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1、四川省丹棱縣2020高考英語(yǔ)二輪閱讀理解基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練【1】 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for granted as a means of solving differences, that it is not even questioned. There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force; the

2、re are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in favor of violence – as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other. What is r

3、eally frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded history of the human race, th

4、at tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that violence never solves a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror, the bloodshed, the suffering mean nothing. No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate t

5、he smoking ruins and wonder what hit us. The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and herder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement. If ha

6、lf the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos, at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution. Our strength is sapped by having t

7、o mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake. In a well-directed effort, it would not be impossible to fulfill the ideals of a stable social programme. The benefits that can be derived from constructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us. Genuine and lasting solutions are

8、 always possible, providing we work within the framework of the law. Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races, we must appreciate each other’s problems. And to do this, we must learn about them: it is a simple exercise in communication, in exchanging informati

9、on. ‘Talk, talk, talk,’ the advocates of violence say, ‘a(chǎn)ll you ever do is talk, and we are none the wiser.’ It’s rather like the story of the famous barrister who painstakingly explained his case to the judge. After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk, he w

10、as none the wiser. ‘Possible, my lord,’ the barrister replied, ‘none the wiser, but surely far better informed.’ Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom: the knowledge that violence creates the evils it pretends to solve. 1.What is the best title for this passage? [A] Advocating Violen

11、ce. Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice. [C] Important People on Both Sides See Violence As a Legitimate Solution. [D] The Instincts of Human Race Are Thirsty for Violence. 2.Recorded history has taught us[A] violence never solves anything. nothing. [C] the bloodshed means nothi

12、ng. [D] everything. 3.It can be inferred that truly reasonable men [A] can’t get a hearing. are looked down upon. [C] are persecuted. [D] Have difficulty in advocating law enforcement. 4.“He was none the wiser” means [A] he was not at all wise in listening. He was not at all wiser than not

13、hing before. [C] He gains nothing after listening. [D] He makes no sense of the argument. 5.According the author the best way to solve race prejudice is [A] law enforcement. knowledge. [C] nonviolence. [D] Mopping up the violent mess. Vocabulary 1.acute ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?嚴(yán)重的，劇烈的，敏銳的 2.lo

14、ot ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?v.搶劫，掠奪；n.贓物 3.pillage ? ? ? ? ? ?v.搶劫，掠奪 4.crunch ? ? ? ? ? ?v.吱嘎吱嘎咬或嚼某物；n.碎裂聲 when it comes to the crunch = if/when the decisive moment comes. 當(dāng)關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻來(lái)到時(shí)。 5.war-paint ? ? ? ? ? ?出戰(zhàn)前涂于身上的顏料。（美印第安戰(zhàn)士用） e to light = become known ? ? ?顯露，為人所知 7.sap ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?剝削，使傷元?dú)?，破? I

15、 was sapped by months of hospital treatment. 我住院治療幾個(gè)月，大傷元?dú)狻? 8.mop up ? ? ? ? ? ?擦去，對(duì)付，處理 9.wake ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?船跡，航跡 in the wake of sth. = come after 隨某事之后到來(lái)。 難句譯注 1.What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have m

16、ade no actual progress at all. 【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】when it comes to the crunch = when / if the decisive moment comes.當(dāng)關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻來(lái)到時(shí)。 【參考譯文】真正令人可怖的，令人絕望的是，在關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻，人們意識(shí)到我們一點(diǎn)兒也沒(méi)有進(jìn)步/前進(jìn)。 2.Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake. 【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】in the wake of 在…之后。 【參考譯文】由于我們不得不清理掉暴力之后

17、所留下的爛攤子，我們的力量因此削弱了。 3.After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser. 【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】none + the + 比較級(jí)。固定用法，義：not at all 一點(diǎn)兒也不。EX: After the treatment, he is none the better.治療后，他并沒(méi)有因此見(jiàn)好，（一點(diǎn)兒也不見(jiàn)好）。 【參考譯文】聽(tīng)了律師的長(zhǎng)篇解釋，法官抱怨說(shuō)他一無(wú)所獲，并不因此變得聰明些。 4. ? ? ?Kn

18、owledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom. 【參考譯文】知識(shí)是智慧的必要的先決條件。結(jié)合上下文這里意思是：了解情況是解決問(wèn)題的先決條件。句子后面的解釋：知識(shí)是指了解它欲以解決暴力制造的惡行。 寫作方法與文章大意 作者主要以對(duì)比的手法寫出了暴力是有些國(guó)家用以解決種族差異的公認(rèn)方法，這是人本性沒(méi)有進(jìn)步的表現(xiàn)，真正理智的人提出了法制才是解決問(wèn)題的唯一途徑，而這些人遭人輕視、迫害。作者指出如果我們把使用暴力的一半精力放在消除貧民窟，改善生活水平，提供教育和就業(yè)，清除暴力造成的后果，也就是通過(guò)對(duì)它以法治理是能真正解決種族問(wèn)題的。盡管這些暴力

19、者采取充耳不聞的態(tài)度。 答案詳解 1.B 暴力難以消除種族偏見(jiàn)。文章一開(kāi)始就提出有些國(guó)家種族偏見(jiàn)嚴(yán)重，而暴力卻是公認(rèn)的一種解決方法。白人采用暴力鎮(zhèn)壓，黑人以防火、掠搶為反抗。而雙方的大人物平靜地論及暴力，似乎這是一種合法的解決方案。作者就此指出人類的進(jìn)步只在于表面――衣飾等，人類的本能沒(méi)有改變。整個(gè)有記錄歷史的文件沒(méi)有教會(huì)人類任何東西。這是真正令人可怕的事件。 第二段論及真正有理智的懂得解決方案所在的人鼓吹法制，人們不停。他們反而收到輕視、迫害。作者就此提出假設(shè)，答出真正的解決方案嗜法制，以法治理。 第三段進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明“交流、對(duì)話”是了解雙方問(wèn)題的前提，即使暴力者不同意，但知道暴力制

20、造它假裝要解決的罪惡，是智慧聰明的必要前提。 A.鼓吹暴力。C.雙方重要人物都把暴力作為合法的解決方案。D. 人類的本性是嗜暴性。 2.B沒(méi)有什么。第一段中就明確提出整個(gè)人類有記錄歷史又長(zhǎng)又臭的暴力文件記錄，一點(diǎn)都沒(méi)有教給我們?nèi)魏螙|西。 A.暴力解決不了任何事情。C.殺戮（流血）沒(méi)有任何意義。D.一切。 3.D在鼓吹法制方面有困難。答案在第二段，真正有理智的人鼓吹法制，遭到同類們的輕視、不信任和迫害。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)要人傾聽(tīng)他們的意見(jiàn)越來(lái)越困難。 A.人們不聽(tīng)。B.遭人輕視。C.遭人迫害。這三項(xiàng)都包含在D項(xiàng)內(nèi)。 4.C聽(tīng)后無(wú)所得。None the wiser一點(diǎn)也不比以前聰明（這是按字面翻

21、譯）。實(shí)際就是C項(xiàng)。 A.在傾聽(tīng)別人上他一點(diǎn)也不聰明。B.他和以前一個(gè)樣。D.他聽(tīng)不懂論點(diǎn)。 5.A法制。第二段最后一句，如果我們?cè)诜傻臉?gòu)架中進(jìn)行工作，真正的持久的解決總是能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。第二段第二句，他們?cè)獾狡群κ且驗(yàn)樗麄児拇捣ㄖ七@種顯然令人不能容忍的事。 B.知識(shí)。C.非暴力。D.處理暴力帶來(lái)的混亂。 【山東省濟(jì)寧市2020高考英語(yǔ)二模試題】C It's 8:00 a．m．James Butters gives,18-month-old Thomas his milk，then breakfast．After getting Thomas into his outdoor c

22、lothes， they head for the park to watch birds and play on the grass．With lunchtime drawing near，they're back home for an afternoon of drawing， playing with cars，or maybe watching some children’s programs． James isn't Thomas’dad．He is a nanny(保姆)-a man nanny obviously，humorously termed a“mann

23、y”—specially trained and in his third nannying position．At 27，he cares for Thomas，and another boy of a simliar age．“It's much freer than an office job，”he says， "and you're getting to see children develop and grow．You become very close to them，for sure．I don't think I'm special or better

24、than a woman nanny; everyone has their own ap- proach．But I'm unusual．Friends laughed when I started studying nursery nursing．In my class,I was the only man among 70 women．Somehow，I made it，”he said． Although it’s not yet common to find men in traditional nannying courses，things are chan

25、ging．In the United States，parents are employing young mannies，sometimes to care for babies，but more often as active role models to get their children away from the TV and the computer．From rollerblading(輪滑)friends to summer swimming mannies，these are the big brothers who are always willi

26、ng to play，largely because they’re paid for it．It is catching on here in Britain，too．Earlier this year，Norland Nanny College welcomed its first full-time man student，19-year-old Peter Cummins in Wales.While some families find it difficult to accept the idea of a young man in a traditiona

27、l nannying role，man nannies are increasingly popular． 51．What is the author trying to tell us in the first paragraph? A．James Butters and his 18-month-old son． B．How to get small children close to you． C．James Butters’typical day as a nanny． D．Proper ways to look after children． 52．What ca

28、n we learn from the second paragraph? A．James Butters is a new nanny with no experience． B．James Butters is looking after 3 children at present． C．James Butters is better at looking after children than women． D．James Butters is a man with courage and determination． 53．Why are young mannies beco

29、ming popular in the United States? A．They are good at playing computer games． B.They can get boys in more healthy activities． C.They are better trained than women for their jobs． D．They can protect the boys like big brothers． 54．Who's going to become a new man nanny soon? A．James Butters B．

30、Thomas C．Norland D．PeterCummins 55．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．A New Profession for Men B．Changes in Tradition C．Mannies and Nannies D．Babies and Their Mannies 【參考答案】CDBDA 【山東省濟(jì)寧市2020高考英語(yǔ)二模試題】D The sun is setting on a summer night．At the entra

31、nce of a deep，dark cave，a few bats fly out．Within a few minutes，millions and millions of bats are pouring out of the cave． Sounds like a scary horror movie? Believe it or not，this scene takes place all summer long，at Bracken Cave in Texas，where 20 million bats come out to feed on insects ev

32、ery night．“It is magical，”says Jim Kennedy of Bat Conservation International in Texas．“It is one of the most impressive animal movements on the planet．" Every March or April，Mexican free-tailed bats migrate up to 1，600 kilometers from their winter home in Mexico to their American home i

33、n Texas，where they raise their young. Soon after they arrive，each mother gives birth to one baby．As many as 500，baby bats crowd into 30 cubic centimeters of space．a(chǎn)nd all those bodies create nice warm tem- peratures to keep them cozy and comfortable． If you have ever lost sight of your p

34、arents in a crowded playground，you may be won- dering how mother bats recorgnize their children．They use their sense of smell to tell which baby is theirs when it is time for the babies to have milk． When twenty million bats fly out of one cave opening，they make a column so thick that th

35、ey show up on the radar at the nearby airport．It can take three hours for all of them to get out from the cave．“You can feel the breeze from their wings，and see the plats wa- ving，”says Kennedy．“The movement of all those wings makes a very relaxing soft sound．I've always thought it would make

36、 a great relaxation music to help you go to sleep. So much for bats being scary!” 56.The scene described in the first paragraph takes place in______． A．a(chǎn) movie B．a(chǎn) cave C．Mexico D．the US 57．What makes the scene so“impressive”? A．The entrance of a deep，dark cave． B．The bats feeding

37、on insects at night． C．The huge number of bats flying together． D．It takes place all summer long． 58．Both Paragraphs 3 and 4 are mainly about____． A. when and where the bats migrate B．how young bats are raised C．why baby bats crowd together D．how mother bats find their children 59．The underl

38、ined word“breeze”in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to____. A．light wind B．hot air C．strong smell D．black smoke 60．What does Kennedy mean by“So much for bats being scary!”? A．So much space is being occupied by bats! B. Bats are so much more scary than before! C．Never say bats ar

39、e frightening again! D．So many bats are being scared away ! 【參考答案】DCBAC 【山東省濟(jì)寧市2020高考英語(yǔ)二模試題】E A good reader becomes sooner or later a good book buyer．The sooner，the better. The reading done in a book drawn from a library can not be so pleasant at the moment nor so permanently useful as the

40、reading done in our own copy． A book which is worth reading is likely to be read more than once，and at each reading some idea or some statement makes such an impression that we wish to refer to it again． Some readers underline the page as they read，but I find that a page which I have underlined

41、 can not give me so many fresh impressions as one which has no marks on it．My habit is to make my own index(索引)of a book as I read．I put down the number of the page and a word or two to identify the thought or the fact which I get from it．On a second or third reading I am likely to double or triple

42、the size of this index．This is my substitute for underlining．Most of the books in my library are so indexed that I can find quickly the passage which from time to time I wish to look up． To use a book in this way，organizing it for continued usefulness year after year, we must，of course，do our r

43、eading in a copy which belongs to us．The books I buy are chiefly those of less expensive editions． As I have grown older and the number of books on my shelves has increased，I appre- ciate editions which do not take much room．By careful and continuous selection I keep my librarv down to t

44、en thousand books．This would be，of course，too large a number for any but a professional scholar or writer．But my advice to a book lover is to weed but his library at least once every two years，giving away the books which are not likely to be read again. And never never buy a book which y

45、ou will not immediately read．A library bought only for looks is not literature，but indoor decoration． 61．Which of the following best explains the underlined part in the first paragraph? A．Reading your own book benefits you more than reading a copy from a library． B．Reading a book at home is m

46、ore pleasant and useful than doing it in a library． C．Reading a book in a library is more pleasant and useful than doing it at home． D．A book drawn from a library cannot take as much time as your own copy． 62．What is the disadvantage of underlining according to the author? A．Underlined books loo

47、k old and not worth reading． B．The lines make it difficult for the reader to concentrate． C．Underlined books cannot give the reader enough fresh impressions． D．The reader cannot find the passage he or she wishes to read again． 63．What would the author's index look like after a third reading? A．

48、It contains the number of the page and a word or two． B．It contains the number of the page and 3 to 6 words． C．It numbers the page，the paragraph and the lines． D．It fills the cover of the book with numbers and words． 64．Which of the following books would the author most probably like to keep? A

49、．Big expensive good books． B．Thin and cheap books． C．Books with lots of pictures． D．Good books in cheap，thin editions． 65．Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The writer has read only some of the books in his library． B．The writer is a professional scholar or writer． C．The writer has never given away any books in his library． D．The writer's library is indoor decoration rather than literature． 【參考答案】ACBDB