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1、Unit 7 Emotions and Health I. Teaching aims: 1. to do some preparation activities such as discussion, group work (ask the students to talk about one of the western holidays that they think the most interesting), etc. to practice the students’ spoken skill and communicative skills; 2. to grasp som

2、e new words and try to use these words which help them enrich their vocabulary; 3. to discuss the relationship between emotions and health; 4. to do some post-reading exercises and some after-class reading to practice what they have got to know in class to improve their Englis

3、h comprehensive skills. II. key points: 1. to learn what is emotion; and the healthy way of living; 2. talk about the way to control our emotions. III. difficult points: 1. to paraphrase some difficult sentences and catch their meaning. 2. to grasp some useful words and phrases to describe o

4、ne’s emotions. IV. teaching process: i. preparation: 1. Introduction about emotions: Emotion, is a term frequently and familiarly used as synonymous with feeling. According to Longman dictionary, emotion means any of the strong feelings of the human spirit, including love, hatred,

5、grief, sadness, excitement etc. Emotion is also defined as an intense mental state that arises subjectively rather than through conscious effort and is often accompanied by physiological changes.(由主觀引起而非理智作用的一種強(qiáng)烈的感情狀態(tài)，并且經(jīng)常伴有心理上的變化) In psychology it signifies a reaction involving certain phys

6、iological changes, such as an accelerated or retarded pulse rate, the diminished or increased activities of certain glands, or a change in body temperature, which stimulate the individual, or some component part of his or her body, to further activity. 2. List words concerning emotions, describe y

7、our emotions. 3. Health & Emotions—Sayings Care killed the cat. 憂慮傷身。 Health and cheerfulness mutually beget each other. 健康愉快，相生相成。 They who live in a worry invite death in a hurry. 生活多愁，死亡必速。 Work will not kill a man but worry will. 累不死人，愁死人。 ii. listening-centered activities: 1. Healt

8、h & Emotions—Video: Pleasure & Health 2. How to Stay Healthy —Anger Management iii. reading-centered activities: Good health has come to mean more than simply the absence of illness. What else does good health mean? What determines health? Words and phrases for your reference: healthy

9、 looking sports slim self-discipline smoking wrinkle drug-taking drinking a healthy diet strong take regular exercises rarely eat between meals sample answers: Good health has come to mean more than simply the absence of illness. Good health also means mental alertness and m

10、uscularity. One who has good health is intelligent, strong, energetic, quick minded, and full of vigor. There are many factors contributing to good health. First of all, one shouldn’t smoke and shouldn’t drink excessively. Secondly, one should have a healthy diet and avoid eating and drinking too

11、much at one time. One should eat breakfast every day and eat very little between meals. Thirdly, exercise is extremely important for good health. If one takes exercise regularly, good health won’t be too far away. Fourthly, enough sleep is also very important. One should sleep seven to eight h

12、ours a day. Lack of sleep will dull one’s mind and one’s body will eventually give out. Finally, one should get regular medical care. Regular check-ups are necessary. 4. introduction The most great wealth to a person is one’s health, the most valuable present offered is to forgive. More and

13、more scientific researches show that peace of mind is important to stay health too. Stress and other negative emotions may do damage to one’s immune system. 5. words and phrases: aspect: n. 1) front that faces a particular direction; one part of a situation, idea, plan etc that has many parts （面

14、對(duì)某一方向的）正面；（事物, 問題等的）方面 She eventually selected a house with a southern aspect to settle in. 她最終選擇了一幢面朝南的房子安頓下來。 網(wǎng)絡(luò)正在改變我們生活的每個(gè)方面。 The Web is changing every aspect of our lives. 2) look or appearance (of a person or thing) 外貌，外觀；容貌 He thinks that South

15、Korean actress-singer Jiang Nara (Zhang Nala) is a girl of pleasing aspect. 他認(rèn)為韓國演員兼歌手張娜拉的模樣長得很討人喜歡。 了解以下常見搭配。 the aspects of the whole area 整個(gè)地區(qū)的面貌 each aspect of the plan 計(jì)劃的每一方面 diverse aspects of human life 人生的方方面面 a man o

16、f fierce aspect 面目猙獰的人 a solemn/serious aspect 神情嚴(yán)肅 consider problems in all aspects 考慮問題的方方面面 from this aspect 從這一方面來看 belly: the underside of the body of certain vertebrates, such as snakes and fish 腹部：某些脊椎動(dòng)物身體的下部，如蛇和魚

17、 辨異 stomach abdomen belly stomach 為最普通的詞語，雖然它特指內(nèi)部消化器官，但也可指該部位的外面，也可以比喻是否有胃口或是否傾向于做某事，特別是在表達(dá)否定意思時(shí)，如：to have no stomach for strong drink abdomen 是科學(xué)術(shù)語，既指外部的stomach，也指包括消化道和其他器官在內(nèi)的整個(gè)腹腔。如:to open up an abdomen to remove a tumour 開腹腔，取出瘤子 belly 既指一個(gè)空的腹腔，也指隆起部位。如：the belly of a sai

18、ling ship, his little, round belly tightly buttoned into his trousers boost: to raise or lift by pushing up from behind or below推、舉; to increase; raise 增加; an increase:增加 boost prices/ efforts to boost participation in the program/ a big boost in salary We need to boost our spirits.

19、 chronic: of long duration; continuing長期的; lasting for a long period of time or marked by frequent recurrence, as certain diseases慢性的：延續(xù)很長時(shí)間或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的，如某些疾病; subject to a habit or pattern of behavior for a long time慣常的 chronic money problems/ chronic unemployment/ chronic colitis慢性結(jié)腸炎/ a chro

20、nic liar一貫說謊的人 chron (=time) + ic (= of) chronicle: 編年體 depressed: adj. feeling very unhappy 沮喪的 得知地震消息，人們十分憂愁。 People were?greatly depressed at the news of the earthquake. 同義詞：blue, gloomy, dismayed, disheartened, sad depress: v. make sad, low i

21、n spirits 使愁苦；使沮喪 The newspapers are full of depressing news recently. 近來的報(bào)紙總是些讓人發(fā)愁的消息。 depression: n. being depressed; low spirits 沮喪；抑郁 他因?yàn)榫趩识鵁o法入睡。 He could not fall asleep because of depression. She committed suicide during a fit of

22、 depression. 她一時(shí)想不開自殺了。 decrease: to grow or cause to grow gradually less or smaller, as in number, amount, or intensit減少; the act or process of decreasing減少: on the decrease: 在減少中/ 俺decrease in sth. Crime is on the decrease. diverse: differing one from another不同的，相異的; made u

23、p of distinct characteristics, qualities, or elements多種多樣的 diverse interests verse/ vert (= turn): convert, divert, diverse, converse 王力宏的音樂吸引了大批的、形形色色的聽眾。 Wang Leehong’s music appeals to a wide and devse audience. 解決這個(gè)問題有不同的方法。 There are diverse ways

24、 of approaching the problem. diversify: vt. make diverse; give variety to 使不同；使變化 The landscape of that small town was diversified by hills and woods. 那座小鎮(zhèn)的景色由于山林穿插而變換有致。 diversity: n. the state of being diverse; variety 異樣；不同；多樣化 America is called

25、 “melting pot” by people of other countries partly because of its language diversity. 美國之所以被別的國家的人們稱為“熔爐”的部分原因是由于其語言的多樣性。 document: v. prove or support something with documents用文件證實(shí)或證明（某事） 你能為他的身份提供文件證明嗎？ Can you document his identity? His identity as

26、 the only inheritor is well documented. 他作為唯一合法繼承人的身份有許多文件證明。 n. something written or printed, to be used as a record or in evidence (e.g. birth, marriage, and death certificates) 文件；公文；證件（例如出生，結(jié)婚，死亡證明書） 那個(gè)博物館里有很多珍貴的歷史文獻(xiàn)。 There are many precious historical

27、 documents in that museum. 形容詞形式：documentary adj. consisting of documents 有文件的；有證件的 employ: vt. 1) make use of 使用 The peacekeepers had to employ force to appease the conflicts. 維和人員不得不使用武力來平息沖突。 你怎么利用你的閑暇時(shí)間？ How do you employ your spare time?

28、 2) give work to, usu. for payment 雇用 他的弟弟在一家當(dāng)?shù)氐穆眯猩绻ぷ鳌? His brother is employed in a local travel agency. 派生詞： employer: person who employs others 雇主；主人 employee: person employed for wages 雇工；雇員；職員 employment: n. being employed; one’s regular work 雇用；使用；

29、工作 hostile: of, relating to, or characteristic of an enemy敵方的，敵對(duì)的; feeling or showing enmity or ill will; antagonistic敵意的 hostile forces/ hostile acts/ a hostile remark hostile to/ towards 這兩個(gè)國家已經(jīng)敵對(duì)很多年了。 The two countries have been hostile to each other for many

30、 years. The international economic environment should be made less hostile to Africa. 應(yīng)使國際經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境對(duì)非洲更有利。 這氣候[環(huán)境]不適合大部分的生物。 The climate [environment] is hostile to most forms of life. to be hostile to reform 反對(duì)改革 to be hostile to

31、 new ideas 對(duì)新思想持反對(duì)態(tài)度 a hostile army 敵軍 a hostile environment 逆境 a hostile look 懷有敵意地看了一眼 a hostile reception 不友好的接待 hostility: n. enmity; ill will 敵視的

32、情緒；敵意 At first, the intelligent police officer seemed to show no hostility to the kidnapper. 起初，聰明的警官看上去對(duì)綁匪(kidnapper)沒有任何敵意。 immune: not subject to an obligation imposed on others; exempt豁免的，免除的; not affected by a given influence; unresponsive不受影響的; immune from taxati

33、on/ immune from criminal prosecution/ immune to persuasion The criminal was told he would be immune from punishment if he helped the police. communic (相通) immun（不相同） communicable immune communicate immunize M

34、any animals are immune to such terrible virus as HIV. 很多的動(dòng)物對(duì)HIV這樣可怕的病毒具有免疫力。 他對(duì)所有的勸說都無動(dòng)於衷。 He was immune to all persuasion. The local government should offer sufficient immune serum (血清) to the quake-stricken regions. 當(dāng)?shù)卣畱?yīng)該向地震災(zāi)區(qū)提供充足的免疫血清(

35、serum)。 Many joint ventures in that city could be immun efrom taxation. 那個(gè)城市的很多合資企業(yè)能夠享受免稅待遇。 名詞形式：immunity: n. safety, security (from disease, etc.); exemption (from taxation, etc.) （疾病等的）免除；免疫；（捐稅等的）免除（與 from連用） ingredient: n. 1) any of the qualities

36、 of which something is made 要素；成分 健康是你成功的最重要的組成部分。 ?Health is the most important ingredient of your success. The All-Star Game is an important ingredient of the NBA matches every season. 全明星賽是NBA每個(gè)賽季的重要組成部分。 2) one of the parts of a mixture （混合

37、物的）成分 鹽是調(diào)的一種重要材料。 Salt is a crucial ingredient in cooking. Law enforcers sampled the ingredients of the milk powder of that brand. 執(zhí)法人員抽樣檢查了那個(gè)品牌奶粉的成分。 optimistic: opt 選取 adopt, option, optional optim 最佳 optimism

38、 pessimism optimist pessimist optimistic pessimistic positive: characterized by or displaying certainty, acceptance, or affirmation肯定的; relating to or designating a quantity greater than zero正的; very sure; confident確定的 a positive answer/ positive

39、criticism/ I'm positive he's right./ positive pole be positive of/ about release: vt. 1) allow to go; set free; unfasten 放行；釋放；免除；解開；解放 Thanks to diplomatic efforts, all the Chinese hostages had already been released by the Iraqi kidnappers. 由于外交努力，所有的中國人質(zhì)都已經(jīng)被伊拉克綁匪釋放。

40、 A soldier should not release his hold of his rifle on battlefield at any time. 一個(gè)戰(zhàn)士在任何時(shí)候都應(yīng)該在戰(zhàn)場上握緊自己的槍。 2) allow (news) to be published; allow (album, film) to be exhibited publicly 發(fā)布（新聞）；發(fā)行（唱片，電影等） “Shrek”, the first ever Oscar-winning computer-animated movie was re

41、leased in 2001. 第一部獲得奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)的電腦動(dòng)畫電影《怪物史萊克》是在2001年上映的。 Chang Hui-mei’s first album “Jie Mei”, released in 1996, brought the talented singer overnight fame. 1996年發(fā)行的張惠妹的第一張專輯《姐妹》讓這位天才歌手一夜成名。 reverse: to turn around to the opposite direction反轉(zhuǎn); to exchange the positions of; transpose對(duì)換：交換…

42、的位置; the back or rear part背面; turned backward in position, direction, or order顛倒的 the reverse side of the cloth/ in reverse order次序顛倒地/ He reversed the car. / reverse the order/ reverse a glass in reverse: 反過來 risk: to expose to a chance of loss or damage; hazard使…遭受危險(xiǎn); to incur the

43、 risk of冒…的危險(xiǎn); the possibility of suffering harm or loss; danger危險(xiǎn); to risk failure He dared not risk investing all his money to the publishing house. at risk: 處境危險(xiǎn) Your future is at risk if you don’t stop smoking. at the risk of: 冒。。。的危險(xiǎn) He saved th

44、e kid at the risk of his own life. substance: a material of a particular kind or constitution物質(zhì); essential nature; essence實(shí)質(zhì); That which is solid and practical in character, quality, or importance內(nèi)容 a plan without substance 辨異 matter, substance matter“物質(zhì)”的總稱，不可數(shù)名稱；subs

45、tance具體的“物質(zhì)”，可數(shù)名詞： Matter is primary and mind secondary. Iron is a hard substance. tension: mental, emotional, or nervous strain緊張; the act or process of stretching something tight.拉緊 辨異 strain, tension strain通常指過分吃力，影響健康的緊張狀態(tài)： Too much reading is

46、 a strain on one’s eyes. tension 一般多用來指雙方或各方關(guān)系不好所造成的緊張狀態(tài)。 the international tension give out: ① come to an end; be exhausted 用盡、耗盡 例如：Her patience finally gave out. 她終于失去了耐心。 ② stop working properly (指引擎，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī))停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，失靈 例如：One of the plane’s engines gave out in Mid Atlantic.

47、 在大西洋中部上空飛機(jī)的一個(gè)引擎失靈了。 ③ send out or emit sth. 放出，發(fā)出 例如：The radiator is giving out a lot of heat. 散熱器散發(fā)著大量的熱。 ④ announce or broadcast sth. 宣布，廣播 例如：The news of the President’s death was given out in a radio broadcast. 總統(tǒng)故去的消息在收音機(jī)中廣播了。 fight off: succeed in getting

48、 rid of (something) 擊退；竭力擺脫 That small firm had to fight off a lot of competition to win the contract. 那家小公司必須要打敗眾多的競爭對(duì)手才能簽下那份合同。 In that movie, the heroine was always having to fight off men who wanted to marry her . 在那部電影中，女主角總是在竭力擺脫一些想和她結(jié)婚的男子。 put on: ① spin records 放(唱

49、片) 例如：put on a record, tape, compact disc, etc. 放唱片(錄音帶、密紋唱片) ② gain in weight 增加(體重) 例如：How many pounds did you put on over Christmas? 過了圣誕節(jié)后你體重增加了多少鎊? 5. structure and organization: Information Structure of In-Class Reading 1) Introduction (Para. 1)

50、 Peace of mind is an important aspect to staying healthy apart from exercise. 2) A. two-way connection between mind and body. (Para. 2-6) A.?The relationship between negative emotions and health: Negative emotions can encourage poor health. a. Supporting evidence:

51、The study involving newlywed couples. b. Reasons: Negative emotions can cause the production of substances that damage or weaken our immune cells and can cause our bodies to produce fewer immuno-transmitters. B.?The relationship between positive emotions and health: Positive emotions c

52、an be valuable in fighting diseases. a.??Supporting evidence: Cancer patients can live longer by employing certain mind-body techniques; patients with chronic pain visited their doctors less frequently by using relaxation therapies and other behavioral techniques to manage discomfort. b.

53、? Reasons: Relaxation decreases blood pressure, heart rate and respiration and increases one's sense of well-being. 3) Mind-body techniques (Para. 7-- 9) A. Writing about negative, unpleasant events; B. Talking about a stressful experience with a friend; C. As

54、king for support from family, friends, co-workers, etc.; D. Belly breathing; E. Taking a slow walk; F. Dancing. 4) Conclusion (Para. 10) To keep healthy, you must combine mind-body techniques with other methods like exercise, good nutrition and proper medical care

55、. 6. difficult sentences: 1) At the heart of the communication network are brain chemicals called neurotransmitters which communicate messages not only within the brain, but also within the body. (L6~8) 這種通訊網(wǎng)的中心是一種叫做神經(jīng)傳遞素的腦化學(xué)物質(zhì)，它不僅在大腦內(nèi)，還在整個(gè)身體內(nèi)傳遞信息。 這句話是倒裝句，正常語序?yàn)椋築rain chemicals called n

56、eurotransmitters which communicate messages not only within the brain, but also within the body, are at the heart of the communications network. … called neurotransmitters 過去分詞短語做定語修飾brain chemicals。Which引導(dǎo)的定語從句也是修飾brain chemicals。 【解析】not only… but also…表示“不但······，而且······”，有時(shí)also可省略，使用該詞組時(shí)

57、，注意not only與but also 所連接的成分必須是同等的，所以不能省略but also后面的within；not only置于句首時(shí)，其后面的從句要使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 【釋義】 Brain chemicals, which are called neurotransmitters, are the center of human’s communication network. It transmits messages not only in the brain, but also in the whole body. 　 【例句】Not only did he teach

58、 English, but he wrote novels. 他不僅教英語，而且還寫小說。 2) Those who shows hostile behavior during a 30-minute discussion about marriage problems had lower immune functioning for the 24-hour period following the experiment than people who showed less negative behavior. 【解析】than引導(dǎo)的比較句中，注意比較的兩個(gè)事物要對(duì)稱，如此句中比

59、較的對(duì)象是人。再如翻譯： 在這種情況下，婦女退出這項(xiàng)工作的概率比男性大三倍。 【誤譯】In such cases, the probability that women quit this job is three times greater than men. 【正譯】In such cases, the probability that women quit this job is three times greater than that of men.此處 that 指前面出現(xiàn)過的 probability. 【釋義】From a study of the newlyw

60、ed couples, they found that the couples who showed hostile attitude during a 30-minute discussion of marriage problems had lower immune functioning than those people whose behavior are more friendly in the 24-hour after the experiment. 【譯文】在一項(xiàng)對(duì)新婚夫婦的調(diào)查中，那些在三十分鐘的婚姻問題討論中有對(duì)立行為的人，在試驗(yàn)后二十四小時(shí)內(nèi)的免疫功能要低于那些行

61、為較友善的人。 3) What is it about stress and related emotions that can encourage poor health? (L19) 壓力以及類似的情緒為什么能使健康惡化呢？ 這個(gè)是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的疑問句形式，如果變成陳述句，則為：It is what about stress and related emotions that can encourage poor health. 4) There are dozens of mind-body techniques for you to choose from. (L36) 可

62、供選擇的身心療法有幾十種。 … for you to choose from…: 介詞from后置。 It is a fact that here I could not find one garbage to throw trash in. 【解析】choose from指“從······之中選擇”，表示“二選一”時(shí)，也可用 choose between, 一般用在 there be 的句型中。而 choose指“挑選，選擇”，一般以人作主語。區(qū)別： 【釋義】There are tens of methods for mind-body treatment for yo

63、u to choose from. She took a long time to choose her new shoes. 她花了很長時(shí)間挑選她的新鞋。 There were too many new shoes for her to choose from. 新鞋太多了，她不知選哪雙好。 (注意：不可省略句末的from。) 5) In one study involving newlywed couples, for example, those who showed hostile behavior during a 30-minute discussion abo

64、ut marriage problems had lower immune functioning for the 24-hour period following the experiment than people who showed less negative behavior. (Line 16) those + who 定語從句 + 主句 那些······的人······ Only those who know their destination, find their way. 知人者智，自知者明。 God help those who h

65、elp themselves. 天道酬勤。 我要感謝那些給予我?guī)椭娜藗儭? I would like to thank those who gave me help. 未來屬于那些相信夢想的人。 The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams. 例如，在一個(gè)涉及新婚夫婦的研究中，那些在30分鐘的關(guān)于婚姻問題的討論中有對(duì)立情緒的人，在該討論后24小時(shí)內(nèi)比那些態(tài)度不那么消極的人的免疫功能要差。 6) Simply writing about neg

66、ative, unpleasant events may actually boost your immunity according to researchers. 【解析】according to 有兩個(gè)意思： ① 根據(jù)······ 。文中的according to也屬這一意思。 ② 按照，照······樣，隨著。 【釋義】According to the researchers, your immunity against disease may actually been enhanced by simply writing about negative, unpleasant events. 【譯文】據(jù)研究者們說，就是寫一寫那些消極的、不愉快的事實(shí)際上也可能會(huì)提高免疫力。 【例句】I’ ll do it according to your instructions. 我會(huì)照你的指示去做。 Change according to the change of the circumstances. 隨著情況的改變而改變。 According t