動(dòng)詞都不可以做主語(yǔ)。此處用動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)，故選C。 4.【2019·江蘇卷·單項(xiàng)填空】 32.China's image

4、is improving steadily, with more countries__________ its role in international affairs. A. recognizing B. being recognized C. to be recognized D. recognized 【答案】A 【解析】考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：中國(guó)的形象正在穩(wěn)步提升，更多的國(guó)家認(rèn)識(shí)到中國(guó)在國(guó)際事務(wù)中的作用?！案嗟膰?guó)家”和“認(rèn)識(shí)”之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用with + 名詞 + 現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，故選A。 5.【2019·天津卷·單項(xiàng)填空】1.—I guess you want t

5、o go play tennis. —__________. That's exactly what I was thinking too. A. I didn't get it B. It's up to you C. You never know D. You read my mind 【答案】D 【解析】考查情景交際。句意：---我猜你想去打網(wǎng)球。---你猜透了我的心思。那就是我正在想著的事情。從回答的后半句可知，聽話人同意說(shuō)話人的意思。而A（不明白，不認(rèn)同某人的說(shuō)法）、B（決于你）和C（很難說(shuō)，不可預(yù)知）都不符合語(yǔ)境。“you read my mind”意為你知我心，符合語(yǔ)境

6、，故選D。 6.【2019·天津卷·單項(xiàng)填空】6.—My son got a full scholarship to his dream university! —Wow, ___________! What's he going to study? A. good for him B. go for it C. what a coincidence D. all the best 【答案】A 【解析】本題考查情景對(duì)話。句意：——我的兒子得了他夢(mèng)想大學(xué)的全額獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金?！?，對(duì)他有好處!他打算學(xué)習(xí)什么呢? good for him“對(duì)他有好處” ；go for it“努力爭(zhēng)取”； w

7、hat a coincidence“多么巧合”； all the best“祝一切順利（祝酒告別時(shí)說(shuō)）”。故選A。 6.【2019·天津卷·單項(xiàng)填空】12.The professor warned tie students that on no account _____________ use mobile phones in his class. A. should they B. they should C. dare they D. they dare 【答案】A 【解析】考查部分倒裝。句意：這位教授警告學(xué)生們，在他的課堂上，決不應(yīng)該使用手機(jī)。on no account決不，

8、否定詞放在句首，句子使用部分倒裝，應(yīng)該做should do,敢于做dare do，根據(jù)句意表示”應(yīng)該“，故選A。 9.【2019·新課標(biāo)I卷·語(yǔ)法填空】Modem methods ___of__ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___ (perform) consistently over a large area. 【答案】to perform 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。主系表結(jié)構(gòu)之后，常用不定式作原因或目的狀語(yǔ)，句意：跟

9、蹤北極熊的現(xiàn)代方法只是在二十世紀(jì)八十年代以來(lái)開始采用，并且在如此大區(qū)域內(nèi)持續(xù)采用是昂貴的，故此處用to perform。 10.【2019·新課標(biāo)I卷·語(yǔ)法填空】Scientists have responded by ___67___ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements,… 【答案】noting 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)其前介詞by可知，此處用動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式，故填noting。 11.【2019·新課標(biāo)II卷·短文改錯(cuò)】All the football player

10、s on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. 【答案】All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, that I had a talent for football. 【解析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。本句句意：操場(chǎng)上所有的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員大聲歡呼，說(shuō)我有足球天賦。句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為cheered，say在這里作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。與主語(yǔ)players是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故將say改為saying。 12【2019·新課標(biāo)II卷·語(yǔ)法填空】A 90-ye

11、ar-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ___61___ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. 【答案】 being 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)其前介詞for可知，此處用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ)，故填being。 13.【2019·新課標(biāo)II卷·語(yǔ)法填空】Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene ___declared__(declare) she had no plan

12、s ___65___ (retire) from her 36-year-old business. 【答案】to retire 【解析】考查不定式作定語(yǔ)。此處用to do sth做后置定語(yǔ)，用來(lái)修飾前面的名詞plan,表示“……的計(jì)劃”，故填to retire。 14.【2019·新課標(biāo)II卷·語(yǔ)法填空】When we got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was ___a__ joke. 【答案】saying 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)其后所接的賓語(yǔ)從句可知，此處用現(xiàn)在分詞形式saying作后置定

13、語(yǔ)，解釋名詞call的內(nèi)容，call與say是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填saying。 15.【2019·新課標(biāo)III卷·語(yǔ)法填空】On our way to the house，it was raining ___so__ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ___62___ (get)there. 【答案】to retire 【解析】考查不定式。句中的would提示我們作者還沒有到達(dá)那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺謂語(yǔ)，此處應(yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，故填to get。 16.【2019·新課標(biāo)III卷·語(yǔ)法填空】

14、On the last day of our week-long stay，we _were invited__(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals. 【答案】listening 【解析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。本句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為“were invited”，所以70題空格處動(dòng)詞listen應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。聽音樂(lè)這個(gè)動(dòng)作是由we發(fā)出的，所

15、以選用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。也可由and前后連接兩個(gè)并列的結(jié)構(gòu)這一規(guī)律解題，and后meeting interesting locals為分詞形式，故空格處填listening。 16.【2019·浙江卷·語(yǔ)法填空】When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings,… 【答案】cycling 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)孩子們?cè)诤诎档脑绯坎叫谢蝌T車上學(xué)時(shí)，汽車司機(jī)很容易看到它們。or連接兩個(gè)并列成分，根據(jù)or前的walking可知，此處要用cycling。故填cycling。 16.【2

16、019·浙江卷·語(yǔ)法填空】But some students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform. 【答案】to wear 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：但是，有一些學(xué)生不想穿學(xué)生服。want to do sth想要做某事，這里是動(dòng)詞不定式作to的賓語(yǔ)。故填to wear。 16.【2019·北京卷·語(yǔ)法填空】Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to _myself_(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”. 【答案】fa

17、cing 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：緊張地面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)，我知道我將輕聲對(duì)自己說(shuō)兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的字“做你自己”。分析句式可知，此處是做句子的狀語(yǔ)，要用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是I，與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填facing。 二、2019屆模擬題 1.【江蘇省鹽城中學(xué)2019屆高三年級(jí)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)】The man ________ the fake news that 18 firefighters lost their lives in the explosion was arrested. A. having circulating B. to circulate C.

18、circulating D. to have circulated 【答案】C 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：傳播18名火警在爆炸中喪生了的這條假消息的人被逮捕了。傳播假消息與the man 是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)， 故選C。 【點(diǎn)睛】區(qū)分非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主要是要區(qū)分謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序。如果同時(shí)發(fā)生或者非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去持續(xù)到謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作那個(gè)時(shí)間，一般使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式；如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在位于動(dòng)作之后，使用不定式如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，使用過(guò)去分詞。本題考查的就是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去持續(xù)到謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作那個(gè)時(shí)間的情形。 2. 【天津市南開中學(xué)2019屆高三年級(jí)模擬

19、考試】______me tomorrow and I’ll let you know the lab result. A. Calling B. Call C. To call D. Having called 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的正確形式。句意：明天給我打電話，我會(huì)告訴你實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果。此句是祈使句，故用動(dòng)詞原形。選B。 3. 【江蘇省南京市 2019 屆高三年級(jí)三?？荚嚒縒ith the number of homecoming overseas students up in recent years, the attraction of foreign degree ho

20、lders has gradually faded. A. shot B. being shot C. shooting D. to shoot 【答案】C 【解析】考查固定用法。句意：近年來(lái)，由于歸國(guó)留學(xué)生人數(shù)的激增，外國(guó)學(xué)位持有者的吸引力逐漸減弱。本句為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，shoot與overseas students構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)，故選C。 4. 【2019年天津市十二所重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高三畢業(yè)班聯(lián)考】The little boy stared at the strange man questioningly, not whether t

21、o believe what he had said. A. to know B. knowing C. known D. having known 【答案】B 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：小男孩疑惑地盯著這個(gè)陌生人，不知道自己是否該相信他說(shuō)的話。little boy與know之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示主動(dòng)，用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，故B項(xiàng)正確。 5. 【江蘇省2019屆蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市高三教學(xué)情況調(diào)查】Facial recognition technology is working well at tourist attractions around China, the t

22、ime people spend standing in lines at entries or security check. A. to reduce B. reduced C. having reduced D. reducing 【答案】D 【解析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。句意：人臉識(shí)別技術(shù)在中國(guó)各地的旅游景點(diǎn)運(yùn)行良好，減少了人們?cè)谌肟谔幓虬矙z處排隊(duì)的時(shí)間。此處是現(xiàn)在分詞最自然的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，故答案為D。 5. 【江蘇省2019屆蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市高三教學(xué)情況調(diào)查】Actors should be good observers, watching people's body langu

23、age and speaking style, and this into their own abilities to progress in acting. A. transferring B. transforming C. transporting D. transmitting 【答案】B 【解析】 【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語(yǔ)。句意：演員應(yīng)該是很好的觀察者，觀察人們的肢體語(yǔ)言和說(shuō)話風(fēng)格，并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為自己的能力，從而在表演上取得進(jìn)步。此處句子主語(yǔ)Actors和transform之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，是現(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語(yǔ)，與watching并列，故答案為D。 6.

24、【天津市北辰區(qū)2019屆高考模擬試卷】We had better put off interviewing the athlete, for he Is busy preparing for an international contest __________ in Shanghai next month. A. held B. to hold C. being held D. to be held 【答案】D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞不定式一般式的被動(dòng)式作后置定語(yǔ)。句意：我們最好推遲采訪這位運(yùn)動(dòng)員，因?yàn)樗τ跍?zhǔn)備下個(gè)月在上海舉行的國(guó)際比賽。此處contest和hold之間是一種被動(dòng)關(guān)系，這里是動(dòng)詞不定式一般式的被動(dòng)式作后置定語(yǔ)，故選D。 7