《2013高考英語 單選全攻破 第二單元 第一部分 單項(xiàng)選擇題型考點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)介與命題趨勢(shì)》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2013高考英語 單選全攻破 第二單元 第一部分 單項(xiàng)選擇題型考點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)介與命題趨勢(shì)（10頁珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、高考單項(xiàng)選擇題考點(diǎn) 大家可能都知道,研究歷屆高考題,你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)有些考點(diǎn)是每年必考,有的考題幾乎是如出一輒,格式一樣(或幾乎一樣),形式一樣,內(nèi)容相似. 　　單項(xiàng)選擇題考點(diǎn)透析 　　1、命題原則 　　突出語篇、強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)用、注重實(shí)際、體現(xiàn)能力 　　2、備考考點(diǎn) 　?、賱?dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語、時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、定語從句、情景交際是重點(diǎn)。 　?、诠谠~、代詞、句型和慣用法是考查的新趨勢(shì)。 　?、壑髦^一致、非謂語動(dòng)詞、倒裝、強(qiáng)調(diào)和疑問句等是重難點(diǎn)(考查基本)，但分值不大。 　?、苄稳菰~、副詞的級(jí)別及詞性間的轉(zhuǎn)化、連接副詞、關(guān)聯(lián)詞、介詞等考量不大。 　　3、備考知識(shí) 　?、僬_分析句子類型(簡(jiǎn)

2、單句、復(fù)合句和并列句)正確分析句子類型是正確理解題干、作出正確選擇的關(guān)鍵。 　?、谡莆蘸诵慕Y(jié)構(gòu)，準(zhǔn)確獲取題干信息。 　?、弁ㄗx題干，全面理解語境。 　　④結(jié)合生活實(shí)際和生活常識(shí)進(jìn)行推理。 　　⑤注意文化差異。 　　4、解題方法和技巧 　?、傺芯繑M題意圖，對(duì)癥下藥 　　②句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析 　?、壅倚畔⒃~，求最佳答案 　　▲④結(jié)構(gòu)分析，簡(jiǎn)繁轉(zhuǎn)化(還原法)如：下句： 　　Rather than ____ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _____ a bicycle. 　　A.ride; ride 　　B.riding; ride 　　C.r

3、ide; to ride 　　D.to ride;riding 　　題干實(shí)際上是個(gè)倒裝句，將其還原成正常形式為：He always prefer____ a bicycle rather than ____ on a crowded bus.這樣我們就很清楚地看出該句考查的句型是：prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，因此最佳答案應(yīng)是C. 　　5、常見解題失誤 　?、俨荒軘[脫母語干擾。 　?、诓荒軘[脫思維定勢(shì) 　?、鄄蛔⒁夥治鲱}干 　　④忽略關(guān)鍵信息詞 　?、莺雎?空格前后)附加信息。 (1)冠詞 　　1. I wonder what

4、it feels like to be one of ____ really rich. The Brows already have Rolls Royce and now they are buying_____ third. [仿04NMET(I)--24] 　　A.the; the 　　B.不填; a 　　C.the; a 　　D.不填;the 　　2.---What do you think about____ dress in the shop window? 　　--- Oh, it's beautiful. She will be pleased if she can h

5、ave it as____ birthday present. [仿04NMET(I)--24] 　　A.a; a 　　　　B.a; the 　　　C.the; a 　　　D.the; the 　　3.On November 11, 2004, Palestinians learnt that Yasser Arafat, _____ symbol of their struggle, died in _____ Paris hospital. [仿04NMET(I)--24] 　　A.a; / 　　　　B.the;a 　　　　C.a; the 　　　　D.the; the 　　4.-

6、--It's reported that nearly 150,000 people lost their lives in Asian tsunamis(海嘯). 　　---Yes, ______ news came as _____ shock to me. [仿04NMET(I)--24] 　　A.the; a 　　　　B.the; the 　　　　C.a; a 　　　　D.a; the 　　5.---How many people are still leading _____ life under ______ poverty line in the world? 　　---

7、 Perhaps one fourth. [仿2004NMET(IV)-35] 　　A.the; 不填 　　　B.a; the 　　　　C.a; a 　　　　D. 不填; 不填 　　(2)代詞 　　6.---It is said that Jack is very rich and goes to work in his own new car every day. What is he? 　　--- _______, I am not sure. 　　A.Somebody of a manager 　　　　B.Something of a manager 　　C.Anyone o

8、f a manager 　　　　　D.Anything of a manager 　　[仿04遼寧卷-24 / 04NMET-35/ 04江蘇卷-21 / 04浙江卷-33 / 04福建卷-22 / 04重慶卷-31 / 04廣東卷-27 /04湖南卷--21] 　　7.As they are retired, Mr and Mrs Scott prefer a house in the country to spend their late years to _____ in a large city. [仿NMET(III) --34] 　　A.like 　　　　B.it 　　　　C

9、.one 　　　　D.that 　　8.---Have you got used to the Chinese food, Robert? [仿04四川卷--32] 　　---Yes. But I don't like _____ when a Chinese host keeps serving me the food I don't like. 　　A.this 　　　　B.that 　　　　C.those 　　　　D.it 　　9.---Excuse me, where's the tea-room ? 　　---It's right over there. Can I hel

10、p you with_____? [仿04湖南卷--21] 　　--- No, thanks. 　　A.anything 　　B.something 　　C.nothing 　　D.everything 　　10.---Can you come on Monday or Tuesday ? [仿04北京卷--21] 　　--- I'm afraid _____ day is possible. 　　A.either 　　　B.some 　　　　C.neither 　　　D.any 　　11.---What's the difference between the first hou

11、se and the second ? [仿04浙江卷--33] 　　---The first house has a garage while the second has _____. 　　A.no one 　　　B.nothing 　　　C.neither 　　　D.none 　　(3)形容詞、副詞極其級(jí)別 　　12.The house rent is expensive. I've got about half the space I had at home and I'm paying_____here. [仿04廣西卷--33] 　　A.asmuch three time

12、s 　　　　　B.much as three times 　　C.twice times much 　　　　　　D.three times as much 　　13.---We are leaving on June 15. [仿04江蘇卷--32] 　　---So why not come to spend _____ days with us? I'm serious. 　　A.all these last few 　　　　　B.these all last few 　　C.these last few all 　　　　　D.all last these few 　　14.Sh

13、e looks more beautiful when she wears her____ skirt. {仿04江蘇卷--32} 　　A.green tight new silk 　　　　B.new tight green silk 　　C.silk new tight green 　　　　D.tight silk green new 　　15.It's too late to go out now. ____ , it's starting to rain. [仿04NMET(I)--35] 　　A.Meanwhile 　　B.However 　　C.Besides 　　　D.An

14、yhow 　　16.This pair of shoes doesn't look good, but that pair is _____ better, I think.[仿2004湖南卷--27] 　　A.rather 　　B.less 　　C.even 　　　D.hardly 　　(4)動(dòng)詞短語積及動(dòng)詞詞義及辨析 　　17.Shopping online can_____both convernience and choice, but not _____ websites aresafe enoung for shopping.[仿04湖南卷--34] 　　A.charge

15、;either 　　B.supply; any 　　C.offer; all 　　D.provide; both 　　18.---When shall we start? 　　---Let's _____ the time for the trip. What about 8:30? Is that all right? [仿2002北京卷25] 　　A.set 　　　　　B.meet 　　　　C.make 　　　　D.take 　　19.--- Would you like to come to the dinner party here on Saturday ? 　　---Th

16、ank you. I'd love to, _____ I'll have to finish all my homework before the weeked, otherwise, my parents won't let me go. [仿2002北京卷27] 　　A.because 　　　B.and 　　　　C.so 　　　　D.but 　　20.Now Robert, a football fan in our class, _____ rome of his daily allowance given by his parents in order to buy a new

17、football. [仿04重慶卷--26] 　　A.is giving away 　　　　　　B.is throwing away 　　C.is putting away 　　　　D.is taking away 21.John has put on so much weight recently that his mother has to _____ all his trousers to his measure. 　　A.let out 　　B.give away 　　C.bring in 　　D.make up [仿04湖南卷--30] 　　22.---Those shoe

18、s won't_____for mountain-climbing. 　　---_____this pair be OK? 　　A.help;Shall 　　B.work; May 　　C.do;Will 　　D.get;Would [仿04湖北卷36] 　　23.Bill , often regarded as one of the best students in his class , _____ to be student who cheated in the exam. [仿04浙江卷--25] 　　A.came out 　　B.let out 　　C.sent out 　　

19、D.turned out 　　24.I hadn't intended to get much from the business I ran the first year, while it ____ so well. [仿04浙江卷--25] 　　A.went out 　　B.carried out 　　C.made out 　　D.turned out 　　25.He took pity on the people in the flooded-areas and ______ his clothes and quilts to them. [仿03北京卷23、NMET-2001-

20、-26] 　　A.gave away 　　B.gave out 　　C.sent out 　　D.threw away 　　26.He might have_____ his idea about the art at the exhibition much better if he had planned what he wanted to say. [仿2002北京春招--33] 　　A.carried out 　　B.worked out 　　C.thought out 　　D.made out 　(5)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) 　　27.---Remember the first time

21、 we____ , Ed ? [仿04四川卷--25] 　　---Of course, I do. You _____ a song on the stage. 　　A.have met;sang　B.met;sang　C.met;were singing　D.have met;have sung 　　28.---I'm sorry, but there's no smoking room in this section on the train. 　　---Oh, I _____ that, and I won't smoke again. 　　A.don't know 　　B.w

22、on't know 　　C.didn't know 　　D.haven't known 　　29.Hi, Bill. I _____ you _____ in this city. How long have been here? [仿04福建卷--21] 　　A.didn't know; were B.don't kow; are C.haven't known; are D.don't know; were 　　30.---Sorry, Mum. I've lost my pen again. 　　---I_____ it ! You never remember to put y

23、our things away after using them. 　　A.knew 　　B.know 　　C.have known 　　D.will know 　　[仿04NMET-22 / 04遼寧卷-28 / 04重慶卷-23 / 04浙江卷-23 / 04江蘇卷-34 / 04福建卷-21 / 04湖南卷--31] 　　31.---Has Tom finished his job yet? [仿04四川卷--25] 　　---I have no idea of it; he _____ it this morning. 　　A.has been doing 　　B.had b

24、een doing 　　C.did 　　D.was doing 　　32.I should very much like to have gone to the party, but______. [仿04湖北卷--33] 　　A.I'm not invited 　　　　　　B.I won't be among the invited 　　C.they won't invite me 　　D.they didn't invite me 　　33.He has much money at the beginning of every month, but by the end of it

25、 he_____ have little left. 　　A.can 　　　　B.will 　　　　C.must 　　　　D.should 　　[仿04NMET(I)--22] 　　34.Sally______ a book about China last year but I don't know whether she has finished it. [仿04NMET(II)--25] 　　A.wrote 　　　　B.has written 　　　C.was writing 　　D.had written 　　35.---Has Tom finished his compos

26、ition yet? 　　---I have no idea, he _____ it this morning. [仿04福建卷--21] 　　A.would write 　　B.has written 　　C.wrote 　　D.was writing 　　36.---Why were you not at the concert last night ? 　　---Oh.I ______ for a friend from Europe at the airport. [仿04福建卷--21] 　　A.watched 　　B.have been watching 　　C.was

27、 watching 　　D.had watched 　　37.Many new workers _____ trained and in two months they will _____ to build a new railway. 　　A.are; be sending 　　　　　　B.are being; be sent [仿04北京卷--22] 　　C.are; send 　　　　　　　　　D.will be; be to send 　　38.I thought I was going to fail the exam, but I succeeded _______. [

28、仿04NMET(IV)--32] 　　A.first all 　　B.in all 　　C.at all 　　D.after all 　　39.--- What were you up to when she dropped in ? [仿04天津卷--28] 　　---I _____ for a while and ____ some reading. 　　A.had played; did 　　　　　　B.played; did 　　C.had played; was going to do D.was playing; was going to do 　　40.--- Hav

29、e you telephoned your father ? [仿04NMET(II)--34] 　　--- Yes. He _____ back next year. 　　A.expects 　　B.is expected 　　C.will expects 　　D.will be expected 　　1-5:CCBAB 6-10:BCDBC 11-15:DDABC 16-20:DCADB 21-25:ACDDA 26-30:DCCAA 31-35:DDBCD 36-40:CBDCB 第二章 高考單選題命題趨勢(shì) I. 高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題命題趨勢(shì): 1.Easy-appro

30、aching 近幾年高考單項(xiàng)填空題基本體現(xiàn)了“知識(shí)化，語境化和交際化”的特點(diǎn)，沒有出現(xiàn)以前所謂的偏﹑怪﹑難題。題干大部分比較靈活﹑簡(jiǎn)短，語境自然。這是第一個(gè)特點(diǎn)。 【例】We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, _____? A. do you B. can we C. will you D. shall we 2.Wide coverage with highlights 考查點(diǎn)的覆蓋面越來越廣泛，但又做到了重

31、點(diǎn)突出。這主要體現(xiàn)在復(fù)合句和非謂語動(dòng)詞的考查及名詞和動(dòng)詞用法的考查上。 【例】_____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog. A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten 3.Being situational 試題的立意由簡(jiǎn)單直接的“結(jié)構(gòu)立意”轉(zhuǎn)向復(fù)雜間接的“情景立意”。試題設(shè)置的語境明確，交際情景多是發(fā)生在學(xué)

32、生學(xué)習(xí)或日常生活的真實(shí)情況。 【例】--- Hi, Terry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon? --- Sorry. _____. A. It’s repaired B. It has been repaired C. It’s being repaired D. It had been repaired 4.Complicated structure 題干變得較長(zhǎng)，題干句的語義結(jié)構(gòu)趨于復(fù)雜化，語言信息量越來越大，但是有效信息由外現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)為隱

33、藏。這主要體現(xiàn)在非謂語動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的考查上。 【例】The biggest problem for most plants, which _____ just get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them. A. shan’t B can’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 5.Large vocabulary 語義辨析和語義識(shí)別題越來越多，不但加強(qiáng)了對(duì)語義的考查，而且

34、加重對(duì)詞匯擴(kuò)展能力的考查。 【例】China has got a good ____ for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization. A. reputation B. influence C. impression D. knowledge II. 命題趨勢(shì)分析總結(jié)： 1）純語法的試題會(huì)減少； 2）基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)考查的覆蓋面會(huì)越來越廣； 3）語境會(huì)更加突出； 4）注重考查學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用英語能力及邏輯推理

35、能力； 5）加大詞義辨析（特別是動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語辨析）的考查。 III. 高考單項(xiàng)分類突破 1.辨析型單項(xiàng)填空 辨析型單項(xiàng)填空題是指通過對(duì)試題選項(xiàng)中的詞匯﹑短語的形式和意義進(jìn)行辨析，從而根據(jù)句子的意義對(duì)選項(xiàng)作出正確的判斷和選擇。 此類題型往往考查對(duì)名詞﹑動(dòng)詞﹑代詞﹑形容詞﹑副詞﹑介詞及短語意義和應(yīng)用的辨析。 1）詞義辨析 【例1】The loss has not yet been _____ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars. A. calculated

36、 B. considered C. completed D. controlled 【例2】Compared with his sister, Jerry is even more _____ to, and more easily troubled by emotional and relationship problems. A. skeptical B. addicted C. available D. sensitive 2）詞性辨

37、析： 【例1】_____ had I done it when I knew I had made a mistake. A. Hardly B. Directly C. Mostly D. Nearly 【例2】_____ I meet Mary in the street, she will greet me with a smile. A. Before B. Surely C. Each time D. For 3）短語辨析

38、： 包括：動(dòng)詞與不同的介詞副詞搭配；介詞短語搭配等。 【例1】It is reported that the police will soon _____ the case of two missing children. A. look upon B. look after C. look into D. look out 【例2】--- I’m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have _____. --- So am I. T

39、hey seemed very happy together when I last saw them. A. broken up B. finished up C. divided up D. closed up 2.結(jié)構(gòu)型單項(xiàng)填空 考查考生對(duì)英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)的把握情況。表現(xiàn)：句子某些成分的省略；標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的識(shí)別；倒裝或插入其他成分使句子前后分離等，因而引起句子結(jié)構(gòu)的變化，擾亂考生對(duì)句子成分的判斷。 1）有省略的復(fù)合句---補(bǔ)全法 由于賓語從句或定語從句中謂語部分行為動(dòng)詞的省略，致使考生對(duì)不定式狀語產(chǎn)生誤解。答題方法：盡量

40、把省略部分補(bǔ)全，這有助于正確地確定答案。 【例1】 --- What made you so happy ? --- ______. A. Because of my passing the exam B. I passed the exam C. Because I passed the exam D. My passing the exam 【例2】 --- Where did you get to know her? --- It was on the farm

41、 _____ we worked. A. that B. there C. which D. where 2）標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)提示： 由于受漢語習(xí)慣的影響，考生往往不注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，從而弄錯(cuò)句子結(jié)構(gòu)。 【例1】Mary, _____ here --- everybody else, stay where you are. A. come B. comes C. to come D. com

42、ing 【例2】Soon they came to a farm house; _____ roof was much higher than the others. A. which B. whose C. that D. its 【例3】I have many friends, _____ some are businessmen. A. of them B. from which C. who of D. o

43、f whom 3）插入語的影響---簡(jiǎn)化法 有些句子插入了某些成分，從而使句子結(jié)構(gòu)支離破碎，造成考生對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的誤解。解決方法：去掉插入語或附加的次要成分，就會(huì)迅速地找到答案。 【例1】Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, _____ reduce unemployment pressures. A. help

44、 B. to have helped C. to help D. having helped 【例2】E-mail, as well as telephones, _____ an important part in daily communication. A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play 3.邏輯型單項(xiàng)填空 考查范圍：主謂一致，意義一

45、致，人稱一致，謂語動(dòng)詞和邏輯主語一致等。 【例1】_________ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into the international stars. A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given 【例2】_________ the project in time, the staff were work

46、ing at weekends. A. Competing B. Having completed C. To have completed D. To complete 4.語境型單項(xiàng)填空 在一定的語境進(jìn)行語法知識(shí)和語言知識(shí)的考查，是近年高考試題中常見的題目，這就要求考生一定要以語境為切入點(diǎn)，認(rèn)真思考，仔細(xì)分析，確定正確答案。 【例1】--- Ann is in hospital. --- Oh, really? I ______ know. I ______ go and visit her. A. d

47、idn’t; am going to B. don’t; would C. don’t; will D. didn't; will 【例2】--- It’s the office! So you ______ know eating is not allowed here. --- Oh, sorry. A. must B. will C. may D. need 5.交際型單項(xiàng)填空 考查范圍：?jiǎn)柎鹎闆r，請(qǐng)求與建議，表示祝愿，道

48、歉，感謝，表達(dá)意見，觀點(diǎn)等。 【例1】--- Bill, can I get you anything to drink? --- ______. A. You are welcome B. No problem C. I wouldn’t mind a coffee D. Doesn’t matter. 【例2】--- Putting on a happy face not only helps us make friends but also makes us f

49、eel better. --- _______. A. I’d love to B. I’m with you on that C. It’s up to you D. It’s my pleasure 【例3】--- Ken, ________, but your TV is going too loud. --- Oh, I’m sorry. I’ll turn it down right now. A. I’d like to talk with you B. I’m rea

50、lly tired of this C. I hate to say this D. I need your help 【例4】I’m amazed to hear from my school teacher again. _______, it is ten years since we met last． A. In a word B. What’s more C. That’s to say D. Believe it or not 6.其

51、它解題方法 注意連詞的提示 有時(shí)一個(gè)連詞會(huì)使句子結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生改變,因此答題時(shí)要注意題干中的連詞. 【例1】 His teacher kept on telling him that he should read English in the morning, but _______ didn’t work. A. he B. which C. it D. all 【例2】_______ it with me and I’ll see what I can do. A. When left

52、 B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave 轉(zhuǎn)化法 所謂“轉(zhuǎn)化法”就是把有些復(fù)合句、被動(dòng)句、疑問句、倒裝句、感嘆句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句等轉(zhuǎn)化為便于理解的簡(jiǎn)單句、主動(dòng)句、陳述句等。 1）將疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化成陳述句 【例】Whom is it up to _______ the matter? A. decide B. to decide C. deciding D. decided 2）轉(zhuǎn)被動(dòng)句為主動(dòng)句 【例1】Time should be

53、 made good use of _______ our lessons well. A learning B learned C to learn D learns 【例2】Charles Babbage is generally considered _______ the first computer. A to invent B inventing C to have invented D having invented

54、. 3）將強(qiáng)調(diào)句式轉(zhuǎn)化成一般句式 【例】It was _______ that resulted in the terrible car accident. A. because of her carelessness B. her being careless C. because she was careless D. she was so careless 4）感嘆句轉(zhuǎn)化為陳述句 【例】 what little Tom said to his mother sounded!

55、 A. what reasonable B. How a reasonable C. How reasonable D. What a reasonable 5）將倒裝語序轉(zhuǎn)化成正常語序 【例】Here is a note book, in which _______ the names of the visitors. A. write B. written C. were written D. was written 6）刪除附加結(jié)構(gòu),將復(fù)雜句轉(zhuǎn)化成簡(jiǎn)

56、單句 【例】John plays football _______, if not better than, David. A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as 7）將先行詞還原到定語從句中 【例】The study you have been making _______ the ancient Chinese characters is an instructive job. A. to

57、B. for C. of D. from 8）還原省略成分 【例】If the weather is fine, we'll go. If _______, _______. 　　 A. not, not B. no, no C. not, no D. no, not IV．應(yīng)試策略 1）做題時(shí)，要認(rèn)真研讀題目，尋找關(guān)鍵的信息詞、詞組或句子。切忌死摳語法條條框框，要注意上下文的關(guān)系，根據(jù)題干所提供的語境來確定最佳答案。 2）做題時(shí)，要仔細(xì)分析，正確理解，通過調(diào)整語序或簡(jiǎn)化句子

58、找到設(shè)問角度，弄清命題意圖。 3）做題時(shí)，要結(jié)合語境，注意慣用法和固定搭配，既要注意同義詞（組）間的語法差異，又要注意它們之間的意義差異。 4）做題時(shí)，要研讀題干，搜索出盡可能多的“時(shí)間參照信息”，尤其是隱含于信息中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)間信息。發(fā)現(xiàn)和分析這些信息是解決問題的關(guān)鍵。 V. 復(fù)習(xí)策略 1）全面學(xué)習(xí)掌握語法基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。 2）突出重點(diǎn)，不要平均用力。詞法方面：動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語辨析，動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)，非謂語動(dòng)詞；句法方面：復(fù)合句是重點(diǎn)，三大從句及關(guān)聯(lián)詞的使用是高考熱點(diǎn)，也是復(fù)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)。 3）注重在語境中運(yùn)用知識(shí)。特別是詞義辨析題，必須放在語境中去熟練運(yùn)用。有了語境的襯托，單詞短語的用法便會(huì)一目了然。