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摘 要 本設(shè)計為一止轉(zhuǎn)墊板的冷沖壓連續(xù)模具設(shè)計,根據(jù)設(shè)計零件的尺寸、材料、批量生 產(chǎn)等要求,首先分析零件的工藝性,確定沖裁工藝方案及模具結(jié)構(gòu)方案,然后通過工藝 設(shè)計計算,確定排樣和裁板,計算沖壓力和壓力中心,沖孔、落料壓力,初選壓力機, 計算凸、凹模刃口尺寸和公差,最后設(shè)計選用零、部件,對壓力機進行校核,繪制模具 總裝草圖,以及對模具主要零件的加工工藝規(guī)程進行編制。其中在結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計中,主要對 落料凸模、凹模、凸凹模、定位零件、卸料與出件裝置、模架、沖壓設(shè)備、緊固件等進 行了設(shè)計,對于部分零部件選用的是標準件,并且在結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計的同時,對部分零部件進 行了加工工藝分析,最終才完成這篇畢業(yè)設(shè)計。本次對止轉(zhuǎn)墊板進行的連續(xù)模設(shè)計,利 用 CAXA 軟件對制件進行設(shè)計繪圖。明確了設(shè)計思路,確定了沖壓成型工藝過程并對各 個具體部分進行了詳細的計算和校核。如此設(shè)計出的結(jié)構(gòu)可確保模具工作運用可靠,保 證了與其他部件的配合。并繪制了模具的裝配圖和零件圖。 關(guān)鍵詞:止 轉(zhuǎn) 墊 板 ; 沖 壓 工 藝 ; 排 樣 ; 連 續(xù) 模 II Abstract The design for a locking plate of cold stamping die design, according to the size of the design components, materials, mass production, etc., the first part of the process of analysis to determine the blanking process planning and die structure of the program, and then through the process design calculations, determine the nesting and cutting board, calculate the pressure and pressure washed centers, primary presses, computing convex and concave Die Cutting Edge dimensions and tolerances, the final design selection of parts and components, to press for checking, drawing die assembly drawings, as well as Mold processing technology of the main parts to the preparation procedures. In which the structural design, primarily to the punch and die, punch and die, positioning parts, unloading and out of pieces of equipment, mold, pressing equipment, fasteners, etc. has been designed, for the selection of some components are standard parts , there is no in-depth design, and structural design, while some parts for the processing process analysis and ultimately to complete this graduation project. Progressive die design of the locking plate is, to design parts drawing using CAXA softwere. Defined the design, determine the stamping forming process and the detailed calculation and test for each specific parts. So the structure is designed to ensure reliable mould work, ensure the cooperation with other components. And to draw the mold assembly drawing and parts drawing. Key words: Locking plate; Staming process; Stock layout; Progressive die 目 錄 摘 要 ...........................................................................................................................................III ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................IV 目 錄 ............................................................................................................................................V 1 緒論 .............................................................................................................................................1 1.1 本課題的研究內(nèi)容和意義 ....................................................................................................1 1.2 國內(nèi)外的發(fā)展概況 ................................................................................................................1 1.2.1 國外模具發(fā)展概況 ........................................................................................................1 1.2.2 國內(nèi)模具發(fā)展概況 .........................................................................................................2 1.3 本課題應(yīng)達到的要求 ............................................................................................................3 2 沖壓工藝設(shè)計 .............................................................................................................................4 2.1 沖壓件簡介 ...........................................................................................................................4 2.2 沖壓的工藝性分析 ...............................................................................................................4 2.3 沖壓工序 ...............................................................................................................................5 2.4 沖裁間隙 ................................................................................................................................5 2.5 沖壓工藝方案的確定 ...........................................................................................................6 3 止轉(zhuǎn)墊板連續(xù)模設(shè)計 .................................................................................................................7 3.1 模具結(jié)構(gòu) ...............................................................................................................................7 3.2 確定其搭邊值 .......................................................................................................................8 3.3 確定排樣圖 ...........................................................................................................................8 3.4 材料利用率計算 ...................................................................................................................9 3.5 凸、凹模刃口尺寸的確定 ...................................................................................................9 3.5.1 落料部份凸、凹模刃口尺寸的確定 ............................................................................9 3.5.2 沖 4 個小孔凸、凹模刃口尺寸的確定 ......................................................................10 3.5.3 中間大孔凸、凹模刃口尺寸的確定 ..........................................................................12 3.6 沖壓力計算 .........................................................................................................................12 3.6.1 落料部分沖壓力 ..........................................................................................................13 3.6.2 沖孔部分沖壓力 ..........................................................................................................13 3.6.3 側(cè)刃部分沖壓力 ..........................................................................................................14 3.6.4 總沖壓力 ......................................................................................................................14 3.7 壓力機選用 ..........................................................................................................................14 3.8 壓力中心計算 .....................................................................................................................15 3.9 模具主要零部件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 .............................................................................................15 3.9.1 凹模結(jié)構(gòu)及設(shè)計 ..........................................................................................................16 3.9.2 小凸模 1 設(shè)計 ..............................................................................................................17 3.9.3 小孔凸模 2 設(shè)計 ..........................................................................................................18 3.9.4 落料凸模設(shè)計 ..............................................................................................................18 3.9.5 中間大孔凸模設(shè)計 ......................................................................................................19 I 3.9.6 卸料板設(shè)計 ..................................................................................................................20 3.9.7 凸模固定板設(shè)計 ..........................................................................................................21 3.9.8 凸模墊板設(shè)計 ..............................................................................................................21 3.9.9 側(cè)刃設(shè)計 ......................................................................................................................22 3.9.10 側(cè)刃擋塊設(shè)計 ............................................................................................................23 3.9.11 前側(cè)導(dǎo)板設(shè)計 ............................................................................................................23 3.9.12 后側(cè)導(dǎo)板設(shè)計 ............................................................................................................24 3.10 標準件確定 .......................................................................................................................24 3.10.1 模架確定 ....................................................................................................................24 3.10.2 上模螺釘確定 ............................................................................................................24 3.10.3 上模銷確定 ................................................................................................................25 3.10.4 下模螺釘確定 ............................................................................................................25 3.10.5 下模銷確定 ................................................................................................................25 3.10.6 卸料螺釘確定 ............................................................................................................25 3.10.7 彈性元件設(shè)計 ............................................................................................................25 3.10.8 模柄確定 ....................................................................................................................26 3.10.9 模柄上止轉(zhuǎn)銷的確定 ................................................................................................26 3.11 模具閉合高度、校驗壓力機 ...........................................................................................26 4 結(jié)論與展望 ...............................................................................................................................27 4.1 結(jié)論 .....................................................................................................................................27 4.2 不足之處及未來展望 .........................................................................................................27 致 謝 ...........................................................................................................................................28 參考文獻 .......................................................................................................................................29 2 1 緒論 1.1 本課題的研究內(nèi)容和意義 現(xiàn)代模具行業(yè)是技術(shù)、資金密集型的行業(yè);現(xiàn)代模具是高技術(shù)背景下的工藝 密集型工業(yè)。它作為重要的生產(chǎn)裝備行業(yè)在為各行各業(yè)服務(wù)的同時,也直接為 高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)服務(wù)。 由于現(xiàn)在模具生產(chǎn)要采用一系列高新技術(shù),如 CAD/CAE/CAM/CAPP 等技 術(shù)、計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)、激光技術(shù)、逆向工程和并行工程、快速成形技術(shù)及敏捷 制造技術(shù)、高速加工及超精加工、微細加工、復(fù)合加工、表面處理技術(shù)等等。 因此,模具工業(yè)已成為高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的一個重要組成部分。模具技術(shù)水平在很 大程度上決定于人才的整體水平,而模具技術(shù)水平的高低,又決定著產(chǎn)品的質(zhì) 量、效益和新產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)能力,因此模具技術(shù)已成為衡量一個國家產(chǎn)品制造水 平高低的重要標志! 如今汽車、電子、電器、航空、儀表、輕工、塑料、日用品等工業(yè)部門極 其依賴模具。沒有模具,就沒有高質(zhì)量的產(chǎn)品。模具不是一般的工藝裝備,而 是技術(shù)密集型的產(chǎn)品,工業(yè)發(fā)達國家把模具作為機械制造方面的高科技產(chǎn)品來 對待他們認為:“模具是發(fā)展工業(yè)的一把鑰匙” ;“模具是一個企業(yè)的心 臟” ;“模具是富裕社會的一種動力” 。 沖壓模具在實際工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中應(yīng)用廣泛。在傳統(tǒng)的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中,工人生產(chǎn)的 勞動強度大、勞動量大,嚴重影響生產(chǎn)效率的提高。隨著當今科技的發(fā)展, 工 業(yè)生產(chǎn)中模具的使用已經(jīng)越來越引起人們的重視,而被大量應(yīng)用到工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中 來。沖壓模具的自動送料技術(shù)也投入到實際的生產(chǎn)中,沖壓模具可以大大的提 高勞動生產(chǎn)效率,減輕工人負擔,具有重要的技術(shù)進步意義和經(jīng)濟價值。 沖壓模具作為模具行業(yè)里不可或缺的一部分,已成為制造業(yè)的重要基礎(chǔ)工 藝裝備。用模具生產(chǎn)制件所達到的高精度、高復(fù)雜程度、高一致性、高生產(chǎn)率 和低耗能、低耗材,使模具工業(yè)在制造業(yè)中的地位越來越重要。 工業(yè)發(fā)展水平的不斷提高,工業(yè)產(chǎn)品更新速度加快,對模具的要求越來越 高,盡管改革開放以來,模具工業(yè)有了較大發(fā)展,但無論是數(shù)量還是質(zhì)量仍滿 足不了國內(nèi)市場的需要,因此,要使國民經(jīng)濟各個部門獲得高速發(fā)展,加速實 現(xiàn)社會主義四個現(xiàn)代化,就必須盡快將模具工業(yè)搞上去,從而充分發(fā)揮模具工 業(yè)在國民經(jīng)濟中的關(guān)鍵作用。