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1、【外研版創(chuàng)新設計】2020高考英語一輪復習提能訓練 必修4 Module 1　Life in the Future 能 力 闖 關 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．Oil is Kuwait’s most important natural r________. 2．When I got to the railway station，they were l________the truck with bananas. 3．The officer c________his men to fire. 4．Husband and wife should s________roles with ea

2、ch other occasionally. 5．We have several a________to choose from. 6．She is not________(樂觀)about the result. 7．No one believed her________(預測)that the world would end on November 12th. 8．He finished his homework________(終于)． 9．It’s________(冒險的)to buy a car without any good advice. 10．Is the car_

3、_______(供給動力)by electricity or by oil? 答案：1.resource　2.loading　manded　4.switch　5.alternatives　6.optimistic　7.prediction 8．eventually　9.risky　10.powered Ⅱ.單項填空 1．I was________the heavy luggage. A．loading down with B．loaded down with C．loading over to D．loaded over for 解析：句意：“我背上了沉重的包袱?！笨疾閘

4、oad sb.down with sth.使……負擔……，故答案是B。 答案：B 2．If you leave this application form and go to another website，you will lose________you have already filled out on this form. A．whatever B．no matter what C．whichever D．no matter which 解析：本題考查疑問代詞在復合句中的選用。及物動詞后缺少賓語，whatever引導賓語從句，相當于anything that。B項只能引導

5、讓步狀語從句。 答案：A 3．It’s________cold________go in to the sea yet A．too；to B．so；to C．to；to D．in order；to 解析：句意：“天太冷了，還不能出海。”考查too...to...“太……以至于不能”，故答案是A。 答案：A 4．—Did you write to Peter last month? —No，but I________him this June. A．will be seen B．will be seeing C．will have bee

6、n seeing D．will have seen 解析：句意：“上月你給Peter寫信了嗎？”“沒有。但是今年六月我就要見到他。”考查時態(tài)，根據(jù)語境，答案是B。 答案：B 5．The police arrived and________command of the situation. A．took B．charged C．made D．kept 解析：句意：“警察來了，并且指揮這里的事情?！笨疾閠ake/have command of...習語，“對……掌握”。 答案：A 6.You’d better not phone the manager betwe

7、en 7 and 8 tomorrow evening；he________an important meeting then. A．would have B．will be having C．will have had D．will have 解析：此題考查時態(tài)。由“between 7 and 8 tomorrow evening”可以知道這里應該用將來進行時。 答案：B 7．—The manager is away. —Who’s taking________of the company? A．charge B．place C．part D．position 解析

8、：take charge of是“管理”的意思。選項B、C、D的介詞搭配分別是：take the place of(代替)；take part in(參加)；take position as...(擔任……)。 答案：A 8．—I will come to attend your lecture at 10∶00 tomorrow. —I’m sorry，by then my lecture will have ended and I________my guests in my office. A．is being met B．will meet C．will be meetin

9、g D．will have met 解析：句意：“我明天十點將來參加報告會?！薄皩Σ黄?，到那時，我的報告就結束了，我將在辦公室會見客人?！笨疾闀r態(tài)，根據(jù)語境，答案是C。 答案：C 9．The new medicine________the spread of the disease. A．a(chǎn)rrested B．improved C．kept D．supported 解析：句意：“這種新藥阻止了這種疾病的傳播。”考查arrest即“阻止”。keep...from...是阻止，B、D不合語境。 答案：A Ⅲ.翻譯句子 1．那個服務員將一張標簽貼在他的行李上。(attach)

10、 ________________________________________________________________________ 2．我們得把貨物分裝三車(船)。(load) ________________________________________________________________________ 3．天氣預報不足為信。(rely on) ________________________________________________________________________ 4．確保你離開房間時關上燈。(make sure that)

11、 ________________________________________________________________________ 5．他們太年輕還不懂這些事情。(too...to) ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：1.The waiter attached a label to his luggage. 2．We have to make three loads of the cargo. 3．You may not rely on the we

12、ather report. 4．Make sure that you turn off the lights when you leave the room. 5．They are too young to understand such things. Ⅳ.閱讀理解 Guinness World Records，known until 2000 as The Guinness Book of Records (and in previous U．S. editions as The Guinness Book of World Records)，is a reference book

13、 published annually, and contains an internationally recognized collection of world records—both human achievements and the extremes of the natural world. The book itself holds a world record, as the best-selling copyrighted series of all the time. However，several world records that were once inclu

14、ded in the book have been removed for ethical(倫理的)reasons.By publishing world records in categories，the book encourages people to try to beat that record，and pay no attention to health and safety. For example，following publication of a “heaviest cat”record，many cat owners fed their pets beyond the b

15、ounds(范圍)of what was healthy；this is an example of one of the items that has been removed.In 1991，the book also dropped records within the “eating and drinking records”category of its Human Achievements section, concerning that potential competitors could harm themselves. These changes included the

16、removal of all liquor，wine and beer-drinking records，along with records for eating such unlikely things as bicycles and trees.Other records，such as sword swallowing and rally driving(公路賽車) ，were closed to further items because the current record holders had performed beyond what were considered acce

17、ptable levels of human tolerance. There have been examples of closed records being reopened，however.For example.the sword-swallowing record was listed as closed in the 1990 Guinness Book of World Records，but the Guinness world Records Primetime TV show，which started in 1998，accepted three sword swa

18、llowing challenges(as did the 2020 edition of the Guinness World Records)． Chain letters are also forbidden.According to the book’s publisher，“Guinness World Records does not accept any records related to chain letters，sent by post or e-mail. If you receive a letter or an e-mail，which may promise t

19、o publish the names of all those who send it，please destroy or delete it；it is a trick.” 【語篇導讀】 《吉尼斯世界紀錄》收錄了世界上人類最高成就和自然界的極端事物和現(xiàn)象?？墒沁^去收錄的一些項目卻引發(fā)了人們不健康的競爭，從而導致了影響人類和動物健康以及有傷倫理道德的事件發(fā)生，因此這些紀錄已經(jīng)或將被從書中刪除。 1．This passage is mainly about________. A．how many kinds of records Guinness World Records has B

20、．ethical issues and safety concerns related to Guinness World Records C．the history of Guinness World Records D．Guinness World Records in overview 解析：主旨大意題。第二段一開始就提到了“《吉尼斯世界紀錄》的一些涉及倫理問題的項目被取消了”，并談到了涉及安全問題的一些項目也被取消了。可見選項B是文章的主要內(nèi)容。 答案：B 2．what is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A．To put

21、 forward the main idea of the passage. B．To tell readers that the name of the book has been changed. C．To indicate that Guinness World Records is a famous book. D．To encourage people to read Guinness World Records. 解析：段落大意題。第一段簡要介紹了《吉尼斯世界紀錄》這本書的主要特點(每年出版一本；內(nèi)容包含人類的成就和自然界的極端事物)；但最后一句是總結性的語言：這本書本身就

22、是一個世界紀錄，是一本暢銷書。它才是作者寫本段的目的。 答案：C 3．Guinness World Records decided to remove some records because of the following reasons EXCEPT________. A．the records are too difficult to break B．the records were considered to involve immoral actions C．some aspects of trying to break them were dangerous D．so

23、me items were considered beyond acceptable levels of human tolerance. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第二段第一句可知B項與文章內(nèi)容相符；由第二段第二句中pay no attention to health and safety可知C項與文章內(nèi)容相符；由第二段最后一句可知D項與文章內(nèi)容相符；而A項文中沒有提到。 答案：A 4．From what the publisher said we know________. A．chain letters may convey incorrect information B．email

24、s of readers are ofen rejected by him C．chain letters are sent by competitors D．reading Guiness World Records is helpful to you 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中出版商的話可知“連鎖信”(收信人需轉給他人)傳達的信息不正確，他們不會接受，并告誡收到這些郵件的人不要相信，因為那是騙局。 答案：A 5．From this passage we can learn that________. A．sword swallowing will forever be c

25、losed to further competition items B．the item about the fattest dog can be found in the present book C．the editors of Guinness World Records don’t want readers to write to them D．the record related to rally driving can still be found in the book 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第一句可知，公路賽車的紀錄在書中并沒有被去掉，只是不再接受這樣的新的

26、紀錄了，故D項正確。A項與第二段中such as sword swallowing...were closed to...不符；B項與第二段中For example，following publishing...has been removed.不符；從文中不能推斷出C項。 答案：D 閱卷現(xiàn)場(教師用書獨具) 問題三：詞義猜測和細節(jié)理解類常見問題 高考閱讀理解中比重最大也是比較基礎的題型就是詞義猜測和細節(jié)理解題，這類題是考生爭取的重點，它要求考生快速而準確地獲取信息，從而拿到最基本的分數(shù)。考生最常見的問題就是見到生單詞就頭腦發(fā)蒙，無法從已知信息中找到有用的線索，從而造成失分。因

27、為本節(jié)內(nèi)容較重要，所以我用較多篇幅來講解一下。 例題剖析 【例1】 (2020·廣東卷B篇)We studied the board critically. Some of us looked with one eye and held up certain colors against the blackboard，rocking the sheets to the right or left while we conjured_up our designs. Others twisted their hair around their fingers or chewed their e

28、rasers while deep in thought. We had plans for that tendollar grand prize，each and every one of us. I’m going to spend mine on candies，one hopeful would announce，while another practiced looking serious，wise and rich. (A)The underlined phrase in Paragraph 3 most probably means ________. A．formed a

29、n idea for B．made an outline for C．made some space for D．chose some colors for 【答案解析】 選擇A。詞義猜測題。上下句是Some...Others...句子，while we conjured up our designs的對應部分是while deep in thought，可見conjured up的意思是“思考，想象”，所以A項正確。 【例2】 (2020·全國Ⅱ卷A篇)I know what you’re thinking: pizza(比薩餅)? For breakfast? But the t

30、ruth is that you can have last night’s leftovers in the a．m. if you want to. (A)The word “l(fā)eftovers” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________ A．food remaining after a meal B．things left undone C．meals made of vegetables D．pizza topped with fruit 【答案解析】 選擇A。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線單詞之前的last night’s可以猜測劃線單詞的意思應

31、為“(前一天晚上的)剩飯”。 【例3】 (2020·陜西卷A篇)There was no shade and our legs were aching. We decided to go back, with the girl on my back and the boys far behind. By the time we finally got back, our_legs_were_like_jelly. (A)The underlined expression “Our legs were like jelly” probably means ________ A．we wer

32、e weak B．we were unhappy C．we were dissatisfied D．we were disappointed 【答案解析】 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)There was no shade and our legs were aching可知“我們很累很虛弱”，故A項正確。 【例4】 (2020·重慶卷A篇)I arrived at my mother’s home for our Monday family dinner. The smells of food flew over from the kitchen. Mother was pulling out

33、 quilt(被子) after quilt from the boxes, proudly showing me their beauties. She was perparing for a quilt show at the Elmhurst Church. When we began to fold and put them back into the boxes, I noticed something at the bottom of on box.. I pulled it out. “What is this？” I asked. “Oh？”Mom said, “That’s

34、 Mama’s quilt.” I spread the quilt. It looked at if a group of school children had pieced it together: irrugular designs, childish pictures, a crooked line on the right. (C)1.Why did the author go to mother’s home? A．To see her mother’s quilts B．To help prepare for a show C．To get together for

35、the family dinner D．To discuss her grandmother’s life (C)2.The underlined word “crooked” in the passage most probably means ________. 　A．unfinished B．broken C．bent D．unusual 【答案解析】 1．細節(jié)理解題。由文章的第一句可知作者回母親家是為了參加家庭聚餐，故C項正確。 2．詞義猜測題。前面的情況都與一條好的quilt的特點相反，所以crooked的意思應該和其相反，故C項正確。 【例5】 (2020·安徽

36、卷C篇)How do people climb the wall? To climb, you need special shoes and harness (保護帶) around your chest to hold you. There are ropes tied to your harness. The ropes hold you in place so that you don’t fall. A beginner’s wall is usually about 15 feet high, and you climb straight up. There are small pi

37、eces of metal that stick out for you to stand on and hold on to. Sometimes it’s easy to see the new piece of metal. Sometimes, it’s not. The most difficult is to control your fear. It’s normal for humans to be afraid of falling, so it’s difficult not to feel fear. But when you move away from the wal

38、l, the harness and the ropes hold you, and you begin to feel safe. You move slowly until you reach the top. Climbing attracts people because it’s good exercise for almost everyone. You use your whole body, especially your arms and legs. This sport gives your body a complete workout. When you climb,

39、 both your mind and your body can become stronger. (B)1.The most difficult thing to do in wall climbing is ________. A．to tie ropes to your B．to control your fear C．to move away from the wall D．to climb straight up (B)2.The word “workout” underlined in the last paragraph most probably means __

40、______. A．settlement B．exercise C．excitement D．tiredness 【答案解析】 1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)it’s difficult not to feel fear可知，人們在攀墻時很難控制自己的恐懼，故B項正確。 2．詞義猜測題。第二段第一句中exercise點明本詞意義，這種運動給你身體完全的鍛煉，所以B項正確。 解決方案與指南 閱讀理解中詞義猜測題和細節(jié)理解題出題知識分類總結如下： 1．詞義猜測題 (1)常用提問方式 1)According to the passage, probably means ________

41、 2)The author uses the word to mean ________ 3)What does the underlined word refer to? 4)The word (phrase, clause，...)．.. refers to (most probable means)．..________ 5)What does the word...in Para...stand for? 6)What does the writer mean when he says，“...”？ 7)Which of the following best explain

42、s the meaning of the word...as it is used in the text? 8)Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word...? (2)解題方法 猜詞是應用英語的重要能力，也是高考中常用的題型。它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學會“順藤摸瓜”，通過構詞、語法、定義、同位、對比、因果、常識、上下文等線索確定詞義。 (1)利用定義 如：Annealing is a way of making metal softer by

43、 heating it and then letting it cool very slowly. 句子給予annealing以明確的定義，即“退火”。 It will be very hard but also very brittle—that is, it will break easily. 從后面的解釋中我們可以了解到brittle是“脆”的意思。 The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.定語從句中l(wèi)ooks after sheep就表明了herdsman的詞義為“牧人”。 (2)結合

44、同位 如： They traveled a long way, at last got to a castle, a large building in old times.同位語部分a large building in old times給出了castle的確切詞義，即“城堡”。 We are on the night shift—from midnight to 8 a．m.—this week. 兩個破折號之間的短語很清楚地表明night shift是“夜班”的意思。 (3)前后對比 She is usually prompt for all her class, but

45、today she arrived in the middle of her first class. but一詞表轉折，因此but前后的意思正相反。后半句的意思是她今天“第一節(jié)上了一半才來”，因此反向推理，可得出她平時一向“準時”的結論。 (4)巧借構詞(前綴、后綴、復合、派生等) Perhaps, we can, see some possibilities for next fifty years. But the next hundred? possibility是possible的同根名詞，據(jù)此可以判斷possibility意思是“可能性”。 5)聯(lián)系因果 The lac

46、k of movement caused the muscles to weaken. Sometimes the weakness was permanent. So the player could never play the sport again. 從后面的結果“永遠不能再運動”中，可以推測permanent的意思為“永遠的，永久的”。 2.細節(jié)理解題 文章絕不是互不相干的句子雜亂無章地堆砌。作者為文，有脈可循。如記敘文多以人物為中心，以時間或空間為線索，按事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展、結局展開故事；論述體則包含論點、論據(jù)、結論三大要素，通過解釋、舉例來闡述觀點。你可根據(jù)文章的特點，詳讀細

47、節(jié)，以動詞、時間、地點、事件、因果等為線索，找出關鍵詞語，從而得出答案。 (1)常用提問方式 ①In the passage, which of the following is mentioned/not mentioned? ②It is commonly accepted that... ③All the statements are true EXCEPT ________. ④Choose the right order of the events given in the passage. ⑤The reason for..., is that... ⑥How wou

48、ld you describe the end of...? ⑦Choose the right order of the events given in the following. ⑧Which of the following maps shows the right position of...? ⑨Which statement is true? ⑩What does the writer pay least attention to? (2)解題方法 ①平時訓練應學會帶著問題尋找答案的方法。 ②將注意力集中在與who, what, when, where問題有關的細節(jié)

49、或數(shù)字方面。 ③略讀材料，大概了解文章，注意作者表例證的詞或短語，如for example, for instance, that is to say, in fact, etc. ④按文章題材，預測到何處找自己需要的事實。 ⑤把主要精力放在尋找你所需要的細節(jié)，找到后，放慢速度、細讀要查找的內(nèi)容，特別注意表因果或轉折的詞或短語，如because, for, since, as, therefore, and, as a result; but，however, while, though, yet, on the other hand, etc. 直擊高考與警示 高考閱讀理解文章的材料一般都出自英美國家閱讀材料原文或作適當修改，體現(xiàn)原汁原味。而文章更加注重語言材料的真實性。