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1、3單元語(yǔ)法總結(jié)：some與any的用法 我們用some或者any表示事物的數(shù)量。 一、some與any的區(qū)別 some常用在肯定句中，any常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。some和any作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。例如： There are ________ boys playing games on the playground. 在操場(chǎng)上，有一些男孩正在玩游戲。 They didn’t have ________ friends here. 他們?cè)谶@里沒(méi)有朋友。 I have ________ work to do today. 今天我有些工作要做。

2、 Have you got ________ questions to ask? 你有問(wèn)題要問(wèn)嗎？ 【注意】當(dāng)我們主動(dòng)提供幫助或要求時(shí)，在問(wèn)句中我們可以用some。當(dāng)我們希望得到肯定的回答時(shí)，也可用some。例如： Would you like some coffee ________ sugar? 你想要一些加糖的咖啡嗎？ 二、some與any的特殊用法 ①any用于肯定句，表示“任何”的意思。例如：You may take any of them. 你可以拿走它們中的____________。 ②some用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，表示“某個(gè)”。例如：Jack went

3、to some place in England. 杰克去了英國(guó)____________。 ③some可以用在表示委婉請(qǐng)求或邀請(qǐng)的問(wèn)句中。例如：Would you like some bananas? 你想吃一些香蕉嗎？/ Could you give me some water? 你可以給我一些水嗎？ 3單元無(wú)縫對(duì)接 考法1：考查詞義辨析 1. (山東東營(yíng)) What ________ will global warming (全球變暖) bring us? Scientists have given us a clear list. A. news B. dange

4、rs C. courses D. advantages 2. (山西) —Mrs. Li, will you be angry ________ your students don’t obey the rules in class? —A little. But I will stop them in a friendly way. A. if B. unless C. though D. until 3. (烏魯木齊) —Excuse me, is this the right way to Children’s Park? —Sorry

5、, I’m not sure. But it ________ be. A. might B. must C. need D. can 4. (呼和浩特) He invited some classmates to come to his party, but ________ came. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few 考法2：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 5. (四川南充) She used to _______ a bus to school, but now she i

6、s used to _______ to school. A. taking; walk C. taking; walking B. take; walk D. take; walking 考法3：考查單詞拼寫(xiě)及短語(yǔ)運(yùn)用 6. (湖北隨州) (根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子，每空一詞) He ________ not answer questions in class, because he is afraid of _______ mistakes. 他不敢在課堂上回答問(wèn)題，因?yàn)樗ε鲁鲥e(cuò)。 7. (四川廣元) (根據(jù)句意，用括號(hào)里所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空) He is very

7、 ________ (friend ) to others, so he has lots of friends there. 8. (湖北襄陽(yáng)) (根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語(yǔ)提示，用句末括號(hào)內(nèi)的英語(yǔ)單詞完成句子) —I feel too nervous to open my mouth when I meet too many people. What shall I do? —Be confident. Remember ________________________________(別怕在公眾面前講話). 考法4：考查句型結(jié)構(gòu) 9. (四川宜賓) Mike is ______

8、__, but his brother is much ________. A. heavy; heavier B. heavy; heaviest C. heavier; heaviest D. heavier; the heaviest 10. (湖南益陽(yáng)) She’s been to shanghai before, ________? A. isn’t she B. hasn’t she C. has she D. is she 考法5：考查介詞搭配 11. (湖北隨州) 它因成功幫助無(wú)家可歸的人重返正常生活而聞名。(根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)提示

9、完成句子，每空一詞) It is famous ________ its success in helping ________ people return to a normal life. 12. (哈爾濱) The sweet smell of the flowers in the garden comes in ________ the open window, making us feel in good mood (心情). A. on B. with C. through D. across 13. (廣州) I couldn

10、’t do it ________ your great help. Thanks a lot! A. with B. without C. for D. to 4單元語(yǔ)法總結(jié)：if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句 一、條件狀語(yǔ)從句的含義 由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的從句構(gòu)成的句子叫復(fù)合句。在復(fù)合句中，作主句狀語(yǔ)的句子叫作狀語(yǔ)從句。狀語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)它表達(dá)的意思可分為很多種，if引導(dǎo)的句子在復(fù)合句中表示條件，作主句的條件狀語(yǔ)，因此稱為條件狀語(yǔ)從句。 If you don’t hurry, you’ll be late. ________

11、________________________________________。 _____________________________________________________. 如果他來(lái)，請(qǐng)讓我知道。 二、條件狀語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu) if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句在句中的位置比較靈活，可以放在主句之前(這時(shí)要和主句用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi))，也可以放在主句的后面(不用逗號(hào))。條件狀語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)為：If +陳述句，主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(=主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+ if +陳述句)，意為“如果……，……就……”。例如： If you ask him, he ______________________________.

12、 如果你問(wèn)他，他將會(huì)告訴你答案。 I hope to visit her if I’m free. 如果________________，我希望去看望她。 三、if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句與主句時(shí)態(tài)的一致性 在復(fù)合句中，從句中的動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)在一定程度上受到主句中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)的制約，英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中稱為時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)。 1. 在含有條件狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，如果主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)表將來(lái)。例如： If ________________ tomorrow, I will stay at home. 如果明天下雨，我將待在家里。 If you study hard, yo

13、u will __________________. 如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，你就會(huì)通過(guò)這次考試。 2. 如果主句含有must, may, can等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如： If you __________________, you may have an accident. 如果你開(kāi)得太快，你可能會(huì)出事故。 3. 如果主句是祈使句，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如： Don’t go and play football if you don’t finish your homework. 如果你沒(méi)有完成你的家庭作業(yè)，就不要去踢足球。 Please _____________

14、___________ if you have any questions. 如果你們有問(wèn)題，請(qǐng)舉手。 四、其他可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的詞 條件狀語(yǔ)從句除用if引導(dǎo)外，還可以用unless(除非)，as / so long as(只要)等引導(dǎo)。例如： He will not leave unless it is fine tomorrow. 除非____________，否則他不會(huì)離開(kāi)。 We should serve the people as / so long as we live. 只要__________，我們就應(yīng)為人民服務(wù)。 4單元中考無(wú)縫對(duì)接 考法1：考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)

15、 1. (孝感市)“Food Safety” has become one of ________ topics recently. A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest 2. (萊蕪市) It is ________ for me to go shopping. There is a new supermarket near my home. A. difficult B. important C. impossible D. convenient

16、3. (十堰市)—Could you please tell me ________? —Of course. Many people in Shiyan know it. A. where is Mount Wudang B. how can I get to Wulong River C. what is Shennongjia famous for D. if there will be a new airport in Shiyan 4. (蘇州市) The park is far away from here indeed. It’s a

17、bout ________ walk. A. a three hour B. a three hour’s C. a three-hours D. a three-hour 5. (四川省) We are planning to go for a picnic this weekend, but it ________ the weather. A. keeps on B. puts on C. depends on D. comes on 考法2：考查短語(yǔ)辨析 6. (昆明市)We are supposed to ________ a

18、 solution to stop people from looking down at their mobile phones while driving cars. A. come up with B. come from C. come out D. come true 7. (哈爾濱市) Our school is planning to ________ a band to give the students a chance to show their musical talent. A. take up B. set up

19、 C. pick up D. put up 考法3：考查詞義辨析 8.(泉州市)—Would you like some milk? —No, thanks. I don’t like it, ________ I know it’s good for my health A. because B. though C. if D. unless 9. (綏化市) It will ________ them several years to learn English well. A. cost B. tak

20、e C. spend D. pay 10. (連云港市)—Would you please see the film with me tonight, Kate? —I’d love to, but I’ve ________ Linda’s invitation to dinner. A. suffered B. earned C. received D. accepted 11. (杭州市) I believe you’ll make ________ progress if you work harder.

21、 A. greater B. less C. the greatest D. the least 考法4：考查詞匯運(yùn)用 wise below Africa invent express 12. (嘉興市：用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空) The world changed faster after the ____________ of the computer. child; celebrate; reduce; show interest in; win an award chat with; for free; go run

22、ning; be proud of; take photos 13. (連云港市：從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~或短語(yǔ)并用其正確形式填空) ________ the World Book Day, the book shop sold books at a discount on April 23rd. 5單元語(yǔ)法總結(jié)：that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句 在句子中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。其中在主句與從句之間有一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞。that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，請(qǐng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)： 一、引導(dǎo)詞that省略與否分以下兩種情況： 1. 可以省略 連詞that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，只起連接主、從句的作用，它本身

23、無(wú)意義，在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中常省略。例如：He says (that) he is a teacher. 他說(shuō)他是一名老師。 2. 不可以省略 (1) 從句的主語(yǔ)是that時(shí)，that不省略。例如：We know that that is ___________________. 我們知道那是一個(gè)有趣的故事。 (2) that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中若再有復(fù)合句，that不能省略。例如：I think that if you have lost the library book, you must ________________. 我認(rèn)為如果你已把圖書(shū)館的書(shū)丟失了，你就必須賠償。

24、 (3)主、從句之間有插人語(yǔ)時(shí)，that不能省略。例如：It says here in the newspaper, that English is getting ____________________________. 報(bào)紙上寫(xiě)著，英語(yǔ)正變得越來(lái)越重要。 二、何時(shí)使用that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句？ that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，用于陳述一件事，即由陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)。例如：He says something. He is listening to the weather report. →He says (that) he is listening to the weather report.

25、 他說(shuō)他 正在聽(tīng)天氣預(yù)報(bào)。 1. 主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think, hear, hope, wish, remember, forget, know, say, guess等時(shí)，常接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。例如：I hope (that) he will be fine soon. 我希望他很快____________。 2. 主句由“連系動(dòng)詞+形容詞”構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)，常接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。這類形容詞多表示感情，如happy, glad, pleased, sad, sure, afraid等。例如：I’m ________ (that) he can’t come.

26、我恐怕他不能來(lái)了。 三、that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句的其他用法： 1. 語(yǔ)序 不論什么情況下，賓語(yǔ)從句都要用陳述語(yǔ)序，即“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他”。例如：Do you think? The radio is too noisy. (合并成主從句) →Do you think (that) the radio is too noisy? 你認(rèn)為收音機(jī)太吵嗎？ 2. 時(shí)態(tài) that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可以用符合句意要求的任一時(shí)態(tài)。例如：He says (that) they ________________ already. 他說(shuō)他們已經(jīng)回來(lái)了。/ He tells m

27、e that he was ________________ 1985. 他告訴我他生于1985年。 注意：如果主句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句要用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的某種形式，如果從句表達(dá)的是客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言、警句、格言、諺語(yǔ)等，盡管主句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如： He said (that) he ________ a new dictionary. 他說(shuō)他買(mǎi)了本新詞典。 I knew they ________ studying English. 我知道他們正在學(xué)英語(yǔ)。 Our teacher told us that light ________ faster

28、 than sound. 我們的老師告訴我們，光比聲音傳播得快。 He said that time ________ life. 他說(shuō)時(shí)間就是生命。 5單元中考無(wú)縫對(duì)接 考法1：考查詞匯運(yùn)用 1. (四川樂(lè)山中考：根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示，寫(xiě)出空自處所缺單詞的正確形式) Jim wants to buy a new iPhone. It will __________ (花費(fèi)) him more than 5000 yuan. 2. (四川宜賓中考：根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子) 這個(gè)MP4雖然最便宜，但是和其他幾個(gè)的質(zhì)量一樣好。 This MP4 is the ___

29、_______, but it is as __________ as other one. 3. (湖北荊門(mén)中考：根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思及句末括號(hào)內(nèi)所給的英語(yǔ)單詞完成句子) 我想知道明天他會(huì)不會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)參加會(huì)議。 _________________ he’ll come to the meeting on time tomorrow. (wonder) 4. (山東煙臺(tái)中考：根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子) 我驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)他今天穿著一件最時(shí)髦的夾克。 I was __________ that he wore a jacket in the latest __________ to

30、day. 5. (山東濟(jì)寧中考：根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子) Most foreign visitors are very __________ (興趣) in Chinese traditional culture. 6. (四川樂(lè)山中考：根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子) 專家建議我們?cè)陟F霾天不要一直開(kāi)著窗戶。 Experts advised us not to __________ the windows __________ all the time on hazy days. 考法2：考查詞形變化 7. (甘

31、肅平?jīng)鲋锌迹河美ㄌ?hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空) You need hard work and luck if you want to achieve your dream __________ (successful). 8. (甘肅蘭州中考：根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示寫(xiě)出單詞) Ten people, __________ (包含) a baby, were hurt in the crash. 考法3：考查單詞拼寫(xiě) 9. (重慶中考) We should think of others if we want to ________ them. A. get on we

32、ll with B. hear of C. get ready for D. hear from 考法4：考查詞義辨析 10. (廣西南寧中考) The bell rang ________ the teacher was explaining the experiment to the students. A. until B. before C. while D. after 11. (浙江臺(tái)州中考) The fruits are ________, be

33、cause they were picked from the garden just now. A. fresh B. cheap C. big D. unhealthy 12. (湖北武漢中考) —May I have a look at your plan for the robot competition, Mr. Smith? —Sorry, Mrs. Brown. I’ve ________ it at home. A. missed B. forgotten C. left

34、 D. lost 13. (湖北武漢中考) —How’s Bob now? —I heard the company ________ him a very good job, but he turned it down. A. donated B. served C. offered D. introduced 14. (黑龍江綏化中考) ________ in the room knew me, but I didn’t know ________. A. Every; him B. Everyone; them

35、 C. Every one; those 考法5：考查固定搭配 15. (山東煙臺(tái)中考) —Why do you speak in ________ a loud voice? —Because I want to make myself ________ clearly. A. such; hear B. so; heard C. such; heard D. so; hear 16. (湖北宜昌中考) —Not only the young but also the old are getting interested ________

36、 WeChat (微信). —They can communicate more freely. A. by B. about C. in D. for 參考答案 1. cost 2. cheapest, good 3. I wonder if 4. surprised, fashion / style 5. interested 6. keep, open 7. successfully 8. including 9-10. AC 11-15. ACCBC 16. C - 6 - 冀教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 3-5單元語(yǔ)法總結(jié)