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1、江蘇省南通市啟東中學(xué)高中英語《Unit 1 Tales of the unexpected 現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進行時 牛津譯林版必修2 A. 現(xiàn)在完成時 I. 構(gòu)成：have / has + done II. 用法： 1、現(xiàn)在完成時表示一個發(fā)生于過去，但該動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響或結(jié)果； 2、現(xiàn)在完成時表示一個開始于過去，且一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)； 3、表示說話前發(fā)生過一次或多次的動作，一般譯為“過”，常帶有：once, twice, never, three times, How many times…. III. 注意點： 1、能用于現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語有：already,

2、 yet, ever, never, just, up to now, the past few years, before(用于句末），since, for, 或包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的：now, today, this week, this month, this year,… 2、在現(xiàn)在完成時的句子中，不能用表示過去的時間狀語，如：yesterday, last week, …ago, … e.g. — Have you seen the film? — Yes, I saw it last week. — Have you had supper? — Yes, I had it at

3、 home. We haven’t finished the work yet. We need two more days. — How long have you been here? — For half an hour / Since morning. 3、所有動詞都可以用于現(xiàn)在完成時，但如果句中用了表示一段時間的時間狀語時，一次性動詞必須改為延續(xù)性動詞。 B. 現(xiàn)在完成進行時 I. 構(gòu)成：have / has + been doing II. 用法： 1、一個剛結(jié)束的動作，但對現(xiàn)在造成了直接的影響。 e.g. — You look tired. — Yes,

4、I have been cleaning the room for three hours. We have been working for five days this week. Now we shall have a good rest. 2、一個發(fā)生于過去，但一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，且還要持續(xù)下去的動作。 e.g. I have been teaching in this school for twenty years. How long have you been studying English? 3、現(xiàn)在完成進行時往往指動作帶有重復(fù)性，而現(xiàn)在完成時無這一含義。 e.g. H

5、ave you been meeting her recently? (經(jīng)常性） Have you met her lately? He has been phoning me every night for several weeks. 4、現(xiàn)在完成進行時比較生動，含有明顯的感情色彩，而完成時只強調(diào)一個事實，一種影響或結(jié)果，無感情色彩。 e.g. What have you been doing? C.f. What have you done? We’ve been waiting for you for a long time. I’ve been doing my work regularly. c.f. He is being friendly.