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變速箱蓋機(jī)械加工工藝設(shè)計(jì)及其數(shù)控加工編程
摘要
本設(shè)計(jì)研究的零件是變速箱蓋。其加工工藝的可行性、合理性、先進(jìn)性將直接影響零件的質(zhì)量、生產(chǎn)成本、使用性能和壽命。數(shù)控加工技術(shù)集傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)械制造、計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)、現(xiàn)代控制技術(shù)、傳感檢測(cè)技術(shù)、信息處理和光機(jī)電技術(shù)于一體，是現(xiàn)代機(jī)械制造技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)。數(shù)控加工技術(shù)的廣泛應(yīng)用，給機(jī)械制造業(yè)的生產(chǎn)方式和產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)帶來(lái)了巨大的變化。數(shù)控加工是用數(shù)字化信號(hào)對(duì)機(jī)床運(yùn)動(dòng)及其加工過(guò)程進(jìn)行控制的一種方法。數(shù)控加工技術(shù)包含了數(shù)控加工與編程、金屬加工工藝、CAD／CAM軟件操作等多方面知識(shí)與經(jīng)驗(yàn)，其主要任務(wù)是計(jì)算加工走刀中的刀位點(diǎn)(簡(jiǎn)稱CL點(diǎn))。隨著數(shù)控技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，數(shù)控技術(shù)的水平和普及程度已經(jīng)成為衡量一個(gè)國(guó)家綜合國(guó)力和工業(yè)現(xiàn)代化水平的重要標(biāo)志。本設(shè)計(jì)是對(duì)變速箱蓋進(jìn)行機(jī)械加工工藝設(shè)計(jì)和數(shù)控加工編程，首先是設(shè)計(jì)好加工工藝規(guī)程，選擇好刀具、主軸轉(zhuǎn)速和實(shí)際切削速度等各種因素，然后根據(jù)已經(jīng)選擇的刀具、主軸轉(zhuǎn)速和實(shí)際切削速度等在Cimatron軟件中設(shè)置相應(yīng)的參數(shù)進(jìn)行模擬加工，其具體內(nèi)容如下：
1、 通過(guò)繪制零件工程圖和三維造型圖更深一步了解零件的具體形狀；
2、 根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)零件的質(zhì)量要求和技術(shù)要求設(shè)計(jì)了零件的加工工藝規(guī)程，選擇了合理的定位基準(zhǔn)，并填寫了工序卡片上的相關(guān)內(nèi)容；
3、 設(shè)計(jì)一道工序的夾具圖，并繪制夾具主要零件圖和裝配圖；
4、 在Cimatron軟件對(duì)工件進(jìn)行了數(shù)控模擬加工，并且進(jìn)行了仿真校驗(yàn)。最后還對(duì)零件的數(shù)控加工進(jìn)行后置處理，生成了零件加工的G代碼。
關(guān)鍵詞：機(jī)械加工工藝設(shè)計(jì) 夾具設(shè)計(jì) 數(shù)控加工
Mechanical machining design of the lid of Speed change box and its numerical control processing programming Summary
The design is about the lid of Speed change box. The reasonableness, advanced components of its machining process , will directly affect the quality, production costs, the use of performance and longevity. Numerical control processing technology gets the traditional machinery manufacturing, computer technology, modern control technology, sensor testing technology, information processing and optical technology together，it is the foundation of modern machinery manufacturing technology. The widespread application of numerical control processing technology has brought about tremendous changes to production methods and product structure of the machinery manufacturing. numerical control processing is a method that uses numerical information to control the movement and processing of machine tools. numerical control processing technology incorporates numerical control processing and programming, metal machining, CAD/CAM operation sofeware, and other aspects of knowledge and experience, its main task is to calculate the tool points (short for the CL points) of the tool spaces during processing. With the rapid development of numerical control technology, its level and popularization has become an important symbol which is a measure of a country's comprehensive national strength and industrial modernization level. This design is to design mechanical machining and numerical control processing programming for the lid of Speed change box, The first is to design a machining, select cuttersand the rotational speed of main axis and the actual cutting speed, and so on, and then base on the chose cutters, the rotational speed of main axis and the actual cutting speed, and so on, install in the corresponding parameters ,simulate processing with Cimatron software, Its specific contents are as follows :
1. I further understood the concrete shape of the components by drawing engineering plat and three dimensional modeling chart of this components.
2. The machining of part has been designed according to the quality requirement and technical design component and a reasonable benchmark positioning also has been chosen , and then complete the processes of the relevant cards.
3. I designed a jig chart of a working procedure, and drew up the main detail drawing and the assembly drawing of the jig.
4. A numerical control simulation processing has been done in Cimatron software.Finally processing the numerical control processing of the part and the . G code generated.
Keywords:Mechanical machining design, Jig design, Numerical control processing