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摘 要
近年來，隨著塑料工業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展，塑料制品的應用領域不斷擴展，塑料加工設備已滲透到國民經(jīng)濟的各個行業(yè)，成為我國機械工業(yè)的重要組成部分，在國民經(jīng)濟中起著越來越重要的作用。其中塑料成型機械是塑料工業(yè)中的一個重要組成部分，是完成塑料制品生產成型的必要手段。而擠出成型又是塑料成型加工的重要成型方法之一。
本文是關于工業(yè)用塑料聚合物雙螺桿擠出機的設計。在工業(yè)上和實驗室中，單螺桿和雙螺桿擠出機都應用極其普遍，是塑料加工設備的重要元部件之一。作為工業(yè)中使用的雙螺桿擠出機，在設計過程中，除了要求能夠完成固體輸送、增壓、熔融、熔體輸送和泵壓等一系列通用過程以外，還要求涉及到復合塑料與聚合物顆粒之間的混合，以及物料喂料量的控制。物料喂料量的控制則是通過控制主螺桿及其輔助喂料螺桿的轉速來完成的。同時，雙螺桿擠出機具有分布混合和分散混合效果良好、自潔作用較強、可實現(xiàn)高速運轉、產量高等特點，特別適合聚合物的改性，如共混、填料、增強及反應擠出。有利于增加擠出機的擠出產量，提高塑化質量。
關鍵詞：雙螺桿擠出機；塑料；擠出原理
Abstract
In recent years, with the rapid development in the plastic industry, plastic product has been continuously enlarged in application field。The plastic machine has been used in many fields that is detached to the national economy, has become the important part, and this role is getting gradually important. while plastic-molding machinery plays a vital role in plastic industry, and it is the necessary way to accomplish the plastic-molding, whereas the injection machine is one of the most crucial methods to make the plastic-molding.
This paper is about the design of plastic polymer single-screw extruder that used in industry.The single-screw and twin-screw extruder intensively used in the fields of industry and experiment,and it is one of the important units of polymer processing equipment.As a single-screw extruder used in industry,it requires to complete a series of general process such as transportation of solid,increase of pressure,melt,transportation of melt.Besides,it refers to mix the composite plastics and polymer grain,and the control of the material feed quantity.These are the innovations in this design.On the base of the design of common single-screw extruder,i increased two auxiliary feed screws which are used to trans-portate materials of composite plastics and used it to mix kinds of plastics.The control of the quantity of material feed is done by the control of the chief screw and the speed of auxiliary feed screws.Meanwhile,i used twin wedge-shaped thread section in the design of screw thread section.This is good to increase the outcome of the extruder, and to improve the quality of plasticity comparing with common tectangular thread section.
Keyword: Twin-screw Extruder; Plastics;Extrusion principle