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1、2013高考英語經(jīng)典陷阱題大串講·逗號? 1. It was his word and action, but not his appearance, _________ moved us deeply. A. that B. which C. who D. as 【分析】許多同學(xué)會受空格前面逗號的影響，認(rèn)為此句是非限制性定語從句，對前面的his word and action 或his appearance進(jìn)行說明，從而將答案誤選為B、C或D。而事實上，此題的正確答案為A，整個句子是It was… that… 強調(diào)句型，強調(diào)his word and action, but not hi

2、s appearance 部分。 判斷這類句子的最佳辦法是將句子中的It was 及空格同時去掉，看其留下的部分是否還成為一個句子。若是一個完整的句子，則是強調(diào)句型；若不能成為完整的句子，則可能是定語從句或主語從句。 2. _________ is reported, the project was completed yesterday. A. It B. As C. This D. What 【分析】許多同學(xué)會忽略了句子中間的逗號而認(rèn)為此題是主語從句，于是將答案誤選為A。把It當(dāng)作句子的形式主語，況且It is reported 也是一個常用句型，讀起來也很有英語語感。而事實上，答

3、案選錯了，因為在主語從句中的連接詞that不能省略。正確答案應(yīng)該選B，構(gòu)成一個非限制性定語從句。 3. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, __________________ it more difficult. A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make 【分析】許多同學(xué)會一看到句子中的逗號就會想到此題是考查非謂語動詞表結(jié)果的用法：現(xiàn)在分詞表結(jié)果時，跟句子間可用逗號隔開；而不定式表結(jié)果時，與句子間常不用逗號。于是將答案誤選為 C。其實，在此

4、句中，逗號相當(dāng)于連詞and 或 but, not to make it more difficult是與逗號前面不定式 to make it easier相并列，對之進(jìn)行補充或說明，因此答案應(yīng)該選B。全句的意思是：新技術(shù)的目的是為了使生活變得更容易，并不是使生活變得更困難。兩個不定式在句子中作表語說明主語的內(nèi)容。有如此用法的詞還有 idea, suggestion, hope, goal, aim, dream 等，如： (1) My idea is to visit the museum, _________ to the park. A. not go B. not going C.

5、not to go D. do not go (2) My dream is not to live on the earth but __________________ on the moon. A. live B. living C. to live D. being living 同學(xué)們不難看出，以上兩題的答案都是C。但值得一提的是：不定式并列作表語時，若否定的不定式在前而肯定的不定式在后，一般須用but連接，而不用逗號。 4. If a book is in English, _________ means slow progress for you. A. as B. w

6、hich C. what D. that 【分析】許多同學(xué)會忽略句首的if，根據(jù)空格前面的逗號判斷填空句為一個非限制性定語從句，于是將答案誤選為B或A；其實，此題得正確答案應(yīng)該選D。逗號前是一個條件句，逗號后面應(yīng)該要有該狀語從句的主句，that在此代表前面的內(nèi)容，作句子的主語。 現(xiàn)在請看下列幾道題： (1) If he is only interested in your books, _________ just shows how shallow he is. A. as B. which C. what D. that (2) If you want to go, ______

7、___ is quite all right with me. A. that B. which C. and it D. so (3) When I say two hours, __________________ includes time for eating. A. as B. which C. what D. that (4) If you want a double room, _________ will cost another $ 15. A. as B. which C. what D. that (5) If you have the money, ____

8、_____ will be OK. A. that B. which C. and it D. so (6)?Unless I’m very much mistaken, _________ is my watch you are wearing. A. as B. which C. what D. that 它們的答案也應(yīng)該選 that，而不應(yīng)該選 which。 5. There were a lot of people in the reading-room, most of _________ with their heads bent down over their bo

9、oks. A. them B. whom C. that D. which 【分析】許多同學(xué)會根據(jù)句子中的逗號，想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為這是考查非限制性定語從句，從而將答案誤選為 B。但事實上，逗號后面由于沒有謂語動詞，根本不是完整的句子，而是一個“代詞 + 動詞的過去分詞”的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因此，正確答案應(yīng)該選 A。 6. Not far from the school there was a garden, ___________ owner seated in it playing chess with his grandson every afternoon. A. its B. whose

10、 C. which D. that 【分析】此題與上一題相似，許多同學(xué)會根據(jù)句子中的逗號，想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為這是考查非限制性定語從句，whose 在定語從句中用作定語修飾其后面的名詞owner，從而將答案誤選為 B。從表面上看，似乎天衣無縫，但事實上，逗號后面由于沒有謂語動詞，根本不是完整的句子。盡管句子中優(yōu)兩個動詞(seated和playing)，然而它們并不是謂語動詞，而都是非謂語動詞，在句子中作定語，修飾說明名詞owner。因此，逗號后面是一個“代詞 + 動詞的過去分詞”的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，正確答案應(yīng)該選 A。現(xiàn)在請看下面兩個類似的句子： (1) He wrote a lot of novel

11、s, many of __________________ translated into foreign languages. A. it B. them C. which D. that (2) He wrote a lot of novels, many of __________________ were translated into foreign languages. A. it B. them C. which D. that (3) He wrote a lot of novels, and many of __________________ were transl

12、ated into foreign languages. A. it B. them C. which D. that 第 (1) 題的答案應(yīng)該選 B，而不能選 C。因為，句子中translated是非謂語動詞，不能充當(dāng)句子的謂語，從而可確定逗號后面部分不是句子，故答案不能選C；第 (2) 題答案應(yīng)該C，因為逗號后面部分由于有were translated作謂語，從而使后面部分構(gòu)成定語從句來說明novels的情況；第 (3) 題的答案應(yīng)該選 B，因為逗號后面雖然有 were translated，但是還有連詞 and，從而使前后兩個句子成為并列句，而不是主從復(fù)合句，故答案應(yīng)該選C。從上面可

13、以看出：在給句子選擇答案時，不僅要注意標(biāo)符號，同時，也還要注意句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。 7. It is his dog, according to Li Lei, _________ saved him from the trap. A. who B. which C. that D. what 【分析】許多同學(xué)會認(rèn)為這是考查定語從句，先行詞是 his dog 或 Li Lei，于是將答案誤選為A、B，其實，這是一個強調(diào)句型，是對主語his dog 進(jìn)行強調(diào)，因此，正確答案應(yīng)該選 C。 8. The children are having a good time, _________ with sand, others with toys. A. some of them playing B. who playing C. some of whom are playing D. some of them 【分析】許多同學(xué)會受第1個逗號的影響，以為是非限制性定語從句，將答案誤選為C。其實空格部分應(yīng)與others with toys 并行，同為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意為：孩子們玩得很痛快，有的玩沙子，有的玩玩具。故答案選 A