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1、完形填空解題技巧,2007年全國(guó)各地完形填空詞性分布,高考英語(yǔ)完形填空趨勢(shì),從近幾年全國(guó)高考的完形填空來(lái)看，主要是從語(yǔ)義搭配、結(jié)構(gòu)搭配、慣用搭配及邏輯知識(shí)等方面來(lái)測(cè)試學(xué)生詞匯的掌握及運(yùn)用。而且有些詞的選擇，必須在理解整篇文章的基礎(chǔ)上，才能作出正確的判斷。,高考英語(yǔ)完形填空考查熱點(diǎn),熱點(diǎn)1 語(yǔ)篇理解,熱點(diǎn)2 邏輯推理，歸納概括,熱點(diǎn)3 情景運(yùn)用，常識(shí)應(yīng)用,熱點(diǎn)4 上下文聯(lián)系,熱點(diǎn)5 詞語(yǔ)辨析,一、英語(yǔ)完形填空解題思路,跳過(guò)空格，通讀全文， 把握大意,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，綜合考慮，初定答案,再讀全文，仔細(xì)檢查,二、完形填空的解題技巧,1）根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境解題,5）根據(jù)生活常識(shí)及文化背景解題,4）根據(jù)詞語(yǔ)固定搭

2、配及辨析解題,2）根據(jù)句段間的邏輯推理關(guān)系解題,3) 根據(jù)詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn)解題,1）上下文語(yǔ)境,把具體的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)溶進(jìn)具體的語(yǔ)言情景中去，考查考生通過(guò)上下文的前后提示或暗示，對(duì)整體文意進(jìn)行把握的能力。這種考查方式所占的比例較大，且難度也大，若單純從句子或個(gè)別段落來(lái)分析，或許所給的四個(gè)答案在語(yǔ)法和結(jié)構(gòu)上都是正確的，若放在全局，則不一定正確。因此，快速瀏覽全文，領(lǐng)悟文章主旨，通過(guò)上下文的語(yǔ)境來(lái)選擇答案是解決這類(lèi)題的關(guān)鍵。,例1： I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father following with two more.

3、By the time I got to the third floor, I was 1 and the same time feeling lonely. Worse still, Dad 2 a step and fell, sending my new suitcase rolling down the stairs.1. A. helpless B. lazy C. anxious D. tired2. A. took B. minded C. missed D. picked,例2: But Ella Fant, who was filled with 1 , shouted at

4、 the top of her voice, Look at 2 Theyre all out ofstep except my John Isnt he the best1. A. sadness B. happiness C. surprise D. regret2. A. them B. her C. that D. him,2）句際間的邏輯推理關(guān)系,完形填空中的任何一句話(huà)往往都不是孤立存在的，而是要靠上下問(wèn)作依托，看前因后果才能確立的。它涉及到文章的起承轉(zhuǎn)合、上下連貫。這類(lèi)題主要考查考生對(duì)上下文邏輯關(guān)系的理解，如轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、讓步關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系、增補(bǔ)關(guān)系、比較關(guān)系以及對(duì)比關(guān)系等。

5、,例1： It has been many years since I was last in London, _ I still remember something that happened during that visit. A. and B. for C. but D. as,例2： A transistor radio is sometimes very small. It is very easy to carry 48 , radio broadcasts are better for blind people. 48. A. Besides B. However C. Ye

6、t D. Sometimes,例3 and the officers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms had a very strange 38 quite pleasant taste.38. A. besides B. but C. and D. or,例4： They are some of the poorest people in a poverty stricken country. 53 , now they have an extra source of income . 53. A. But B

7、. And C. However D. Therefore,3)詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn),“詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn)”是指某一詞以原詞、同義詞或近義詞、概括詞以及其他形式重復(fù)出現(xiàn)在語(yǔ)篇之中。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)的語(yǔ)用意義是使得語(yǔ)篇中的句子相互銜接和連貫，從而構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整和有機(jī)的意義整體。大體上說(shuō)，詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn)包括：原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、概括詞復(fù)現(xiàn)和注釋性復(fù)現(xiàn)。,例1： The strange thing was that practically all the students went to class, and very few people stayed up late at night. Only th

8、e new people stayed up or _ class. (NMET2000春） A. attended B. took C. missed D. studied,文章中or連接的是并列成分，所以空格中的內(nèi)容應(yīng)與上文went to class 構(gòu)成相反的意義，該題屬于反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)象。,例2： How does a tooth go bad? The 51 begins in a little crack in the enamel(琺瑯）covering of the tooth. This happens after germs and bits of food have col

9、lected there. Then the decay slowly spreads inside the tooth. In the end, poison goes into blood, and we may feel quite ill. (2002, 上海春季招生） 51. A. destruction B. decay C. fault D. hurt,上文中講蛀牙如何產(chǎn)生。 空51和紅體單詞在意義上是一致的， 屬于同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)象。,4)詞語(yǔ)固定搭配及辨析,完形填空題中對(duì)詞匯知識(shí)的考查主要體現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣用法和同義詞、近義詞的辨析兩個(gè)方面。習(xí)慣用法是英語(yǔ)中某些固定的結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)，不能隨意變

10、動(dòng)。所以，考生應(yīng)掌握習(xí)慣用法，用它來(lái)分析破解完形填空題或許可算得上是一件秘密武器。詞義辨析題的比重有加大的趨勢(shì)。要做好這類(lèi)題目，非得有較大的詞匯量、較強(qiáng)的詞語(yǔ)搭配能力。,例1：I realized strength and courage arent always 1 in medals and victories, but in the 2 we overcome. (2004 天津 ) 1. A. measured B. praised C. tested D. increased 2. A. sadness B. struggles C. diseases D. tiredness,例2

11、: The other day I was sitting in a small restaurant having a quiet drink and a talk with a few friends when it suddenly 1 me that almost everyone in the restaurant was smoking. It wasnt long 2 the whole room was filled with smoke. 1. A. seemed B. struck C. sank D. showed 2. A. ago B. after C. before

12、 D. now,5)生活常識(shí)及文化背景知識(shí),完形填空題以自身的內(nèi)容提供完整的語(yǔ)篇信息，其間無(wú)不滲透著各類(lèi)相關(guān)的常識(shí)與知識(shí)?？忌鲱}時(shí)，若能積極地調(diào)動(dòng)自己的文化背景知識(shí)和生活常識(shí)，將會(huì)大大簡(jiǎn)化復(fù)雜的分析與判斷過(guò)程，節(jié)省寶貴的時(shí)間，順理成章地選出正確的答案。因此，這就要求考生平時(shí)注意知識(shí)的積累，并加強(qiáng)不同學(xué)科間的知識(shí)融合，有意識(shí)地了解一些英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的文化背景知識(shí)，這對(duì)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)和應(yīng)試將大有幫助。,例1： ,she was always waiting at the bus stop around 8:00. On 39 days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair o

13、f woolen gloves. 39. A.sunny B.rainy C.cloudy D.snowy,例2： Immediately) the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to thehospital. A. animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest,例3：. One thing we all do now and again is to lose our 54 with a friend and close relatives. The odd thing is that we more oft

14、en display great 55 towards someone we are fond of than towards 56 . ( 2002 上海卷） 54. A. mind B. memory C. manner D. temper 55. A. anger B. interest C. love D. respect 56. A. strangers B. friends C. relatives D. colleagues,在日常生活中人們通常會(huì)對(duì)親戚朋友或者自己發(fā)脾氣，但卻不在陌生人身上。 加上morethan的句型，則可以判斷出答案了。,三、實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練,做題三忌： 急于求成，

15、未通讀全文便忙于答題，不了解文意，無(wú)整體概念邊讀邊填，兩眼忙于空白與選項(xiàng)之間，欲速則不達(dá)。 只摳字眼，語(yǔ)法，不顧文意，抓不住關(guān)鍵。 斷章取義，就題論題，不管前后聯(lián)系，互不照應(yīng)，前后矛盾。,Are dreams of any use to the dreamer or to anybody else? We may remember the traveler who _1_ the ship Waratah at Durban because of his terrible _2_. The Waratah later disappeared entirely, with everyone on

16、 _3_. The travelers dreams helped him and saved him from _4_, but they didnt help the other people. Why was this man treated _5_ from everyone else?,1. A. leftB. got C. droveD. enter 2. A. ideas B. suggestions C. dreamsD. words 3. A. boardB. ship C. seaD. deck 4. A. lifeB. death C. illnessD. disease

17、 5. A. similarly B. differently C. strangely D. unfortunately,left,board,death,differently,dreams,Another man _6_ had a dream about the Black Forest in Germany. In his dream he was walking in the forest _7_ two men ran out and tried to throw him to the _8_. He ran off as fast as he could, but they f

18、ollowed. He reached a place _9_ he saw two _10_ roads in front of him, one to the right and the other to the left. Which road ought he to _11_ ?,6. A. aloneB. once C. stillD. even 7. A. whileB. as C. beforeD. when 8. A. floorB. earth C. soilD. ground 9. A. whichB. that C. whereD. who 10. A. sameB. s

19、eparate C. dividedD. crossed 11. A. takeB. bring C. carryD. go,句型,下文有暗示,賓語(yǔ),separate,where,ground,when,once,take,He heard the two men _12_ him, getting nearer and at the same time he heard a voice in his ear. It told him to go to the _13_ , and he did so. He ran on and soon came to a small hotel. He

20、was _14_ here kindly and given a room, and so he was _15_ from the two men. That was the dream.,12. A. next to B. in front of C. besideD. behind 13. A. houseB. hotel C. leftD. right 14. A. accepted B. received C. refusedD. closed 15. A. killed B. murdered C. savedD. robbed,behind,right,下文有暗示,receive

21、d,saved,16. A. exactlyB. really C. sincerely D. actually 17. A. happened B. performed C. actedD. chose 18. A. forgot B. remembered C. missed D. noticed 19. A. arrivedB. left C. reachedD. got 20. A. agoB. before C. laterD. after,Twenty years later he was _16_ in the Black Forest and as it _17_ in the

22、 dream long before, two men ran out and tried to throw him down. He ran off, and came to a place with two roads as in the dream.He_18_ the dream and took the road to the right. He soon _19_a small hotel, was taken in, and so was safe. His dream of twenty years _20_ had Saved his life.,really,happened,remembered,reached,before,第11題答案,第13題答案,完形填空的解題技巧,課堂小結(jié),1）根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境解題,2）根據(jù)句段間的邏輯推理關(guān)系解題,3) 根據(jù)詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn)解題,4）根據(jù)詞語(yǔ)固定搭配及辨析解題,5）根據(jù)生活常識(shí)及文化背景解題,thank you,Thank you !,