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車輛與動力工程學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計說明書 4座微型客貨兩用車設(shè)計（車架、制動系設(shè)計） 摘要 汽車制動系是保證汽車及駕駛者生命安全的重要部分，制動系是使行進中的汽車減慢速度或者停止運動。 這次我的畢業(yè)設(shè)計題目是4座微型客車設(shè)計（車架、制動系設(shè)計）。在第二章我主要介紹了制動系的概況和設(shè)計時應(yīng)滿足的基本要求。第三章主要是制動系的類型及最后確定的方案，其中列出了幾種可供選擇的類型并進行了分析、比較最后確定的方案如下：行車制動器：前鼓后鼓，前鼓式制動器為雙領(lǐng)蹄式制動器，后鼓式制動器為領(lǐng)從蹄式制動器。第五章主要介紹了制動系主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的選擇并進行了簡單的計算，是本設(shè)計說明書的核心部分，其中包括鼓式制動器主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的選擇，例如：制動鼓內(nèi)徑、摩擦襯片寬度和包角、摩擦襯片起始角，同時對制動力和制動力矩分配系數(shù)進行了計算。第四章主要對駐車制動和應(yīng)急制動進行了簡單的計算。第五章介紹的是制動器主要零件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計，如制動鼓、制動蹄、制動底板和制動輪缸等。第七章包括制動驅(qū)動機構(gòu)的選擇和計算，制動管路的分路系統(tǒng)和液壓驅(qū)動機構(gòu)的設(shè)計和計算。第八章列出了車架的幾種類型，分析比較之后，最后確定選用前窄后寬的邊梁式車架，并且在這一章中對車架的彎曲強度進行了計算，對車架的剛度進行了校核。 通過這一系列的分析、計算、校核等，這套設(shè)計方案是可行的。 關(guān)鍵詞：制動系統(tǒng)，鼓式制動器，應(yīng)急制動，車架 V THE DESIGN OF 4SEATS MINI DUAL-USE CAR (THE DESIGN OF FRAME AND BRAKE SYSTEM) ABSTRACT The brake system is an important part to keep safety for automobile, the purpose of the braking system is to slow down and stop the moving automobile. My topic in this graduation design is the design of frame and the brake system.In second chapter we mainly introduced something about the brake system and some requests which the brake system should satisfied. The third chapter mainly introduced the type of the brake system and finally determined the plan, in this chapter we listed several kinds to choose, at last we determined the plan through analysis and compare with as follows: In traveling brake system, the former wheels and the rear wheels are drum brake. The drum type brake for collar from foot brake. The fourth chapter mainly introduced the main design parameter’s choice and has carried on the simple computation, and this chapter is the most important part. Including drum type main design parameter choice, For example: The brake drum inside diameter, the width, the angle and the outset angle and so on, simultaneously have carried on the computation to the brake strength and the braking moment distribution coefficient. The fifth chapter mainly said the vehicle to brake on stopping and momentary through simple computation. The brake major parts structural design, like brake drum and brake wheel cylinder and so on were designed in the sixth chapter. Seventh chapter including applies the brake the driving mechanism choice and the computation, the brake line by-pass system and the hydraulic pressure driving mechanism design and the computation. Eighth chapter has listed the frame several kind of types, after the analysis comparison, after finally front determined selects the narrow width side beam plate frame, And has carried on the computation in this chapter to the frame bending strength, has carried on the examination to the frame rigidity. Through this a series of analysis, computation, examination and so on, this set of design proposal is feasible KEY WORDS: brake system, drum brake，emergency brake, frame 常用符號表 —制動器因數(shù) —汽車承受的總地面制動力，N —汽車制動器制動力，N —輪胎與地面間的附著力，N —制動器摩擦副的摩擦系數(shù) —汽車重力，N —重力加速度,m/s2 —汽車質(zhì)心高度,mm —制動減速度, m/s2 —汽車軸距,mm —汽車總重量,kg —制動蹄摩擦片與鼓之間的法向力,N —制動蹄的張開力,N —車輪有效半徑,mm —制動器對車輪的制動力矩,N/m —汽車行駛速度,m/s —地面對車輪的法向力,N —汽車制動器制動力分配系數(shù) —輪胎與地面間的附著系數(shù) —同步附著系數(shù) 目 錄 第一章 前言......................................1 第二章 制動器概況...............................3 第三章 制動器的結(jié)構(gòu)類型及選擇...................5 第四章 制動參數(shù)選擇及計算.......................9 §4.1 制動器主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)選擇.....................9 §4.2 制動力與制動力矩分配系數(shù)..................11 §4.3 制制動器設(shè)計計算..........................12 第五章 駐車制動和應(yīng)急制動計算.............16 §5.1 駐車制動計算..............................16 §5.2應(yīng)急制動計算..............................17 第六章 制動器主要零件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計.............18 第七章 制動驅(qū)動機構(gòu)的選擇及計算.................20 §7.1制動驅(qū)動機構(gòu)形式的選擇....................20 §7.2制動管路的分路系統(tǒng).......................20 §7.3液壓驅(qū)動機構(gòu)的設(shè)計與計算..................21 第八章 車架...................................24 §8.1車架的功用與要求........................24 §8.2車架類型方案對比與分析...................24 §8.3橫梁和縱梁的連接.........................25 §8.4車架的設(shè)計與計算.........................26 第九章 總結(jié)..................................31 參考文獻(xiàn).......................................32 致謝.............................................33