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1、2022年高考英語二輪總復習 第25講 短文改錯學案
1. 樹語篇概念為第一要務
短文改錯不同于單句改錯,它每一句的語義表達、結構選擇都受上下文制約。如動詞時態(tài)的選擇、代詞的指代功能等都要依照上下文的線索進行判斷。解答短文改錯分3個步驟:
(1) 從語篇角度入手,讀懂中心:考生要從整體上把握全文,明確文章的題材,理解作者的意圖及語境。
(2) 從句法行文入手,理清脈絡:通讀全文,了解文章大意、寫作方式之后,應把注意力集中于句子層次上,判斷句子的表達是否符合行文邏輯。從歷年高考來看短文改錯絕大多數題目屬于句子層次問題,所以,對句子結構正確與否、前后文是否互相關聯(lián)的審查是關鍵的一步。
2、
(3) 從語法結構入手,改正錯誤:除去句法問題、行文邏輯問題之外,大約還有一半錯誤屬于語法錯誤。根據語法規(guī)則改正錯誤。
2. 尋命題規(guī)律,知解題技巧
在讀懂整篇內容的基礎上,逐句尋查錯誤,可集中于以下4點:
(1) 看上下文的邏輯是否合理;
(2) 看句子結構是否完整;
(3) 看各種詞類是否正確:主謂是否一致,時態(tài)語態(tài)是否正確,冠詞、代詞、連詞、關系代詞和關系副詞、名詞的數與格、介詞、形容詞、副詞使用是否得當;
(4) 看文中的習慣用法、固定搭配是否準確。
(xx浙江卷)
下面短文中有10處語言錯誤。請在有錯誤的地方
3、增加、刪除或修改某個單詞。
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫上該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線, 并在該詞下面寫上修改后的詞。
注意: 1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2. 只允許修改10處, 多者 ( 從第11處起 ) 不計分。
It was very nice to get your invitation to spend ∧the weekend with you. Luckily I was_am pletely free then, s
4、o I'll to\ say “yes”, I'll arrive in Bristol at around 8:00 p.m. inon Friday evening.
I was playing at my cousin house. Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toys than I did. There was one on particular I'd always wanted. I put into my pocket when he wasn't looking. I guessed, even at t
5、hat age, I would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy or faced my
cousin again; I would always know I'd done something wrong. Late on, my aunt drove me home. When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back. She knows what had happened, but she thanked me and ever menti
6、oned it again.
【答案】I was playing at my cousincousin's house. Since his family was richricher than mine, he had more toys than I did. There was one onin particular I'd always wanted. I put ∧it/that into my pocket when he wasn't looking. I guessed, even at that age, I would never be able to enjoy t
7、o\playing with the toy or facedface my cousin again; I would always know I'd done something wrong. LateLater on, my aunt drove me home. When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slowslowly and gave it back. She knowsknew what had happened, but she thanked me and evernever mentioned it again.
8、此篇短文改錯的文章內容是一則關于作者孩時自我教育的小故事,試題難度適中,要求修改的10處錯誤均為學生寫作中的常見錯誤,設題考查的內容是學生應該掌握的基礎知識,以考查其發(fā)現(xiàn)問題和解決問題的能力。
【解析】1.“在我堂兄弟的家”,考查名詞所有格的用法,cousin后加's表示“……的”。
2.有比較級的標志詞than卻沒有形容詞比較級,rich的比較級為規(guī)則變化richer。
3.考查習語搭配in particular,意為“尤其,特別”。
4. put…into…,考查動詞用法和代詞,這里漏填了指代那個玩具的單詞it。
5. enjoy后面應接doing,所以去掉多余的to。
6
9、. 句中有連詞or,表示后面省略的部分跟前面一致,為I would never be able to…or I would never be able to…,因此要用動詞原形face。
7.later on是固定習語,意為“后來”,而late作副詞時意為“遲的;最近的”。
8.這里的“慢”應該是說明作者掏兜的動作,即修飾動詞pull要用副詞slowly。
9.動詞時態(tài)考點,通篇文章因為是敘述過去發(fā)生的一件事,所以時態(tài)基本都為過去時,這里不可能出現(xiàn)knows這樣明顯的表示習慣的一般現(xiàn)在時。
10.ever表示肯定含義,而這句作者想表達的是自己的阿姨知道這件事(偷玩具)但再也沒有提過,應該是否定含義,故ever換成否定副詞never才對。