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1、 《圖表作文》 【寫法指導(dǎo)】 ◇【題型設(shè)置與意圖】 圖表類寫作題一向是中考書面表達(dá)中的難點。它不像看圖敘事和提示作文那樣直觀明了，文體多以說明文和議論文為主。考查時要求同學(xué)們根據(jù)所給的圖表、數(shù)據(jù)等進(jìn)行分析、研究，閱讀其中的文字和說明，弄清各種信息之間的關(guān)系，提煉要點，然后組織語言進(jìn)行寫作，必要時還要加入作者自己的觀點。 和看圖敘事不同的是，寫圖表作文時對圖表和數(shù)據(jù)內(nèi)容不必全部描述，只需重點引用能支持觀點的一些數(shù)據(jù)。分析圖表時切不可憑空想象，要善于抓住總的規(guī)律和趨勢。時態(tài)方面除特定的時間用過去時外，常用一般現(xiàn)在時。 ◇【寫作角度與注意事項】 仔細(xì)審題永遠(yuǎn)是寫

2、作中最重要的部分。認(rèn)真分析圖表的含義，弄清圖表中所含的信息及不同信息間的關(guān)系，整理要點。 圖表作文的結(jié)構(gòu)通常是三段式： 第一段分析圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)變化反映出的問題或趨勢，簡要概述圖表所揭示的信息； 第二段分析原因； 第三段提出解決問題的辦法或建議。 寫作時注意要直截了當(dāng)、盡快入題，適當(dāng)加入自己的議論，力爭做到觀點明確，不要拐彎抹角，拖泥帶水，使人讀后一頭霧水。 另外，同學(xué)們還應(yīng)該注意以下幾個小問題：文章應(yīng)包括圖表所示內(nèi)容，但不必全部寫到；敘述調(diào)查結(jié)果時要避免重復(fù)使用百分比；最重要的是要有表明自己觀點的句子。書寫要規(guī)范，包括大小寫、標(biāo)點符號

3、等。寫完之后還要注意認(rèn)真檢查，改正錯誤。 寫 作 演 示 ◇【例題解析】 新學(xué)期開始，你就讀的國際學(xué)校的學(xué)生社團(tuán)又開始招募了。假設(shè)你是社團(tuán)負(fù)責(zé)人，請根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容和提示要求寫一篇英語短文，為新同學(xué)介紹下列社團(tuán)的情況(包括名稱、動內(nèi)容及其目的)。 要求：1．詞數(shù)：80左右(文章開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù))； ２.不得透露學(xué)校、姓名等任何個人信息。 Clubs are calling The new term is coming．For all our new students，I would like to

4、introduce our clubs to you。

5、 【寫作思路】 1．中心人稱：第二人稱 2．主體時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，一般將來時態(tài) 3．要點梳理：圖畫內(nèi)容(酷動者：每天運動一小時，觀看比賽，強(qiáng)身健體。智讀者：讀好書，寫讀書筆記，增長知識。好煮人：設(shè)計健康菜單，學(xué)習(xí)做菜，過健康生活。)，補(bǔ)充內(nèi)容(時尚設(shè)計者：向?qū)I(yè)老師學(xué)習(xí)) 【語句構(gòu)建】 圖表內(nèi)容→Cool Players is a good choice for sports lovers． Smart Readers is a goo

6、d choice． In Excellent Cooks，you will learn how to design healthy menus and cook dishes．If you want to design your own clothes，come to Fashion Designers． 提出建議或希望→I hope you can join us． 【寫作模板】 介紹圖表：The table shows．．． Here are the results of．．．

7、 According to the graph，we can find．．． The chart reflects several trends． In the first picture，we can see．．． 發(fā)表感想：I think it is．．． We should．．． 【范文展示】 Clubs are calling The new term is coming．For all our

8、new students，I would like to introduce our clubs to you． Cool Players is a good choice for sports lovers．Here you can do sports one hour a day to strengthen your body and watch sports matches．If you are interested in books，Smart Readers is a good choice．Reading good books and writing reading no

9、tes is useful to improve your writing and widen your horizons．Do you want to be a good cook? In Excellent Cooks，you will learn how to design healthy menus and cook dishes，which can lead to a healthy life．If you want to design your own clothes，come to Fashion Designers．You can learn a lot from the pr

10、ofessional teachers． These are the most popular clubs in our school，and I hope you can join us． 【名師點評】 范文緊緊圍繞圖畫中展示的內(nèi)容，向讀者介紹了學(xué)校各個社團(tuán)的名稱，開展的活動及活動的目的，要點齊全，語言簡潔準(zhǔn)確。 知 識 清 單 【實戰(zhàn)演練】 (一) 某學(xué)校對中學(xué)生課余活動進(jìn)行了調(diào)查，結(jié)果如下： 請根據(jù)圖表1提供的信息描述中學(xué)生每天的課余活動，

11、并針對圖表2中每個數(shù)據(jù)反映的情況寫出你的看法。 要求：不少于60詞。

12、 (二) 曾有這樣的事件：老人跌倒，路人不敢出手相助。某記者就“What will you do if an old man falls down?”這一問題對200名學(xué)生進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。請根據(jù)下面的調(diào)查結(jié)果寫一篇80詞左右的英語短文。開頭已給出，不

13、計入總詞數(shù)。 What will you do if an old man falls down? A reporter did a survey about“What will you do if an old man falls down?”among 200 students．Here are the results．

14、

15、 (三) 為了解同學(xué)們的理想，我們在100名學(xué)生中進(jìn)行了一次調(diào)查采訪。采訪主要是圍繞“What do you want to be when you grow up?”和“Why?”這兩個問題進(jìn)行的，請你根據(jù)以下調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)寫一份以“The dre

16、am jobs”為題的報告。詞數(shù)80左右。(報告開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。) In order to know more about ideas of students，we made a survey among 100 students in our schoo1．Here are the results。

17、

18、 (四) 你校設(shè)想在“英語周”期間進(jìn)行一次英語演講比賽，為此你對部分同學(xué)進(jìn)行了問卷調(diào)查，了解他們參與比賽的意愿。請你根據(jù)下面的內(nèi)容，用英語寫一篇短文，并談?wù)勀愕南敕ā? 要求：1．文章必須包括以上所有的信息，可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)； 2．你的想法必須在兩個句子以上； 3．詞數(shù)：80左右，文章開頭已給出(不計入總詞數(shù))，你只需

19、接著寫。 參考詞匯：演講比賽speech contest；自信的confident I have recently done a survey to know if students would like to join in the English speech contest．Here are the results．

20、

21、 （五） Nancy和Victor是雙胞胎。一天他們因為看電視發(fā)生了爭執(zhí)。 請根據(jù)圖片提示，并展開合理想象，完整地描述這件事情，然后談?wù)勀愕目捶ā? 要求：1. 短文90詞左右，以給出的部分不計入總次數(shù)； 2. 文中不得出現(xiàn)真實姓名和校名。 參考詞匯：遙控器 remote control （六） 仔細(xì)觀察下列三幅圖片，展開合理想象，寫

22、一篇短文。 grandfather’s well father’s well son’s well 提示詞：rope 繩子 broadcast 宣傳 call on 號召 make contributions to 為…做出貢獻(xiàn) 要求：1. 話題作文或圖示作文任選其一。2. 詞數(shù)在80～100詞之間。 3. 要求字跡工整，語法正確，意思連貫，合乎邏輯，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。

23、 （七） 某中學(xué)在開展“崇尚節(jié)儉，文明做人(advocating thrift and being civilized)”活動一年來，取得了很好的效果，但還有極少數(shù)學(xué)生做得不夠好，在校園里依然還會出現(xiàn)以下圖片中的情形。請你選擇以下現(xiàn)象中的幾種或全部進(jìn)行描述，并就中學(xué)生如何“杜絕浪費，文明做人”提出至少兩點建議。 leave the tap on leave the lights on throw the

24、food away draw on the wall drop rubbish everywhere 要求：1. 文中不得出現(xiàn)真實的人名、校名。 2. 語言通順，意思連貫，書寫規(guī)范。 3. 詞數(shù)80～100。文章的開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。 Some middle school students aren’t doing enough in “advocating thrift and being civilized”.

25、

26、 （八） 為促進(jìn)全民閱讀，某校對全體學(xué)生的課外閱讀情況做了個問卷調(diào)查。請根據(jù)下列調(diào)查數(shù) 據(jù)和相關(guān)文字提示，以“Let's Read More！”為題，用英語寫一篇短文，說明課外閱讀的現(xiàn) 狀和意義，井就中學(xué)生如何更好地開展課閱讀活動提出你的建議。 注意 1.詞數(shù)90左右，短文的開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。 2.文中不得提及有關(guān)個人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等‘ Let's Read More! To go with the

27、 Civil Reading, our school has done a survey and found that...

28、 （九） 請以Actions speak louder than words為題，寫一篇短文，簡要描述下圖中的三個畫面，并談?wù)勛约旱南敕ā? 注意：1.詞數(shù)90左右，已給出的部分不計入總詞數(shù)。 2.可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，使短文連貫、通順。 3.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實姓名和校名。 （十） 隨著中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，很多老百姓選擇了假期出游。但是，對于國人景區(qū)不文明現(xiàn)象的報道比比皆是。請你根據(jù)圖表中提示的要點內(nèi)容用英語寫一篇短文，呼吁大家文明出行，營造一個和諧的社會環(huán)境。 Respect(尊重)local customs. Behave well whe

29、n going out. Don’t carve characters(刻字) everywhere. everywhere. Often say “please” or “thank you”. Don’t push in before others. …… …… 要求： 1. 包含所有圖表信息，并適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，圖表中“……”信息

30、需補(bǔ)全。 2. 語句通順，意思連貫，書寫整潔。 3. 詞句不少于80字。開頭已給，不計入總詞數(shù)。 With the development of our country, more and more people choose to travel to tourist attractions during the holidays.

31、 （十一） Peter是一名初三的學(xué)生。運動讓他的生活發(fā)生了巨大的變化。 請根據(jù)所給圖畫，展開適當(dāng)?shù)穆?lián)想，完成下面的短文。 THE BEST PLAYER ··· Zhao Yang Football Club medicine 注意： 1．文中不得出現(xiàn)你的真實姓名和學(xué)校名稱； 2．語言通順，意思連貫，條理清楚，書寫規(guī)范； 3

32、．詞數(shù)80左右，文章的開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。 Sport makes a difference Peter is a Grade 9 student.

33、 （十二） 下面六幅圖描述了十月九日星期三早晨你所經(jīng)歷的一件事。請根據(jù)這些圖畫，用英語寫一篇日記。 注意： 1. 日記須包括所有圖畫的內(nèi)容，可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，使其連貫。 　　 2. 日記格式已寫出，注意時態(tài)。 3. 詞數(shù)：80 左右。 　　Oct. 9th Wednesday Fine In the morning，my friend and I

34、 （十三） 近日，學(xué)校開展向名人學(xué)習(xí)的主題活動。我準(zhǔn)備向全班同學(xué)介紹屠呦呦的事跡，

35、內(nèi)容如下： 基本情況 Tu Youyou，1930年12月30日出生于浙江。 很小的時候，她就表現(xiàn)出對醫(yī)學(xué)的興趣。 是第一個獲得諾貝爾獎的中國女性。 主要經(jīng)歷 1.1950年畢業(yè)于北京大學(xué)，在學(xué)校她學(xué)習(xí)刻苦，深受同學(xué)和老師的喜歡。 2.一直和同事親密合作。 3.把大部分時間都投入到古代醫(yī)學(xué)研究中。 4.盡管遇到困難，她并沒有放棄。 主要成就 1. 努力推進(jìn)中醫(yī)運用。 2.發(fā)現(xiàn)了治療malaria（瘧疾）的方法。 3.她的發(fā)現(xiàn)拯救了很多生命。 我的感想 她是我們國家的驕傲。 我們應(yīng)該……（至少發(fā)揮兩點） 注意事項： 1. 詞數(shù)在100個左右，短文開頭已在答題

36、卷上給出，不計入總詞數(shù)； 2. 短文內(nèi)容必須寫在答題卷指定的位置上。 3.參考詞匯:push for(推進(jìn)) Nobel Prize(諾貝爾獎) These days, our school is organizing a theme activity called Learning from the great people. I would like to introduce TuYouyou to you,___________________________ __________________________________________________________

37、____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

38、__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In my opinion, ____

39、_________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 參考答案 (一) It goes without saying that it is important for middle school students to have good activities after class．A school

40、 did a survey about students alter-class activities last week． According to the survey，some students spend time doing housework and playing sports．Some students play computer games and listen to music in their spare time．Others enjoy watching TV very much．However，it takes most of their time eve

41、ry day to do their homework． Seeing the result，I have to be honest to say students should spend much more time doing exercise．As we all know，nothing is more important than having a healthy body．And sports can give us more chances to breathe the fresh air．As far as I am concerned，It’s good for m

42、y health to spend as much time as possible doing exercise． In my opinion，whatever you think，no matter what you 1ike to do，you need to get your daily life balanced．Only if you do this，can you live a healthy and happy life． （二） What will you do if an old man falls do

43、wn? A reporter did a survey about“What will you do if an old man falls down?” among 200 students．Here are the results． 25％of the students will help the old man stand up at once without thinking，because it’s their duty to help old people in trouble．And 80 students will offer help when the

44、man asks．a(chǎn)nd they will ask someone else to help the old man together．Only 30 students will refuse to offer help，because they worry that they may be regarded as the person who hurts the old man and be asked to pay money．But they will call the police．The rest students will see whether the old man nee

45、ds help or not． (三) The dream jobs In order to know more about the ideas of students，we made a survey among 100 students in our schoo1．Here are the results．Most of them want to be businessmen because they think businessmen are rich．More

46、 of them want to be doctors．They can save sick people．Some want to be teachers．They think the teachers can make people learn more knowledge．The rest students want to do other jobs．Some want to be policemen．They think the work is exciting．But some don’t want to be policemen．They think they are danger

47、ous． But they believe the work is good for people．It can help catch the thieves．Some want to be nurses．They can help doctors and sick people． What do you want to be in the future? (四) I have recently done a survey to know if students would like to join in the

48、 English speech contest．Here are the results．Most students would like to take part in the contest．They think it will help them improve their speaking skills and become more confident．Besides，they can learn from others．However，27％of the students won’t join in the contest．Some of them are not brave en

49、ough to speak in public．Others are afraid that they will fail．What’s more，they have to spend a lot of time practicing． As for me，I'd like to join in the contest．I can make some new friends and challenge myself at the same time． （五） （六） By watching the three pictures above, we can see that

50、there is less and less underground water as the rope of the well becomes longer and longer. We all know that water is important for us. We can’t live without it. But we are short of drinking water now. As middle school students, what should we do to save water? First, we are supposed to volunteer

51、to broadcast the importance of saving water to the public. It’s necessary for us to call on people to save water. Second, we should do everything we can in our daily life. For example, we must turn off the tap as soon as we finish using it. After washing vegetables, we can use it to water the flowe

52、rs. After washing faces, it’s better to use it to clean the floor. In a word, everyone should make contributions to saving water so that we won’t see that the last drop of water is our tears. Let’s work together to save water! （七） Some middle school students aren’t doing enough in “advocati

53、ng thrift and being civilized.” We’re sorry to see that there is still some waste in our school! For example, some often leave the taps on after washing their hands. In the dinning hall, a lot of food can be seen left after the meals. What’s worse, we often find that waste paper is thrown everyw

54、here, which makes others feel uncomfortable. In addition, some students like to write or draw on the wall or on the desk. As middle school students, we should develop good habits and stop wasting anything. Let’s do it from now on! (91 words) （八） Let’s Read More! To go with the Civil Reading

55、， our school has done a survey and found that 56% of the students spend less than one hour reading after class each day, while 33% read for 1 to 2 hours, and only 11% read for more than 3 hours. This is not satisfying. As we all know, reading makes a full man. Reading not only increases our knowled

56、ge, improves our ability to solve problems, but also helps us form a good habit and makes our life colourful. As students, it's time for us to read more. Let's start reading clubs, set classroom bookshelves and organize reading competitions, so that we can do better in our study. （九） Actions spe

57、ak louder than words It happened in the park. Someone left the tap running after washing hands. Soon after an old man passed by and saw this. He was surprised. “What happened? Who did it?” He shook his head and went away. Then a young man came. When he saw this, he was so angry that he began s

58、houting, “What a waste!” With these words, he also left. After a while, a little girl who was playing nearby quietly walked to the tap and turned it off without saying anything. We may see such things in our daily life. Just as the saying goes, “Actions speak louder than words.” It’s no use ju

59、st complaining. Everyone can do something to make a change! （十） With the development of our country, more and more people choose to travel to tourist attractions during the holidays. I think it’s important for us to know how to behave well when going out. Here is some of my advice. First, we shou

60、ldn’t carve characters or spit everywhere. Second, don’t push in before others if there are a lot of people waiting in line. In my opinion, it’s polite of us to respect local customs when we are in a strange place. If you meet some problems, ask the guide for help before you act. Third, try to say “

61、please” and “thank you” as often as possible. Last but not the least, remember to drop rubbish into the dustbin. We should keep the place clean and tidy. If everyone can behave politely in public, we can make the world a better place for us to live. （十一） Peter is a Grade 9 student. He used to be

62、very weak and had to take a lot of medicine. He wanted to be as healthy as his classmates, so he decided to do sport. He joined ZhaoYang Football Club and practised hard there. Because of football, his life has changed a lot. he finds himself much healthier than before. Now, he has grown into a t

63、all strong guy. What’s more, he is very good at playing football. Last month, he took part in School Football Match and won the Best Player Award. Peter needn’t take a lot of medicine any more. Sport makes a great difference to his life. （十二） In the morning，my friend and I went to the park by b

64、ike. A boy before us was riding a bike very fast. Suddenly he fell off his bike and hurt his leg. He was lying on the ground and couldn't move. My friend and I ran to him and tried to help him. We decided to send him to the nearest hospital at once. In the hospital, he was well examined and given ti

65、mely treatment. His parents came to the hospital soon after getting a call. We told them what had happened. They were grateful to us for helping their son. Though we didn’t play in the park, we felt very happy! （十三） These days, our school is organizing a theme activity called Learning from the gre

66、at people,I would like to introduce Tu Youyou to you. She was born on December 30,1930 in Zhejiang. When she was very young, she showed interest in medicine. She is the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel Prize. She graduated from Beijing University. She worked hard and was popular among the students and teachers. She always worked closely with her workmates.She devoted most of her time to studying ancient medicine . Though she had/met many difficulties, she never gave up. She has pushed for th