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1、2013高考英語(yǔ)（閱讀理解）25分鐘沖刺訓(xùn)練（4） 及答案解析 (第***篇) Throughout the world, boys and girls prefer to play with different types of toys. Boys typically like to play with cars and trucks, while girls typically choose to play with dolls. Why is this? A traditional sociological explanation is th

2、at boys and girls are socialized and encouraged to play with different types of toys by their parents, peers, and the “society”. Growing scientific evidence suggests, however, that boys’ and girls’ toy preferences may have a biological origin. In 2002, Gerianne M. Alexander of Texas A&M University

3、and Melissa Hines of City University in London surprised the scientific world by showing that monkeys showed the same sextypical toy preferences as humans. In the study, Alexander and Hines gave two masculine toys (a ball and a police car), two feminine toys (a soft doll and a cooking pot), and two

4、 neutral toys (a picture book and a stuffed dog) to 44 male and 44 female monkeys. They then assessed the monkeys’ preference for each toy by measuring how much time they spent with each. Their data showed that male monkeys showed significantly greater interest in the masculine toys, and the female

5、monkeys showed significantly greater interest in the feminine toys. The two sexes did not differ in their preference for the neutral toys. If children’ s toy preferences were largely formed by gender socialization, as traditional sociologists’ claim, in which their parents give “genderappropriate”

6、 toys to boys and girls, how can these male and female monkeys have the same preferences as boys and girls？They were never socialized by humans, and they had never seen these toys before in their lives. [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文是科普閱讀。男孩和女孩在玩玩具方面具有明顯的性別差異。這種差異是后天習(xí)得的，還是與生俱來(lái)的呢？科學(xué)家對(duì)此進(jìn)行了研究。 1．Traditional sociologists

7、believe boys’ and girls’ toy preferences ________. A. are passed down from their parents B. have a biological origin C. have nothing to do with gender socialization D. are largely formed in later life [解析]　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第一段的第四句和最后一段可知，傳統(tǒng)的社會(huì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為男孩、女孩對(duì)玩具的偏好差異是后天形成的。 [答案]　D 2．The study by Alexander a

8、nd Hines shows that monkeys________. A. also play toys as humans do B. also have a sextypical toy preference C. have no toy preferences D. like to play different toys at different time [解析]　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段的第一句說(shuō)明，猴子在玩玩具時(shí)，也有性別差異。 [答案]　B 3．Alexander and Hines carried out the study to ________. A.

9、find out why boys and girls prefer different toys B. test the intelligence of monkeys C. test whether monkeys like to play toys D. find more evidence for traditional sociology [解析]　推理判斷題。從文章第一段最后一句和最后一段可知，用猴子做研究的目的是證明男孩和女孩在玩玩具時(shí)所表現(xiàn)出的偏好是與生俱來(lái)的，而不是后天習(xí)得的。 [答案]　A 4．According to the study, if given a

10、 stuffed dog, ________. A. only the male monkeys showed interest B. the female monkeys showed more interest C. the male and female monkeys showed the same interest D. neither the male nor the female monkeys showed any interest [解析]　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第二段最后一句可知，如果給一種中性的玩具，猴子表現(xiàn)出的興趣沒(méi)有性別差異。 [答案]　C 5．Mascul

11、ine toys are mainly intended for________. A. monkeys　 B. adult C. boys D. girls [解析]　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第二段可知，這種玩具是跟女孩玩的玩具相對(duì)的，因此是指男孩玩具。 [答案]　C *************************************************************************結(jié)束 (第***篇) “Can I see my baby？” the happy new mother asked. When

12、the bundle was in her arms and she moved the fold of cloth to look upon his tiny face, she gasped. The doctor turned quickly and looked out of the tall hospital window. The baby had been born without ears. Time proved that the baby’ s hearing was perfect. It was only his appearance that was imperfe

13、ct. When he rushed home from school one day and threw himself into his mother’s arms, she sighed, knowing that his life was to be misfortunate. He cried out the tragedy, “A boy, a big boy... called me a freak (怪人)．” He grew up, handsome. A favourite with his fellow students, he might have been clas

14、s president, but for that. He developed a gift, a talent for literature and music. “But you might communicate with other young people，” his mother blamed him, but felt a kindness in her heart. Two years went by. One day, his father said to the son, “You’ re going to the hospital, son. Mother and I

15、have someone who will donate the ears you need. But it’ s a secret.” The operation was a brilliant success, and a new person emerged. Later he married and entered the diplomatic service. One day, he asked his father, “Who gave me the ears? Who gave me so much? I could never do enough for him or her

16、.” “I do not believe you could，” said the father, “but the agreement was that you are not to know... not yet.” The years kept their secret, but the day did come. He stood with his father over his mother’ s casket. Slowly, tenderly, the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick, reddish bro

17、wn hair to reveal the mother had no outer ears. “Mother said she was glad she never let her hair be cut，” his father whispered gently, “and nobody ever thought Mother less beautiful, did they？” [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文講述了一個(gè)感人的故事。兒子天生沒(méi)有耳朵，母親將自己的耳朵捐獻(xiàn)給了兒子。母親去世后，父親才將這個(gè)秘密告訴兒子。 1．Why did Mother gasp when she saw her

18、newborn baby? A. Because her son had a tiny face. B. Because she saw her son crying. C. Because her son was born imperfect. D. Because her son was in her arms. [解析]　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段最后一句話“The baby had been born without ears.”可知答案。 [答案]　C 2．Which word can describe Mother’ s feeling when the son threw

19、 himself into her arms? A. Nervous.　　　　　　 B. Sympathetic. C. Proud. D. Angry. [解析]　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段的“When he rushed home from school one day and threw himself into his mother’s arms，she sighed，knowing that his life was to be misfortunate.”可知答案。 [答案]　B 3．Who gave the son the ears? A. A doctor.

20、 B. His father. C. His mother. D. A stranger. [解析]　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章最后可知是母親獻(xiàn)出了自己的耳朵。 [答案]　C 4．The underlined word “reveal” in the last but one paragraph means “________”． A. see B. show C. find D. search [解析]　詞義推測(cè)題。父親撥開(kāi)母親的頭發(fā)，揭示了母親將自己的耳朵捐給兒子的真相，因此，此處reveal是“顯示”的意思。 [答案]　B 5．The best title f

21、or the passage would be ________. A. Mother’s hair B. An unforgettable memory C. Who gave me the ears? D. Who is my best respectable person? [解析]　標(biāo)題歸納題。是誰(shuí)給了我耳朵？這是貫穿文章的線索。故選C。 [答案]　C [長(zhǎng)難句解讀]　When he rushed home from school one day and threw himself into his mother’s arms，she sighed，knowing that his life was to be misfortunate. When he...arms是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句是she sighed，knowing是現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表示原因，后面又跟了一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，不定式短語(yǔ)to be misfortunate作表語(yǔ)，表示他的人生注定不幸。 **********************************************************************結(jié)束