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1、國(guó)家開(kāi)放大學(xué)電大《高級(jí)英語(yǔ)閱讀（1）》網(wǎng)絡(luò)課形考網(wǎng)考作業(yè)及答案 100%通過(guò) 考試說(shuō)明：2020年秋期電大把該網(wǎng)絡(luò)課納入到“國(guó)開(kāi)平臺(tái)”進(jìn)行考核，該課程共有2個(gè)形考任務(wù)，針對(duì)該門課程，本 人匯總了該科所有的題，形成一個(gè)完整的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)題庫(kù)，并且以后會(huì)不斷更新，對(duì)考生的復(fù)習(xí)、作業(yè)和考試起著非常重要 的作用，會(huì)給您節(jié)省大量的時(shí)間。做考題時(shí)，利用本文檔中的查找工具，把考題中的關(guān)鍵字輸?shù)讲檎夜ぞ叩牟檎覂?nèi)容 框內(nèi)，就可迅速查找到該題答案。本文庫(kù)還有其他網(wǎng)核及教學(xué)考一體化答案，敬請(qǐng)查看。 課程成績(jī)按百分制計(jì)分，各章exercise測(cè)驗(yàn)占70% ,計(jì)分學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)占20% ,網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)表現(xiàn)占10%。三項(xiàng)成績(jī)都 有且

2、總分達(dá)到60分及以上，方可獲得課程學(xué)分。 形考任務(wù)一（70分） Chapter 1 Exercise (分值 7 分) 題目1 I. Vocabulary skills ( 3 points ) Look at the columns below. Match each vocabulary word on the right with the correct definition on the left. (0.5 points each) l.the bus or subway 2.proof of completion of courses of students 3.

3、money for students from scholarships, grants, or loans 4.formal talks by professors or instructors on subjects of study 5.courses by video, video conferencing, or computers to students in different places 6.the points or grade a student gets on a test 答案： l.the bus or subway public transpartat

4、ion 2.proof of completion of courses of students 3.money for students from scholarships, grantst or loans 4.formal talks by professors or instructors on subjects of study financial aid academic lectures 5xourses by video, video conferencing； or computers to students in different places distan

5、ce learnmq 6.the points or grade a student gets on a test score IL Reading Comprehension (4 points) Read the passages, then answer the questions that follow. (1 point each )

6、 Experiencing Culture Shock A When Eliza James arrived at the University of Xian, she was excited to live in a new country, to improve her Chinese, and to experience a culture so different from her own. But soon her excitement turned to frustration as

7、 she encountered one roadblock after another. "I felt like I couldnl accomplish anything. My dorm room had no heat, I couldnft get into the classes I wanted, and every time I asked someone for help they gave me the runaround. I felt like no one was listening to me.” Eliza met with administrators, se

8、nt letters of complaint, and even contacted the consulate in Beijing, but she got nowhere. What Eliza didn't realize was that her American approach to solving problems was very different from the Chinese one in which patience and negotiation skills are key. She soon learned how to solve problems wit

9、hin the cultural norms of Chinese society instead of forcing her own values onto those around her. ”1 finally feel like I fit in and that I know what I'm doing. In fact, its really fun being in a place thafs so incredibly different from what I am accustomed to.” B Yoshi Yamamoto is a junior at a sm

10、all college outside of Boston. Although he is an honors student now, Yoshi didn't always have such an easy time studying in America. "Teaching methods are very different here than they are in Japan. It took me a long time to get used to learning in seminars and discussing ideas with my classmates. A

11、t first it seemed like I wasn't actually learning anything.11 Yoshi's reaction was to totally withdraw: he didnft participate in class discussion; he spent lots of time alone in his room, and he even skipped class on occasion. Hl thought I could teach myself. Now I recognize the value of the U.S. ac

12、ademic system, and I am able to adapt it to my own learning style.11 C Both Eliza and Yoshi experienced what is called culture shock: psychological disorientation due to living in a new culture. For many international students, studying abroad can offer exposure to new cultures and an opportunity t

13、o study new fields and languages. However, it also offers the greater challenge of trying to function in a foreign culture. Studying and reading about a certain culture is poor preparation for the reality of living in it. According to psychological studies, the four stages of culture shock are 1. eu

14、phoria, 2. hostility, 3. gradual adjustment, and 4. adaptation. Culture shock can be manifested in many ways: homesickness, boredom, stereotyping of or hostility towards the host culture, overeating or overdrinking, withdrawal, and inability to work effectively. D Different people experience differ

15、ent levels of culture shock and react in different ways. For example, Eliza got angry while Yoshi withdrew from society. The most important thing to remember is that culture shock is normal; it is not something to be ashamed of. Luckily, there are some things international students can do to make th

16、eir adjustment to a new country go more smoothly. For instance, they can stay in touch with family and friends from home, join international student organizations, meet people from their own countries, and get involved in campus activities. Most importantly, they can adjust to life abroad by keeping

17、 a sense of humor and trying to remain positive. Recognizing Paragraph Topics ( choose the paragraph letter) 題目2 7. an explanation of culture shock 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. A B. B C. C D. D 題目3 8. ways that students can adjust to living in a new country 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. A B. B C. C D. D 題目4 9. the experienc

18、e of an international student in the United States 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. A B. B C. C D. D 題目5 10. the experience of an international student in China 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. A B. B c. c D. D Chapter 2 Exercise (分值 7 分) 題目1 I. Vocabulary Skills ( 2 points ) Sometimes examples can explain the meaning of a word or

19、 phrase. For example, sun, rain, and wind are examples of kinds of weather. Look at the columns below. Match each vocabulary word or phrase in the first column with the examples in the second column. (0.4 points each) 1. kinds of extreme weather 2. Earth's natural materials and gases 3. diseases

20、or health disorders 4. seasons of the year 5. natural areas or regions of the earth 答案： 1 .kinds of extreme weather l .上=/ 2.Earth*s natural materials and gases coal. oil. carbon, dioxide air water = < 3 diseases or health disorders strokE* asthma, influenza, pneumonia headaches e / 4 seas

21、ons of the year Winter, spring, summer, fall = y 5 natural areas or regions of the earth oceans, seas, islands, deserts, forests = / II. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B or C. (1 point each) Seasonal Affective Disor

22、der: More than Just the Blues A Joshua dreads the winter months, not only because of the cold New England weather~the sleet, snow, wind, and rain~but because as the seasons change from summer to fall to winter, the days get shorter. As the days get shorter, he starts feeling depressed and irritable

23、 and spends more and more time at home, eating and sleeping. A graduate student in philosophy, Joshua finds that he gets little work done during the winter months and has trouble paying attention in class and concentrating on his research. "I soon realized that what I thought was just the 'winter bl

24、ues1 was something more extreme than that.” Josh visited a doctor who diagnosed him with SAD. B Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD, is a kind of depression that occurs seasonally. It is associated with the long hours of darkness and lack of sunlight during the winter months (people with SAD usuall

25、y feel worse from December through February). Scientists don't completely understand the exact causes of SAD, but they believe it is related to a biochemical imbalance in the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is the basic part of the brain that controls the bod/s breathing, heartbeat, metabolism, and h

26、ormone release. The effects of SAD include moodiness, irritability, low energy, increased appetite for carbohydrates (foods such as potatoes, rice, and bread), difficulty concentrating, and the tendency to oversleep. C Although doctors described SAD for the first time in 1984, humans have probably

27、dealt with the disorder for thousands of years. It is not a coincidence that many cultures have important celebrations during the short days of the winter months. Christmas, Hanukkah, and Winter Solstice celebrations all occur in December. These celebrations involve lighting candles in order to brin

28、g light, warmth, and happiness to an otherwise depressing time of year. D So what can SAD sufferers do to feel better? Naturally, they need more light For people who have mild cases of SAD, exercising in the morning sun could be enough to help them. Phototherapy, or light therapy, is usually prescr

29、ibed for people who have more serious cases of the disorder. In light therapy, patients sit in front of a light box, a strong artificial light, for up to four hours a day. Phototherapy is effective in over 80% of SAD cases, and patients usually see results within three to four days. Although the sym

30、ptoms of SAD are similar to those of clinical depression, traditional antidepressants have not proven useful in treating SAD. While psychological counseling cannot treat the symptoms of SAD, it is recommended to help SAD sufferers learn to accept and deal with their illness. 題目2 6. Joshua starts f

31、eeling depressed and irritable in the winter because 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. he gets little work done B. he suffers from Seasonal Affective Disorder C. he is a graduate student in philosophy 題目3 7. Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD, is a condition that researchers believe affects people during the winter

32、 months. Scientists believe it is caused by 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. breathing, heartbeat, metabolism, and hormone release B. moodiness, irritability, loss of energy, increased appetite, difficulty concentrating, and sleepiness C. lack of sunlight and a biochemical imbalance in the brain 題目4 8. Humans have

33、probably struggled with SAD since 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. ancient times B. December C. 1984 題目5 9. People who suffer from SAD can to feel better. 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. do light therapy B. take antidepressant drugs C. eat carbohydrates 題目6 10. This passage talks about . 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. what the SAD effects are B. Both

34、A and B. C. how to help SAD suffers Chapter 3 Exercise (分值 7 分) I. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Read the passages, then answer the questions that follow. (1 point each ) Fast food can be good food Many people are too busy to prepare and eat three nutritious meals a day.so they turn to the

35、convenience of fastfood restaurants. Many of the items at fast-food restaurants, snack bars, and food stands are fattening and not very nutritious.But fast food doesn't have to be unhealthy.you can eat at fast-food restaurants and still eat well. Pay Attention to Calories and Fat Content By payin

36、g attention to the number of calories and fat that a food item has ,you can make smarter choices.Calories are “units for measuring how much energy a food will produce".condsider two fast-food meals. A quarter-pound hamburger with cheese, jumbo-size fries,and a 16-ounce soda have a total of 1,535 cal

37、ories and 76 grams of fat .a broiled (cooked under direct heat or over a flame )chicken sandwich ,a side salad with low-fat dressing,and a glass of water at the same fast-food restaurant have only 422 calories and 7 grams of fat .but maybe you really want a hamburger and fries .well,you can have a s

38、mall hamburger,a small serving of fries,and a glass of water.At a total of 490 calories and 20 grams of fat,thaVs still a much smarter choice than the large burger,fries,and 20 grams of fat ,thaVs still a much smarter choice than the large burger,fries,and sada. There's More That You Can Do There

39、are a few additional things you can do to make sure you eat well in fast food restaurants.First of all,say “no” when the cashier asks you if you want to “supersize” you meal (order an extra large portion of each item).Second, ask for no mayonnaise or sauce,or ask for it on the side (in a separate di

40、sh).Third,substitute(use something instead of something else)healthy foods for fatty ones. For example,instead of ordering deep-fried tempura,order fresh vegetables.Instead of ordering a beef burrito with lots of cheese and sour cream,order a vegetable burrito with beans and rice.and don't eat the c

41、hips!Another thing you can do is order a side salad or a vegetable soup and eat it first.That way,you will eat some vegetables,and you won't be able to eat as much of your burger and fries.Fnally,eat slowly and stop eating when you're full. It sounds simple,but many people keep eating even after the

42、y become full. 題目1 1 .What is the main idea of this article ? 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. Its smart to eat foods with low calories and fat content. B. Fast food is always bad for you . C. You can eat well in fast-food restaurant D. Fast-food restaurants are the best the place to find healthy foods . 題目2 2. A

43、small hamburger and small firies has 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. more calories and fat than a chicken sandwich and a salad. B. the same amount of calories and fat as a chicken sandwich and a salad. C. fewer calories and fat than a chicken sandwich and a salad. D. the same amount of calories and fat as a large po

44、rtion of fries. 題目3 3.Some things you can do to eat well in fast-food restaurants are 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. ask for eatra manyonnaise and sauce and say no to “surpersizing” . B. order a vegetable burrito instead of chips and eat sour cream . C. order smaller portions and eat all the food you order. D. or

45、der healthy foods instead of fatty ones and drink water. 題目4 4. Manyonnaise and sauces probably 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. make you eat less because they make you feel full sooner. B. make you eat more because they make your food taste better. C. have a lot of fat and calories. D. don't have a lot of fat and

46、calories. 題目5 5. By eating a salad or soup before the rest of your meal, 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. you eat less of the rest of your meal. B. you eat more slowly. C. you get full sooner. D. you eat the rest of your meal more quickly. II. Vocabulary skills ( 2 points ) Read the paragraph below and fill in ea

47、ch blank with a word from the box. (0.4 points each) 題目6 available changes damaging losing global The growing similarities in diet and eating habits around the world are influencing people of various cultures in different ways. For example, Western foods are 6 damaging health in the industrializ

48、ed island country of Japan. Instead of small meals of seafood, rice, and vegetables, the typical Japanese diet now includes large amounts of meat, dairy products, and desserts like tiramisu, a rich Italian dish full of chocolate, cheese, and sugar. According to Japanese health researchers, such 7

49、 changes in eating habits are related to a great increase in health problems such as heart disease, strokes, cancer, and diabetes. On the other hand, the changing 8 global diet is having the opposite effect on the people in the CzechRepublic. The government of this European nation no longer suppor

50、ts meat and dairy products financially, so the cost of these foods is going up. In contrast, fresh fruits and vegetables are becoming more widely 9 available from private markets and stands. Cooks are even serving salads to schoolchildren, and families are eating healthier home-cooked meals. For

51、these reasons, fewer Czech men are having heart attacks, the women are 10 losing a lot of weight, and most people are living healthier lives. Chapter 4 Exercise (分值 7 分 I. Vocabulary Skills ( 2 points ) 題目1 Match each vocabulary word on the left with the correct definition on the right. (0.4 po

52、ints each) l.make sense 2.pedestrians 3.vehicle 4.teenager 5.fine 答案： 1 make sense to be reasonable or necessary 2.pedestrians people traveling ciri foot, walking 3 vehicle something like a car or truck used to fransport people 4 teenager a person over 12 and under 20 years old 5 fine

53、 money to be paid as a punishment II. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. (1 point each)

54、 These days, it's getting easier and easier to find your way around. Some people have GPS devices in their cars to make sure they don't get lost. GPS stands for Global Positioning System. These devices use satellites in space to “see” where you are and giv

55、e you directions to where you want to go. And if you don't have a GPS device, you can simply go online to get step-by-step directions. Websites like MapQ and can produce a map and directions in just a few seconds. But how do they do it? MapQuest? uses data (information) from a few different source

56、s to produce directions and maps. Before MapQuest? went online, it sold regular paper maps in places like gas stations. The website uses the data from those paper maps, information from digital mapping companies, and government databases. At the moment, MapQuest? uses more than 30 computers to read

57、all this data and provides users with millions of maps every day. In order to find the best route (way or path) from one place to another, MapQuest? first has to look at all possible routes. Then MapQuest? looks at each part of each possible route. It considers the types of roads on the different r

58、outes. Are they dirt roads, paved roads, freeways, or city streets? It looks at how many turns there are in each route and what kinds of turns they are. Are they right turns or left turns? It also considers the speed limit on each road and how many intersections there are. An intersection is “a plac

59、e where two or more roads cross each other". MapQuest? can also tell you how long your trip will take you. It does this by doing some math. MapQuest? bases its estimated driving times on the length and speed limit of each part of the route and the amount of time it probably takes to get through eac

60、h intersection. For example, it allows more time for a left turn at an intersection than it does for a right turn. Someday, maybe we will have cars that can just drive us wherever we want to go, but for now, mapping websites make it a little harder to get lost. 題目2 6. What is the main idea of this

61、 article? 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. Why mapping websites don't work well. B. Why mapping websites are better than paper maps. C. How mapping websites work. D. How the first mapping website started. 題目3 /.According to the article, MapQuest? 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. started as maker of government databases. B. started as

62、 an Internet company. C. uses millions of computers to read data. D. starting by selling paper maps. 題目4 8. When you search for directions, the first thing MapQuest? does is 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. consider how many turns you want to take. B. print out a map and directions. C. estimate driving time. D. l

63、ook at all possible paths. 題目5 9. When it's deciding on the best route, MapQuest? probably chooses 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. the route with the most turns. B. dirt roads instead of paved roads. C. freeways instead of dirt roads. D. city streets instead of freeways. 題目6 10. To estimate your driving time, Ma

64、pQuest? considers 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. the distance between turns on your route. B. the speed limit for half of the route. C. the fastest and slowest speed limits on your route. D. the speed limits and types of turns on your route. Chapter 5 Exercise (分值 7 分) I. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Read th

65、e five main-idea questions that follow about the information in the reading. Three details correctly answer each question. Cross out the untrue, unrelated detail. (1 point each ) 題目1 1. What are the definitions of the two main types of families? 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. Human beings lived in loosely-related grou

66、ps. Each group had a common ancestor long time ago. B. The nuclear family consists of two parents and their biological or adopted children. C. The extended family may include grandparents, parents, children and relatives living together on the same street or in the same area. D. The nuclear family is the same as the extended family. 題目2 2. What are the reasons for the changes in the structure of the family? 選擇一項(xiàng)： A. The divorce rate went down and the birthrate bega