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1、2022年高中英語 Module 2 Fantasy Literature Grammar學(xué)案 外研版選修6 學(xué)習(xí)目標：學(xué)習(xí)和掌握-ing形式作狀語，作介詞賓語的用法。 方法指導(dǎo)：認真預(yù)習(xí)，在學(xué)案的指導(dǎo)下完成學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)。 學(xué)習(xí)過程： I. 閱讀下列講解，弄懂-ing的用法。 ☆一般來說，-ing形式表示主動、進行；過去分詞表示被動、完成。 ☆-ing形式作狀語，可以表示時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、行為方式、伴隨狀況等。 ▲doing sth.作時間狀語： ﹡Seeing my parents waving in the crowd，I went running to them.

2、 ﹡___________(cross) the road, the old man was knocked over by a car. =When he was crossing the road, the old man was knocked over by a car. ﹡(When) ____________the news, he got frightened. = When he heard the news, he got frightened. ﹡Having eaten his dinner, the boy rushed out. ﹡Hearing the

3、ir teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once. ﹡Having received his letter, I decided to write back. ▲doing sth.作原因狀語： __________（be） a teacher，you should help your students in every way. 作為老師，…… Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set. Not knowing her address, I can't write to her.

4、______________ (live) with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well. ______________ ( eat )too much, he couldn’t go to sleep. ▲doing sth.作結(jié)果狀語： ﹡There is mud and water everywhere, making it difficult to travel from place to place. making it difficult to travel from place to place 是結(jié)果狀語。

5、現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語表示一種必然性（自然結(jié)果）。（making 可以改為 which makes，相當于一個前因后果的非限制性定語從句。） ﹡He es home late every evening, _____________(make) his wife very angry. 他每天回來得很晚，這使他的妻子很生氣。 =He es home late every evening, which ______________ (make) his wife very angry. =He es home late every evening, and it _____________

6、 (make) his wife very angry. ﹡European football is played in more than80countries, making it one of the most popular games in the world.(NMET1998全國卷) ﹡The child slipped and fell, __________(hit) his head against the door. ﹡Her husband died ten years ago, __________ ( leave) her with three childr

7、en to look after. ﹡Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus ___________(cause ) the delay. ﹡She threw the toy on the ground, ___________(break) it into pieces. ﹡The song is sung all over the country, __________(make) it the most popular song ﹡The child fell, _________ (strike) his head again

8、st the door and _________ (cut) it. ▲doing sth.作條件狀語： Listening to English every day （If you listen to English every day），you’ll learn it well step by step. _________ (use)your head, and you’ll find a good way. _________ (work) hard, you’ll surely succeed. ___________(take)the path that lead

9、s out of the town, you will e to a lake. ___________ (turn) to the left, you will find the path leading to the park. ▲doing sth.作讓步狀語： Working so hard, he failed again. __________(live) miles away, he attended the course. 雖然住在幾英里以外，他仍去上課。 __________(defeat), he remained a popular boxer. 雖然被擊敗了，

10、他仍是一個受歡迎的拳擊手。 ☆理解技巧： 分詞(短語)用作讓步狀語通?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成由從屬連詞though, although, no matter…等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，如上面兩句也可轉(zhuǎn)換成：Although he lived miles away, he attended the course. Thought he was defeated, he remained a popular boxer. ▲doing sth.作方式狀語： He came running back to tell me the news. The children ran out of the ro

11、om, ____________(laugh) and _________(talk) merrily. They eat ___________(use) the fingers of their right hands. He earns a living driving a truck. 他靠開卡車謀取生。 ▲doing sth. 作伴隨狀語： Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way. = Four people entered the room and looked around in a cu

12、rious way. The boy sat in front of the farmhouse, ____________(cut) the branch. All night long he lay awake, ______________(think) of the problem. The six blind men stood there ______________(beg) for a meal. They stood there for half an hour _____________(watch) the stars in the sky. Don't y

13、ou sit there ____________( do) nothing. 別什么也不干坐在那里。 He came in, ______________(follow) by his wife. 他走了進來，后面跟著他的妻子。（☆過去分詞短語也可以作伴隨狀語） ☆理解技巧： 理解“伴隨狀語”的關(guān)鍵是要理解“伴隨”二字。分詞(短語)用作伴隨狀語時，它表示的動作伴隨句子謂語動作同時發(fā)生，即句子謂語所表示的動作為主要動作，分詞短語所表示的動作伴隨性的次要動作。 英語中V-ing形式作伴隨狀語時,它表示的是一個次要的動作,來對謂語表示的動作加以說明或作為陪襯。一般將其置于句

14、后,可用逗號與主句成分分開。 例如: Don’t sit there doing nothing. e and help me with this table. 不要坐在那里什么也不做;過來幫我收拾餐桌 II．關(guān)于on doing 作狀語常見問題： on prep.一……就……，后接v.-ing或表示動作的名詞。 On seeing her，the king immediately falls in love with her. 一看見她，國王就愛上了她。 ①On hearing the news，she burst into tears. 一聽到這個消息，她就大聲

15、地哭了起來。 ②On his return，he began to get down to his work. 他一回來，就開始工作了起來。 ③On/upon his arrival at the airport，he was arrested by the police.他一到機場就被警察抓住了。 1. As soon as she saw it, the woman said she did not like it. =>Seeing it, the woman said she did not like it. 2. As soon as he opens the gate

16、from the outside, he es into the garden and waits until the gate shuts. =>On opening the gate from the outside, he es into the garden and waits until the gate shuts. 3. The moment you leave this tent, you will get surprise. =>On leaving this tent, you will get surprise. 4. The vicar has been ask

17、ed to have the tree cut down. He has refused so far. =>Having been asked to have the tree cut down, the vicar has refused so far. 5. The tree was planted near the Church 50 years ago. It has gained an evil reputation only recent years. =>Planted near the Church 50 years ago, it has gained an evil

18、reputation only recent years Q1. 為什么1句用doing，2、3句用On+ doing呢？ Q2。為什么5句可以直接用被動式作狀語，而4句用現(xiàn)在分詞完成式的被動式做狀語？ 切記：on doing這個固定結(jié)構(gòu)是表示“一....就....”，跟“as soon as”完全同一個意思！1也可以說成On seeing it, the woman said she did not like it. 除了2和3之外的句子考察的都是“分詞表伴隨”這個用法．注意，分詞并不是簡單的doing．其中，“伴隨”就是伴隨狀態(tài)．是用現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，這取決于分詞這個動作與主

19、句主語的關(guān)系，是主謂關(guān)系就用現(xiàn)在分詞，動賓關(guān)系就用過去分詞．此外，分詞的時態(tài)也要跟句子時態(tài)一致，這就是為什么4那里用了現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時態(tài)，因為原句用了完成時態(tài)。 Q3。doing作狀語時，是不是就是表結(jié)果與狀態(tài)兩種，而表結(jié)果時，是否無having done 這種用法？那么having done的用法本身在非謂語里有嗎？ having done 和doing屬于同一范疇，都是屬于動詞ing型，是非謂語動詞。但是一般不會用來表結(jié)果，因為v-ing放句末就可以表結(jié)果了，為什么還要用having done 多此一舉呢？ having done一般位于句首，做伴隨或原因狀語。因為有完成態(tài)在里面，所以

20、這里面的動詞的動作要與主句動詞動作有一定時間的間隔。 如. Having finished my homework, I went out to visit Tom. III．當堂練習(xí): （I）完成教材P18；P20~21 的練習(xí)。 （II）單選題 1. Finding her car stolen, ________. A. a policeman was asked to help 　　 B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere　　 D. she hurried t

21、o a policeman for help 2. ________ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered 3. ________ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D

22、. Having not received 4. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, ________ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added 5. “Can’t you read?” Mary said, ________ to the notice. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing 6. European football is played in 80 countries, ________ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make IV．作業(yè):《狀元之路》課時作業(yè)（3）