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中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)長城學(xué)院 本科畢業(yè)論文外文資料翻譯 系 別： 工程技術(shù)系 專 業(yè)：機(jī)械設(shè)計制造及其自動化 姓 名： 阮仁貴 學(xué) 號： 05208312 2012 年 3 月 1 日 外文資料翻譯譯文 磨損測試機(jī) 來源：美國專利局 應(yīng)用 7 月 22,1949 1883，作為修訂 1928 年 4 月 30 日 ； 3，3 月的行為根據(jù)批 370 第 G.757 作者：喬治·布萊克，蒙哥馬利縣，馬里蘭州，和埃德溫r.paul，華盛頓，華盛頓 本文所發(fā)明涉及的是一種耐磨的試驗機(jī)，這種試驗機(jī)是一種特別耐磨并且絕緣，使覆蓋上面的電線電纜不能通過機(jī)器來對人造成安全的威脅。這種磨損試驗機(jī)采用的是砂輪或鋒利的邊緣來達(dá)到一種磨損或穿透所要磨損的東西。但是，隨著試驗的結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，試驗機(jī)在工作的時候刀刃由于高速則成為砂輪運轉(zhuǎn)堵塞。在刀刃磨損以外。在其它機(jī)器，適用于負(fù)載的物體是可變的，在緊張的情況下應(yīng)用于電線并持續(xù)它的表面研磨。 本次設(shè)計的目的是提供一個機(jī)械中負(fù)載應(yīng)用到研磨表面，在正常的情況下不斷的在表面進(jìn)行研磨。另一項發(fā)明的目的是提供一個試驗機(jī)機(jī)在一個新的和未使用的部分的研磨表面用于每次的測試。另一目的是研磨圓形，矩形，或其他形狀的電纜。 其他對象的優(yōu)勢將變得磨損的更加充分以下是具體的說明。在這說明當(dāng)中體現(xiàn)出原理大大的加速度產(chǎn)生的動力會給傳送帶的紋理、傳送帶結(jié)合處、驅(qū)動滑輪、軸承、減速器以及耦合器帶來負(fù)面影響。毫無控制的加速度產(chǎn)生的動力能夠引起帶式傳送機(jī)系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生諸多不良問題，比如上下曲線運動、過度傳送帶提升運動、滑輪和傳送帶打滑、運輸原料的溢出和傳送帶結(jié)構(gòu)。傳送帶的設(shè)計需要面對兩個問題：第一，傳送帶驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)必須能夠產(chǎn)生啟動帶式傳送機(jī)的最小轉(zhuǎn)動力矩；第二，控制加速度產(chǎn)生動力在安全界限內(nèi)?？梢酝ㄟ^驅(qū)動力矩控制設(shè)備來完成，控制設(shè)備可以是電子手段也可以是機(jī)械手段。 工作時刀刃是一個垂直移動，它可以樞轉(zhuǎn)地連接到支架臂和中樞軸銷。體重連接臂提供了向下的壓力，在其下部與壓板固定在它的焊接或其他常規(guī)手段，和一個通道壓板中心圓形電力電纜連接。在實施過程中按物體是松散的加入后由一個球窩關(guān)節(jié)，其他形狀的電纜可以被磨損。工作板還可調(diào)，通過固定螺釘并具有指導(dǎo)研磨帶。這是拉輥和在其上端，如圖所示詳細(xì)圖。軸和滑輪連接到其兩側(cè)連接帶?？梢钥闯觯捎诖筝嗱?qū)動較小數(shù)，滑脫是為了將不超過適當(dāng)?shù)木o張的研磨帶。因為它是上轉(zhuǎn)和引腳的取決于驅(qū)動裝置，它表明大量的絕緣題。一對夾具和固定柱和支架分別接觸，完成一個電路時所需金額絕緣已經(jīng)磨損完成。螺絲可以調(diào)整，以便在工作板定位。這樣一個新的部分的研磨帶可用于每個運行的地帶。在操作中，該夾具牽引輥磨料，原來的一些行動的軸可以計算或記錄在一個計數(shù)器，和接觸可能是在一個電路包括繼電器開關(guān)的電機(jī)電路，一個開放的位置?？刂崎_關(guān)是在電機(jī)電路的操作手冊。它應(yīng)被理解，當(dāng)然，上述涉及的只有一個首選，許多修改或改變可能是其中沒有離開發(fā)明的范圍中所規(guī)定的附加要求。 磨損試驗機(jī)所組成的一個系統(tǒng)，一個支持對卷筒經(jīng)行運轉(zhuǎn)，夾緊方式對每一個表示支持適應(yīng)的安全線之間有一間隙，相互支持，一個可移動的橫向固定的底座，磨料傳帶和軸之間，電機(jī)和減速器的基礎(chǔ)上連接到一對摩擦輥，傳動裝置和定位之間有連接，驅(qū)動方式的軸驅(qū)動方式連接一個說卷筒驅(qū)動的運動，傳送帶由此給其他，可移動的驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)控制或必須調(diào)整相當(dāng)數(shù)量減速的強(qiáng)制在翻修期間嗎，翻修發(fā)生當(dāng)運行和開始? 維護(hù)和支持系統(tǒng)。各個驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)將要求定期預(yù)防維護(hù)?？商鎿Q的項目會包括馬達(dá)、軸承、閘填充、散逸電阻器、油, 和涼水。如果驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)被設(shè)計和保守地被管理, 更低的重音在可消耗導(dǎo)致更低的維修費用。一些驅(qū)動器要求支持系統(tǒng)譬如流通的油為潤滑油、冷卻空氣或水, 環(huán)境塵土過濾, 或計算機(jī)儀器工作。支持系統(tǒng)的維護(hù)可能影響驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)的可靠性。 外文原文 Abrasion testing machine United states patent office Application July 22,1949,Serial no.106,266 3 claims.(cl.73-7) (Granted under the act of march 3, 1883,as amended April 30, 1928; 370 O. G.757) George F.Blackburn,Montgomery county,Md.,and Edwin R.paul,Washington,d.c This invention relates to abrasion testing machines and in particular to a machine for testing the resistance to abrasion of the insulation or covering on electric wires and cables. At present, abrasion testing machines employ abrasive wheels or sharp edges to wear away or penetrate the insulation or covering on cables. It has been found that knife edges rapidly become dull and abrasive wheels become clogged with the material as it is abraded away. In other machines, the load applied to the specimen wire is variable with the tension applied to the wire to hold it over the abrading surface. The present invention has for its object to provide a machine in which the load applied to the abrading surface may be held normal and constant at any desired value. Another object of the invention is to provide a machine in which a new and unused section of an abrading surface may be used for each test. Another object of the invention is to abrade either round, rectangular, or other shaped electric cables. Other objects and advantages of the invention will hereinafter become more fully apparent from the following description of the annexed drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments, and wherein.: Fig.1 shows an elevational view of the invention. Fig.2 shows a view in elevation of a portion of the invention. Fig.3 shows a partial view partly in section of another embodiment of the invention,and Fig.4 shows a view insection of a portion of the invention taken on line4---4 of Fig.1. Referring in more particular to the drawing, in Fig. 1,a base 10 has secured to it a support 11 for holding electric motor12 and reduction gear unit 12. Also secured to base 10 is post 14 having at its upper end a work plate 15 secured by set screws 15 and supporting a dial indicator gauge 16 by means of off-set bracket 17 and adjustable clamp 18 , as seen in Fig.2. Positioned between the work plate 15 and the gauge 16 is a vertically movable post 19 pivotally connected to off-set bracket 17 by arms 20, 21 and pivot pins 22. Weight 23 is attached to arm 21 and provides downward pressure to post 19. Post 19 has at its lower and press plate 24 secured to it by welding or other conventional means, and a channel 25 in the press plate 24 serves to center a round electric cable 26. In the embodiment shown it Fig.3, press plate24 is loosely joined to post 19 by a ball and socket joint 25 in order that other shaped cables 26 may be abraded. Work plate 15 is adjustable on post 14 by means of set screws 15 and has guides 27 to guide the abrasive strip 28 as it is pulled by rollers 29 and 30 from reel 31 to take up reel 32, which are supported by posts 33 and 34 having clamps 35 and 36 at their upper ends respectively, as shown in detail in Fig.4. Reels 31 and 32 have pulleys 37 and 38 attached to their sides and are connected by belt 39.It will be seen that owing to the larger pulley 37 driving the smaller one 38,an amount of slippage is needed in order to apply no more than the proper tension to the abrasive strip 28 as it is wound on the take-up reel 32. Pin 40 of the guage 16 rests on the post19 and actuates the guage16 to indicate the amount of insulation abraded from the wire 26 or 26. A pair of clamps 41 and 42 are fixed to post 19 and bracket 17 respectively and have contacts 43 to complete an electrical circuit when a desired amount of insulation has been worn away. Set screws 15 may be adjusted in order that the work plate 15 can be positioned on post 14 so that a fresh part of the abrasive strip 28 may be used for each rerun of the strip. In operation,the wire 26 is held by clamps 35 and 36 and with the rollers 29 and 30 pulling the abrasive strip 28 ,the number of turns of the take-up reel 32 may be counted or recorded on a counter 44, and the contacts 43 may be in a circuit including a relay 45 to actuating switch 46 in the motor circuit to an open position, as shown in Fig. 1.A control switch 47 is shown in the motor circuit for manual operation. It should be understood, of course, that the foregoing disclosure relates to only a preferred embodiment (or embodiments) of the invention and that numerous modifications or alterations may be made therein without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims. The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government of 50 the United States of America for governmental purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefore. 1.An abrasion testing machine for insulated55 wires comprising a base,a pair of supports for Reels secured thereon, clamping means one on each of said supports adapted to secure a wire there between, a reel on each support, a laterally movable anvil secured to said base over which said wire is held, an abrasive tape wound on and between said reels and passing over said anvil under said wire, a motor and reduction gear on said base drivably connected to a pair of friction rollers having said tape drivably positioned there between, driving means connecting the one of said reels driven means connecting the one of said reels driven by the movement of said tape therefrom to the other or take-up reel, movable holding means on said base positioned over said anvil adapted to press said wire against said tape on said anvil, tape guiding means on said anvil, means for moving said anvil and said tape-guiding means laterally prior to a test so as to present an unused portion of said tape to said wire for successive tests, indicating means on said base for measuring the movement of said holding means toward said anvil resulting form the abrasion and removal of insulation from said wire, and contact means operable by the resultant movement of said holding means to deenergize said motor when a predetermined amount of insulation has been removed. The device as set forth in claim 1 in which the driving means connecting the driven reel to the take-up reel comprises a pair of pulleys secured one to each of said reels, and a slippable belt operable on said pulleys. The device as set forth in claim 2 in which the pulley secured to the driven reel is relatively larger than the pulley secured to the take-up reel. 7