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1、2022年高考英語(yǔ)二輪總復(fù)習(xí) 第3講 形容詞和副詞學(xué)案
1. The professor could tell by the ______ look in Maria's eyes that she didn't understand a single word of his lecture. (xx浙江卷)
A. cold B. blank
C. innocent D. fresh
【答案及解析】1. B 考查形容詞的辨析。句意為“根據(jù)Maria茫然的眼神,這位教授
2、能夠看出她對(duì)他所講的內(nèi)容連一個(gè)字也沒(méi)有聽(tīng)懂?!眂old冰冷的;blank空虛的,茫然的;innocent無(wú)辜的;fresh新鮮的。根據(jù)后面didn't understand可知。
2. I've been writing this report ______ for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow. (xx浙江卷)
A. finally B. immediately
C. occasionally D. certain
3、ly
【答案及解析】2. C 考查副詞的辨析。句意為“在過(guò)去的兩周里,我時(shí)斷時(shí)續(xù)地寫(xiě)這個(gè)報(bào)告,可是這個(gè)報(bào)告明天就得交了。”finally最終地;immediately立即,馬上;occasionally偶爾地;certainly肯定地。根據(jù)but it has to be handed in tomorrow可知。
3. My schedule is very ______ right now, but I'll try to fit you in. (xx浙江卷)
A. tight B. short
C. regula
4、r D. flexible
【答案及解析】3. A 考查形容詞的辨析。句意為“現(xiàn)在我的日程很緊湊,但我會(huì)盡力把你安排進(jìn)去的。”tight (安排)緊湊的, 緊密的;short簡(jiǎn)短的,短缺的, 不夠;regular有規(guī)律的, 定期的,符合規(guī)定的;flexible柔韌的,靈活的,可變通的。
4. I have been convinced that the print media are usually more ______ and more reliable than television.(xx浙江卷)
A. accurate
5、 B. ridiculous
C. urgent D. shallow
【答案及解析】4. A accurate 精確的;ridiculous可笑的,滑稽的;urgent緊急的;shallow淺的,膚淺的。句意:我確信印刷媒體常常會(huì)比電視更準(zhǔn)確、更可靠。
5. Do you think shopping online will ______ take the place of shopping in stores?(xx浙江卷)
A. especially
6、 B. frequently
C. merely D. finally
【答案及解析】5. D especially 特別,尤其;frequently經(jīng)常; merely僅僅; finally最終。句意:你認(rèn)為網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物最終會(huì)代替商場(chǎng)購(gòu)物嗎?
6. Playing on a frozen sports field sounds like a lot of fun. Isn't it rather risky, ______?(xx浙江卷)
A. though B. also
7、C. either D. too
【答案及解析】6. A 根據(jù)句意:在冰場(chǎng)上玩耍聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有趣。然而會(huì)不會(huì)有危險(xiǎn)呢?前后兩句之間是明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以選擇though。
7. John is very ______, if he promises to do something he'll do it. (xx浙江卷)
A. independent B. confident
C. reliable D. flexible
【答案及解析】7. C 考查形容詞辨析。independent獨(dú)
8、立的;confident自信的;reliable可靠的;flexible靈活的。
8.It took ______ building supplies to construct these energy-saving houses. It took brains, too. (xx浙江卷)
A. other than B. more than
C. rather than D. less than
【答案及解析】8. B 句意:建造這些節(jié)能型的房子需要的遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不止是建材,也需要腦子。本題考查四個(gè)相似短語(yǔ)。other than 除了
9、……; more than超過(guò)……;遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不止;rather than而不是……; less than… 少于……
9. ______, the pay isn't attractive enough, though the job itself is quite interesting. (xx浙江卷)
A. Generally speaking B. On the contrary
C. In particular D. To be honest
【答案及解析】9. D 句意:實(shí)話(huà)說(shuō),雖然工作本身蠻有意思
10、的,但工資沒(méi)有什么吸引力。generally speaking一般來(lái)說(shuō),總的來(lái)說(shuō); on the contrary 恰恰相反;in particular 尤其,特別;to be honest 實(shí)話(huà)說(shuō),老實(shí)說(shuō)。
10. In the good care of the nurses, the boy is ______ recovering from his heart operation. (xx浙江卷)
A. quietly B. actually
C. practically D. graduall
11、y
【答案及解析】10. D 句意:在護(hù)士們的精心照料下,這個(gè)男孩從心臟手術(shù)中逐漸恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)。quietly靜靜地;actually事實(shí)上地;practically 實(shí)際地;gradually 逐步地。
幾個(gè)特殊的形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高
級(jí)
比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的常用句型
形容詞和副詞的位置與功能
1.形容詞在句中作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的位置:
形容詞作定語(yǔ),一般放在所修飾名詞的前面。但在下列情況下,形容詞要放在所修飾詞的后面作后置定語(yǔ):
(1)形容詞修飾由some-, any-, no-, every-, 與one, body, thing (where) 等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代
12、詞(副詞)時(shí)。 eg. Is there anything_interesting?
(2)少數(shù)以a-開(kāi)頭的形容詞,如:awake, alive, asleep作定語(yǔ)時(shí)。
eg. He was the only boy awake_at the time of earthquake.
(3)形容詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)。
eg. He carried a basket full_of_stones on his back.
(4)形容詞比較級(jí)前可以用表示數(shù)量或程度的詞修飾,常用的有: even, much, far, a little, a bit, no, twice, three t
13、imes, etc.
eg. This car is far_cheaper_than that one.
This park is four_times bigger than that park.
(5)by far 用于強(qiáng)調(diào),意為“……得多”,“最……”,“顯然”等,可修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí),通常置于其后;若比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)前有冠詞,則可置于其前或其后。如:
It's quicker by_far to go by train.
乘火車(chē)要快得多。
He's by_far_the_cleverer student.
他是個(gè)聰明得多的孩子。 。
2.副詞在
14、句中的位置:
(1)多數(shù)副詞位于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后,如有賓語(yǔ)則位于賓語(yǔ)之后,但如賓語(yǔ)太長(zhǎng)時(shí)也可置于賓語(yǔ)之前。
eg. She runs fast.
He went to school early.
They discussed carefully_the proposals which were raised at the meeting.
(2)程度副詞通常位于所修飾的詞之前或之后,不能出現(xiàn)在句首。
eg. The boy seems quite happy.
(3)頻度副詞通常位于行為動(dòng)詞之前,系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后。
eg. They often e to se
15、e us.
We have always lived in this house.
易錯(cuò)易混點(diǎn)
1. 某些以-ly 結(jié)尾的詞是形容詞而不是副詞。如:
friendly, lively, lovely, lonely, likely, deadly, orderly 等。
2. 有些副詞有兩種形式,一個(gè)與形容詞同形,一個(gè)以-ly 結(jié)尾,但它們的含義是不同的。以-ly 結(jié)尾的詞表較為抽象的含義,而與形容詞同形的副詞則表較為具體的概念。
wide / high / deep (具體的意義)寬/高/深
widely / highly / deeply(抽象意義)廣泛地/高度地/
16、深深地
close 靠近地 — closely 密切地、仔細(xì)地
late遲的 — lately最近、近來(lái)
dead死的 — deadly極其、非常
bad壞的 — badly非常地、惡劣地
most十分、非常,最多(大)的 — mostly主要地、絕大多數(shù)地、多半
eg. He is highly praised for what he has done. (高度地)
He can see a bird flying high in the sky. (飛得高,具有可見(jiàn)性)
3. 注意多個(gè)形容詞(含其他起形容詞作用的詞)前置定語(yǔ)的順序。常用的順序?yàn)椋?
限定詞+外
17、觀描繪性詞+形狀+年齡(新舊)+顏色+國(guó)籍+材料+名詞。
可用“縣(限定詞)官(外觀)行(形狀)令(年齡新舊)宴(顏色)國(guó)(國(guó)籍)材(材料)”諧音記憶。
eg. a beautiful white Japanese military jeep一輛漂亮的白色的日本軍用吉普車(chē)
4. 形容詞作表語(yǔ)。一定要注意系動(dòng)詞的出現(xiàn)情況。這是一個(gè)高考熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。
常見(jiàn)系動(dòng)詞有:be
變化系動(dòng)詞: bee, get, turn, grow, go
保持系動(dòng)詞: keep, remain, stay
感官系動(dòng)詞: look, smell, taste, feel, sound, appear, seem, prove, etc.
5. 形容詞作狀語(yǔ),表狀況、原因、結(jié)果等。這也是應(yīng)注意的一點(diǎn)。
He went to bed, _cold_and_hungry.