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1、專題十四賓語(yǔ)從句,,,,,2019全新版,(6年6考；單項(xiàng)填空)分析廣東近6年中考真題可知，賓語(yǔ)從句是單項(xiàng)填空的必考點(diǎn)之一(共1分)，主要考查賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)序及引導(dǎo)詞。近6年考查形式主要有以下幾個(gè)方面：1.引導(dǎo)詞(2018廣東中考)2.時(shí)態(tài)＋語(yǔ)序(2017廣東中考)3.引導(dǎo)詞＋語(yǔ)序(2016、2014、2013廣東中考)4.引導(dǎo)詞＋時(shí)態(tài)(2015廣東中考),考點(diǎn)精講,易錯(cuò)盤點(diǎn),解題技巧,試題精練,1.作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。如：Iknow(that)shehasreturned.我知道她已經(jīng)回來(lái)了。,考點(diǎn)精講,考點(diǎn)賓語(yǔ)從句的用法,在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的句子被稱為賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句屬于名詞性從句，在句子

2、中起名詞作用，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞詞組。主要考查三要素：引導(dǎo)詞、語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。,2.作形容詞或過(guò)去分詞的賓語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的形容詞或過(guò)去分詞有：glad,certain,sure,happy,afraid,satisfied,pleased,surprised,disappointed等。如：Imafraid(that)youdontunderstandwhatIsaid.恐怕你沒(méi)理解我說(shuō)的話。3.作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。如：Iwasratherangryatwhathesaid.我對(duì)他說(shuō)的話相當(dāng)生氣。,1.陳述句的引導(dǎo)詞用thatthat：無(wú)意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，只起連接作用，口語(yǔ)中可省略。如：Hesaid(that

3、)Katewasgoodatswimming.他說(shuō)凱特擅長(zhǎng)游泳。,考點(diǎn)賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞,2.一般疑問(wèn)句的引導(dǎo)詞用if/whetherif/whether:意思為“是否”，不充當(dāng)句子成分，但不可省略。一般if和whether兩者可以互換，但有ornot時(shí)只用whether，一般不用if。如：Idontknowif/whetheryoucanhelpme.我不知道你是否可以幫我。Idontknowwhetherornothewillcome.我不知道他是否會(huì)來(lái)。,3.特殊疑問(wèn)句的引導(dǎo)詞用疑問(wèn)代詞/副詞疑問(wèn)代詞：who,whom,what,whoever,whatever,whose,which,這

4、些詞有詞義，且充當(dāng)從句中的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。如：Idontknowwhattheyaretalkingabout.我不知道他們?cè)谡務(wù)撌裁础?賓語(yǔ))Shecantdecidewhichbagsheshouldbuy.她不能確定該買哪個(gè)包。(定語(yǔ)),疑問(wèn)副詞：where,when,why,how,這些詞有詞義，且充當(dāng)從句中的狀語(yǔ)。如：IwilltellyouwhyIaskedyoutocome.我將告訴你為什么叫你來(lái)。(原因狀語(yǔ))MymomwantstoknowwhenIcanfinishmyhomework.我媽媽想知道我什么時(shí)候能完成作業(yè)。(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)),考點(diǎn)賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序,1.主句是現(xiàn)在

5、時(shí)，從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況使用相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。如：Ithinkhehasfinishedhishomework.我覺(jué)得他已經(jīng)完成他的作業(yè)了。2.主句是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。如：Katesaidthatshewasshoppingatthistimeyesterday.凱特說(shuō)昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候她正在購(gòu)物。,考點(diǎn)賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài),3.當(dāng)從句表示的是客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象等時(shí)，不管主句使用什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：YesterdayMissLisaidthatwaterboilsat100℃.昨天李老師說(shuō)水的沸點(diǎn)是100℃。,注意(1)有些疑問(wèn)詞作句子主語(yǔ)，問(wèn)句本身是陳述語(yǔ)序，在變成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，語(yǔ)

6、序無(wú)變化。如：Doyouknowwhatishappeningoverthere?你知道那邊正發(fā)生什么事嗎？,(2)Whatswrong/Whatsthematterwith...?在賓語(yǔ)從句中語(yǔ)序不變。如：Iwanttoknowwhatswrongwithyou.我想知道你怎么了。(3)賓語(yǔ)從句的簡(jiǎn)化：當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是know,remember,ask,tell,show,teach等時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為“疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：,Shedoesntknowwhensheshouldgothere.＝Shedoesntknowwhentogothere.她不

7、知道什么時(shí)候去那里。(4)注意當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think,believe,suppose等時(shí)，如果賓語(yǔ)從句表示否定意義，否定詞要移到主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。如：Idontthinkyouareright.我認(rèn)為你是不對(duì)的。,()1.(2018廣東)—Couldyoutellme______youdlikemetopayyou?—Youdbetterusemobilepayment.Idontcare______itisAlipayorWeChatPay.A．how;whetherB．how;whyC．what;whetherD．what;why,A,()2.(2017廣東)—D

8、oyouknow______yesterday?—Yes.Hewentfortheboatrace.A．whydidntPetergotoschoolB．whydoesntPetergotoschoolC．whyPeterdidntgotoschoolD．whyPeterdoesntgotoschool,C,()3.(2016廣東)—Iwonder______.—ItwillfallonaSaturday.A．howwilltheNationalDayfallonthisyearB．howtheNationalDaywillfallonthisyearC．whatdaywilltheNatio

9、nalDayfallonthisyearD．whatdaytheNationalDaywillfallonthisyear,D,()4.(2015廣東)—Davidasked______inChina.—Ofcoursenot.Chineseusuallyshakehandswithaladyasagreeting.A．whyhecangreetaladybykissingherB．whyhecouldgreetaladybykissingherC．whetherhecangreetaladybykissingherD．whetherhecouldgreetaladybykissingher,

10、D,()5.(2014廣東)—Doyouknow______？—8,844.43meters.Itsapopularplacewithmountainclimbers.A．howhighisMountQomolangmaB．howlongisMountQomolangmaC．howhighMountQomolangmaisD．howlongMountQomolangmais,C,()6.(2013廣東)—Haveyouaskedthepoliceman______？—Yes.HetoldustoturnleftontoMainStreet.Itsontheright.A．ifthereisab

11、anknearhereB．howcanwegettothenearestbankC．wherecanwefindabankD．whenwecangotothenearestbank,A,()7.(2018梅州市模擬)—Doyouknow______？—At8：00am.A．wherethelibraryisB．whendoesthelibraryopeneverydayC．whenthelibraryopenseverydayD．whereisthelibrary,C,()8.(2018汕頭市潮南區(qū)模擬)—Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellme______？—Sorry,I

12、amnewhere.A．wherethebookstorewasB．howcanIgotothebookstoreC．howtogettothebookstoreD．howfaristhebookstore,C,()9.(2018惠州市惠東中學(xué)模擬)—Canyoutellme______？—Sure.HelivesonCenterStreet.A．wheredoesheliveB．wherehelivesC．whyhelivesthereD．whatdoeshedo,B,()10.(2018江門市江海區(qū)模擬)—Iwanttoknow______.—BecauseIhadasmallaccide

13、ntonmywaytoschool.A．whywereyoulateagainB．whyyouwerelateagainC．whatyoudidonyourwaytoschoolD．whatdidyoudoonyourwaytoschool,B,()11.(2018汕頭市龍湖區(qū)模擬)—WhydidMissLilooksoworriedwhenwesawher?—Becauseshewondered______.A．wheredidtheotherstudentsgoB．whenwouldthepolicemancomeC．whatherstudentshavedoneduringthetrip

14、D．ifhersonhadsurvivedtheearthquake,D,()12.(2018湛江二中模擬)—Weshouldthinkabout______toourenvironmentbeforedoingsomething.—Icouldntagreemore.A．whatwillitdoB．howwillitdoC．whatitwilldoD．howitwilldo,C,注意當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think,believe,suppose等，且主句的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱時(shí)，從句中的否定詞通常要前移。()13.I______thefirstprize.A．believeIdidntgetB．do

15、ntbelieveIgotC．believedidntIgetD．dontIbelieveget,易錯(cuò)盤點(diǎn),易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)賓語(yǔ)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移,B,()14.I______fromtheMars(火星)．A．dontthinkhecomesB．thinkhedoesntcomeC．thinkhewontcomeD．didntthinkhecome,A,注意賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述語(yǔ)序，但若引導(dǎo)詞是特殊疑問(wèn)詞且在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，語(yǔ)序不變。()15.—Doyouknow______？—Yes,hehasabadcold.A．whatishethematterwithB．whatheisthematterwithC．

16、whatsthematterwithhimD．whathewasthematterwith,易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序,C,先用語(yǔ)序判斷(陳述語(yǔ)序)→再用時(shí)態(tài)求證→最后用引導(dǎo)詞的意思決定。例Mr.Jacksonhasntdecided______thisweekend.A．wherehewillhaveapicnicB．wherewillhehaveapicnicC．wherehehadapicnicD．wheredidhehaveapicnic,解題技巧,技巧排除法,A,方法點(diǎn)撥賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述語(yǔ)序，所以排除B、D，又根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“thisweekend”和句意“還沒(méi)決定這個(gè)周末去哪里野餐”，可以排除C，因此答案為A。,,,謝謝觀看,,,Exit,,