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1、The World Bank and Regional Development Banks: status, challenges, opportunities and possible directions of travel,Bishakha Mukherjee Commonwealth Secretariat,A varied landscape,25-plus institutions Size and leverage Region, sub-region Hard, soft terms Private, public focus Policy, projects Knowledg

2、e base World Bank/IMF lead,Shared Characteristics:,Capital market links Shareholder power “Credit Culture” Managerial Autonomy Untied Suppliers,Operations of World Bank and Regional Banks,Net “ hard” window lending now zero WB flows negative, compensated by RDBs Soft windows have $6-7b +positive net

3、 flow Rising explicit grants (IDA) Rationing rules and performance allocations,Some IDA specifics,$33b mobilised 2005-2007 40% internally funded 21% direct grants, including AIDS, conflict PRSP mandatory Allocations from $10 to $3 per capita,Role of IDA/WB,Largest multilateral in Africa, Asia Larges

4、t single donor in many countries (IDA) Present in most sectors and budget support Coordinator of aid (CGs) With IMF, administers debt relief Assists PRSP process Enthusiastic “harmoniser”,Some Policy Issues,Regionals too much in WB image End-Game for grant expansion? Proliferation of “global” progra

5、mmes PRSP: based on needs or resources? Reforming governance, voting shares Loss of appetite from BRICs,Choices/Future Directions,Relation with UN and UNDP indeterminate Decentralisation and regional banks Global Public Goods: who anchors? UN/WB Conditionality-rhetoric or substance? Pivotal Role of US and new President A proven chameleon.. But “imperial overstretch”..,IDA: outstanding development credits and associated charge income,