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1、閱讀理解（5） 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。 George Gershwin, born in 1898, was one of America's greatest composers. He published his first song when he was eighteen years old. During the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs. Many of Gershwin's songs were first written for music

2、al plays performed in theatres in New York City. These plays were a popular form of entertainment in the 1920s and 1930s. Many of his songs have remained popular as ever. Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way — from jazz to country. In the 1920s there was a debate in t

3、he United States about jazz music. Could jazz, some people asked, be considered serious music? In 1924 jazz musician and orchestra leader Paul Whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music. Gershwin agreed to compose something for the concert before he realized h

4、e had just a few weeks to do it. And in that short time, he composed a piece for piano and orchestra which he called Rhapsody in Blue. Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert. The audience were thrilled when they heard his music. It made him world－famous and showed that jazz music could be

5、both serious and popular. In 1928, Gershwin went to Paris. He applied to study composition (作曲)with the well－known musician Nadia Boulanger, but she rejected him. She was afraid that classical study would ruin his jazz－influenced style. While there, Gershwin wrote An American in Paris. When it was

6、first performed, critics (評論家)were divided over the music. Some called it happy and full of life, to others it was silly and boring. But it quickly became popular in Europe and the United States. It still remains one of his most famous works. George Gershwin died in 1937, just days after doctors le

7、arned he had brain cancer. He was only thirty－nine years old. Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages. People mourned the loss of the man and all the music he might have still written. 61．Many of Gershwin's musical works were ________． A．written about New Yorkers B．

8、composed for Paul Whiteman C．played mainly in the countryside D．performed in various ways 62．What do we know about the concert organized by Whiteman? A．It attracted more people to theatres. B．It proved jazz could be serious music. C．It made Gershwin leader of the orchestra. D．It caused a d

9、ebate among jazz musicians. 63．What did Gershwin do during his stay in Paris? A．He created one of his best works. B．He studied with Nadia Boulanger. C．He argued with French critics. D．He changed his music style. 64．What do we learn from the last paragraph? A．Many of Gershwin's works were lo

10、st. B．The death of Gershwin was widely reported. C．A concert was held in memory of Gershwin. D．Brain cancer research started after Gershwin's death. 65．Which of the following best describes Gershwin? A．Talented and productive. B．Serious and boring. C．Popular and unhappy. D．Friendly and hon

11、est. 【要點綜述】 這是一篇人物傳記。文章主要講述了美國著名作曲家喬治·格什溫的生平以及他在音樂方面的巨大貢獻。 61．D　考查細節(jié)理解。從第二段的“Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way—from jazz to country.”可知，喬治·格什溫的音樂作品是以各種形式演唱或演奏的。故選D。 62．B　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段的“Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert. The audience were thrilled wh

12、en they heard his music. It made him world－famous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.”可知，這個音樂會充分證明爵士音樂流行的同時，也可以莊重、嚴肅。 63．A　考查細節(jié)理解。從第四段的第二句可知B項不正確；從第四段的“When it was first performed, critics were divided over the music.”可知，不是格什溫與評論家爭辯，故C項不正確；沒有提到他音樂風格的改變，故D項不正確；從第四段的最后一句“It

13、still remains one of his most famous works.”可知A項是正確的。 64．B　考查推理判斷。從最后一段的“Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages.”可知，世界各地的報紙對格什溫的去世進行了廣泛的報道。故選B。 65．A　考查推理判斷。從全文看喬治·格什溫創(chuàng)作了很多的音樂，其演奏的形式多樣化，并得到觀眾贊賞，這體現(xiàn)了他是一位很有才華，且多產(chǎn)的作曲家。故選A。 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。 When I

14、 was 12, all I wanted was a signet (圖章) ring. They were the “in” thing and it seemed every girl except me had one. On my 13th birthday, my Mum gave me a signet ring with my initials(姓名首字母) carved into it. I was in heaven. What made it even more special was that it was about the only thing that wasn

15、't being “replaced”. We'd been burnt out in fires that swept through our area earlier that year and had lost everything—so most of the “new” stuff (東西) we got was really just to replace what we'd lost. But not my ring. My ring was new. Then, only one month later, I lost it. I took it off before bed

16、 and it was missing in the morning. I was sad and searched everywhere for it. But it seemed to have disappeared. Eventually, I gave up and stopped looking for it. And two years later, we sold the house and moved away. Years passed, and a couple of moves later, I was visiting my parents' when Mum to

17、ld me that she had something for me. It wasn't my birthday, nor was it Easter or Christmas or any other gift－giving occasion. Mum noticed my questioning look. “You'll recognize this one，” she said, smiling. Then she handed me a small ring box. I took it from her and opened it to find my beautiful s

18、ignet ring inside. The family who had bought our house 13 years earlier had recently decided to do some redecorations, which included replacing the carpets. When they pulled the carpet up in my old bedroom, they found the ring. As it had my initials carved into it, they realized who owned the ring

19、. They'd had it professionally cleaned up by a jeweler before sending it to my mother. And it still fits me. 56．The underlined word “in” in the first paragraph probably means “________”． A. fashionable B. available C. practical D. renewable 57．When she got the ring back, the writer was about

20、 ________． A. 13 years old B. 15 years old C. 26 years old D. 28 years old 58．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The writer's family moved several times. B．The writer never stopped looking for her ring. C．The writer's ring was cleaned up by the new house owner. D．The

21、 writer lost her ring in the morning when she took it off. 59．What would be the best title for the passage? A. My New Ring B. Lost and Found C. Lost and Replaced D. An Expensive Ring 【要點綜述】 本文是一篇記敘文。 作者通過描述自己小時候渴望得到一枚戒指，愿望得到滿足后的快樂心情，以及不慎丟失后的沮喪心情和多年后失而復(fù)得的欣喜，表達了作者懷舊和敝帚自珍的生活態(tài)度。 56．A　詞義猜測題

22、。根據(jù)后一句“…every girl except me had one…” 可知，每個女孩都有一枚有自己符號的戒指，說明這類戒指很流行。故答案選A。 57．D　推理判斷題。 根據(jù)原文我們得知，作者在13歲生日時得到那枚戒指，一個月后丟失，兩年后賣掉房子，新房東買房13年之后換新地毯時重新找到戒指，即十五年之后，故答案為D。 58．A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段末尾和第四段開頭可知答案A正確。 59．B　主旨大意題。只有B項才能概括全文大意。 本文主要講述了戒指的失而復(fù)得。 閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個選項 (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項。 (2013·東北三省三校第二

23、次聯(lián)考，D) Deception (騙術(shù)) is something that people do all the time, and it plays an important role in military (軍事的) strategy. Now some researchers are trying to figure out how to get robots to do it, by looking at the behavior of squirrels and birds. At Georgia Tech, a team led by Ronald Arkin, a p

24、rofessor at the School of Interactive Computing, studied the literature on squirrels hiding their acorns (橡果). Squirrels will hide their food in a certain place, but when they see other squirrels trying to steal from them, they attempt to fool the thieves by running to a false location. Ronald Arki

25、n and his Ph. D. student Jaeeun Shim used that as a model for robot behavior. They programmed the robot into tricking a “predator (捕食者)” machine by doing what a squirrel does: showing the enemy a false location for an important resource. The team also looked at how other animals—in this case, a spe

26、cies of bird called Arabian babbler—drive off predators. A babbler will make an alarm call when they see a predator and other babblers will join the bird and make more calls. They then surround the predator, all the while flapping (拍打) wings and making noises. The babblers don't ever actually fight

27、the animal they want to drive off; they just make enough noises and flaps around enough so that it seems that attacking a babbler isn't worth it. They found that the deception works when the group reaches a certain size—essentially, when enough birds arrive to convince the enemy that it's best to b

28、ack off. Davis modeled that behavior in software using a military scene and found that it worked even if the group didn't have the firepower to confront the enemy directly. The military is interested in this because a robot that can fool an opponent is a valuable tool. It could lead an enemy down a

29、 false trail or make itself look more dangerous than it actually is. 文章大意：本文是一篇議論文。文章主要介紹了騙術(shù)在軍事策略中起著重要的作用，一些研究人員正在通過研究松鼠和鳥類的活動，希望機器人能模仿這些行為，以便能有效地應(yīng)用于軍事中。 13．Why does the military want to take advantage of squirrels' trick? A．It can reduce the use of firepower to confront the enemy. B．It can fool

30、 the enemy into believing it is more dangerous. C．It can lead the enemy in a wrong direction to avoid losing resources. D．It can scare the enemy away who wants to destroy the acorns. 答案：C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句“... they attempt to fool the thieves by running to a false location.”可知，松鼠為了保護自己的橡果不被其他松鼠吃掉

31、，會朝別的方向奔跑，由此可推知，C項正確。 14．Which of the following is NOT the way Arabian babblers drive off predators? A．One bird makes an alarm call and other birds will join it. B．They fight the enemy bravely face to face. C．They make noises and flaps around the predator. D．They force the predator aware that i

32、t isn't worthwhile to attack. 答案：B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段中Arabian babbler趕走predator的過程可知，B項不是Arabian babbler趕走掠奪者的方法。故B項正確。 15．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Animals' behaviors are researched to be applied to the study of military robots. B．Robots' fooling tricks are applied to the study of an

33、imals' behaviors. C．Birds and squirrels are the animals that are good at deception. D．Researchers are interested in animals' militaryrelated behaviors. 答案：A　主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了松鼠和Arabian babbler在生存中如何利用騙術(shù)擊退敵人保護自己的過程，研究人員希望機器人也能模仿這些行為，從而有效地運用于軍事戰(zhàn)略當中。故A項正確。 閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個選項 (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最

34、佳選項。 (2013·南京市二模，D) While waiting to pick up a friend at an airport in Portland, Oregon, I had one of those lifechanging experiences that you hear other people talk about—the kind that happens to you unexpectedly. To me, this happened and was only two feet away from me. Locating my friend among

35、the passengers, I noticed a man coming toward me carrying two light bags. He stopped right next to me to greet his family. First he walked to his youngest son (maybe 6 years old) as he laid down his bags. They gave each other a long, loving hug. As they separated enough to look in each other's face

36、, I heard the father say，“It's so good to see you, son. I missed you so much！” His son smiled somewhat shyly, and replied softly，“Me, too, Dad！” Then the man stood up, gazed into the eyes of his oldest son (maybe 9 or 10) and while cupping his son's face in his hands said, “You're already quite a

37、young man. I love you very much, Zach！” They too hugged a most loving, tender hug. While this was happening, a baby girl (perhaps one or oneandahalfyear old) was squirming (扭動) excitedly in her mother's arms, never once taking her little eyes off the wonderful sight of her returning father. The

38、 man said，“Hi, baby girl！” as he gently took the child from her mother. He quickly kissed her face all over and then held her close to his chest while rocking her from side to side. The little girl instantly relaxed and simply laid her head on his shoulder, motionless in pure contentment. After sev

39、eral moments, he handed his daughter to his oldest son and declared，“I've saved the best for last！” and went to give his wife the longest, most passionate kiss I ever remember seeing. He gazed into her eyes for several seconds and then silently mouthed, “I love you so much！” They stared into each ot

40、her's eyes, beaming big smiles at one another, while holding both hands. For an instant they reminded me of newlyweds, but I knew by the age of their kids that they couldn't possibly be. I puzzled about it for a moment then realized how totally attentive I was in the wonderful display of unconditi

41、onal love not more than an arm's length away from me. I suddenly felt uncomfortable, as if I was invading something sacred, but was amazed to hear my own voice nervously ask，“Wow! How long have you two been married？” “Been together fourteen years total, married twelve of those.” he replied, withou

42、t breaking his gaze from his lovely wife's face. “Well then, how long have you been away？” I asked. The man finally turned and looked at me, still beaming his joyous smile. “Two whole days！” Two days? I was stunned. I had assumed he'd been gone for at least several weeks—if not months. I know my ex

43、pression betrayed me. “I hope my marriage is still that passionate after twelve years！” The man suddenly stopped smiling. He looked me straight in the eye, and with forcefulness that burned right into my soul, he told me something that left me a different person, “Don't hope, friend... decide！” Th

44、en he flashed me his wonderful smile again, shook my hand and said，“God bless！” With that, he and his family turned and walked away together. I was still watching that exceptional man and his special family walk just out of sight when my friend came up to me and asked, “What'cha looking at？” Witho

45、ut hesitating, and with a curious sense of certainty, I replied，“My future！” 文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過講述自己在機場看到一家人在分別兩天重逢后的親密場景及男主人對作者所說的話，表達了這次事件對自己的震撼，并下定決心拿出更多的愛給自己的家人。 16．Which word could best describe the baby girl? A．Quiet. 　B．Innocent. C．Naughty. D．Sweet. 答案：D

46、　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句和最后一句可知，這個小女孩非常的可愛，見到父親時，她在母親的懷里扭動，非常地興奮，在父親懷里的時候她把頭放在父親的肩膀上一動不動。故答案選D。 17．The writer suddenly felt uncomfortable because ________. A．he felt it impolite to stare at the family B．he felt he withdrew from society C．the family found him curious about them D．he didn't love his wife

47、as much 答案：A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段最后一句中的“I suddenly felt uncomfortable, as if I was invading something sacred”和文化常識可知，作者由于被這親密的幸福情景所吸引，一直盯著他們看，距離很近(only two feet)，而這在西方是很不禮貌的行為，侵犯了他人的隱私。故答案選A。 18．What can we learn from the story? A．The family became the writer's friends. B．The writer decided to look for a

48、 wife. C．The writer's family will get more love from him. D．The writer will tell his friend the story immediately they meet. 答案：C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段最后一句“I hope my marriage is still that passionate after twelve years！”及最后一段中作者看著那家人離開說“My future！”可推知，作者以后將會給予家人更多的關(guān)愛。故答案選C。 19．Which paragraph in this st

49、ory best shows the love of the couple? A．Paragraph 4. B．Paragraph 5. C．Paragraph 6. D．Paragraph 7. 答案：C　細節(jié)理解題。通讀全文可知，第三至五段描述的是對孩子的愛，第六段中“give his wife the longest, most passionate kiss...”展示的是夫妻之間的愛。故答案選C。 20．Why does the writer think his airport experience is lifecha

50、nging? A．Because he came across a most loving family. B．Because he realized the difference between “hope” and “decide”． C．Because he thought it was really a unique experience. D．Because the family he met with had a strange power over him. 答案：B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后兩段內(nèi)容可知，男主人所說的“Don't hope, friend... decide！”給了作者極大的震撼和鼓勵，讓作者明白了“希望”與“決定”之間的不同，決定今后給予家人更多的關(guān)愛。故答案選B。