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1、There?be?句型? 1.?定義：There?be句型表示某處存在某物或某人。 2.?結(jié)構(gòu)：(1)?There?is?+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+?地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ).???????????? ?(2)?There?are?+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ).?? there是引導(dǎo)詞，在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，翻譯時(shí)也不必譯出。句子的主語(yǔ)是某人或某物，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be要與主語(yǔ)（某人或某物）的數(shù)保持一致。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與跟它最近的那個(gè)名詞一致。? ?①?There?is?a?bird?in?the?tree.???樹(shù)上有一只鳥(niǎo)。? ②?There?is?a?teacher?and?m

2、any?students?in?our?classroom.??我們教室里有一位老師和許多學(xué)生。? ③?There?are?two?boys?and?a?girl?under?the?tree.?樹(shù)下有兩個(gè)男孩，一個(gè)女孩。 3. ?There?be句型與have的區(qū)別： ?(1)?There?be?句型和have都表示“有”的含義。區(qū)別如下：There?be表示“某處存在某物或某人”，強(qiáng)調(diào)存在關(guān)系；have表示“某人擁有某物/某人”，強(qiáng)調(diào)所有、擁有關(guān)系。? There?be結(jié)構(gòu)一般用在句子的開(kāi)頭，而have(has)等詞只能用于某一個(gè)主語(yǔ)后面。? ?eg.? ①?He?has?two

3、?sons.???他有兩個(gè)兒子。 ? ②?There?are?two?men?in?the?office.????辦公室里有兩個(gè)男人。? (2)?當(dāng)have表示“包括”、“存在”的含義時(shí)，There?be?句型與其可互換。? e.g.??A?week?has?seven?days.?=There?are?seven?days?in?a?week.??一個(gè)星期有七天。? ? 4.?There?be句型的時(shí)態(tài)? There?be可以有現(xiàn)在時(shí)（there?is/are）、過(guò)去時(shí)(there?was/were)、將來(lái)時(shí)(there?is/are?going?to?be或there?wil

4、l?be)； 5. ?There?be句型的句式:?? 變臉一：否定句?? There?be句型的否定式的構(gòu)成和含有be動(dòng)詞的其它句型一樣，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副詞，no為形容詞，not?a/an/any?+?n.?相當(dāng)于no+?n.。例如：?? There?are?some?pictures?on?the?wall.?→There?aren't?any?pictures?on?the?wall.? =There?are?no?pictures?on?the?wall.?? There?is?a?bike?behind?the?tree.?→?Th

5、ere?isn't?a?bike?behind?the?tree.?=There?is?no?bike?behind?the?tree.??? 變臉二：一般疑問(wèn)句?? There?be句型的一般疑問(wèn)句變化是把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)整到句首，再在句尾加上問(wèn)號(hào)即可，此為\"調(diào)整法\"。但同時(shí)要注意：當(dāng)肯定句中有some時(shí)，要將其改為any（否定變化也一樣）?？纯聪旅鎯删涫侨绾蝄"改頭換面\"的吧：??There?is?some?water?on?Mars.?→?Is?there?any?water?on?Mars??? There?are?some?fish?in?the?water.?→Are?ther

6、e?any?fish?in?the?water????? 變臉三：特殊疑問(wèn)句?? There?be 句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式有以下三種變化：? ?①?對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人時(shí)，用"Who's+介詞短語(yǔ)?"；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是物時(shí)，用"What's?+?介詞短語(yǔ)?"。注意：無(wú)論原句的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，對(duì)之提問(wèn)時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來(lái)決定)。如：??There?are?many?things?over?there.?→What's?over?there??? There?is?a?little?girl?in?the?room.??→Who?is?in?the?room???

7、 ②?對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn)：提問(wèn)地點(diǎn)當(dāng)然用"Where?is?/?are+主語(yǔ)?"啦！例如：??There?is?a?computer?on?the?desk.?→?Where?is?the?computer??? There?are?four?children?on?the?playground.?→Where?are?the?four?children?? ?③?對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)：一般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)：?? How?many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are?there+介詞短語(yǔ)？?? How?much+不可數(shù)名詞+is?there+介詞短語(yǔ)定變化也一樣）。 看看下面兩句是如何\"改頭換面\"的吧：??There?is?some?water?on?Mars.?→?Is?there?any?water?on?Mars??? There?are?some?fish?in?the?water.?→Are?there?any?fish?in?the?water???