QY3060高位自卸車改裝設(shè)計,QY3060高位自卸車改裝設(shè)計,qy3060,高位,卸車,改裝,設(shè)計 黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計 附 錄 附錄A外文文獻(xiàn)原文 Dump structure, principle and introduce the fuel tank Mainly by the hydraulic dump truck dump bodies, cars, and its annexes constitute the frame. Hydraulic dump them inside the structure of institutions and manufacturers in various different modifications, the following compartments and the lifting mechanism in accordance with the pattern of the two aspects of the structure of that dump truck. 1、compartment type Node compartments by use of different body types can be broadly divided into: general rectangular bucket compartment and inside mine Ordinary rectangular compartments for the carriage of goods in bulk. Plate with subsequent automatic opening and closing of institutions, to ensure smooth unloading of goods. Ordinary rectangular compartment thickness as follows: pre-board 4 to 6mm, side panels 4 to 8mm, after the board 5 to 8mm, floor 6to 12mm. Inside bucket mining is applicable to a larger particle size, such as large stones of goods in transit. Taking into account the impact of goods and touch buildings, mining bucket inside the design of more complex shape, with thicker material. Models and some welding in the floor on a number of angles in order to increase stiffness and impact-car capacity. 2、lifting body type Dump truck lifting mechanism is the core of the primary advantages and disadvantages of discriminant indicators truck. Type lifting mechanism common current: F-type lifting mechanism to enlarge tripod, T-style tripod lifting mechanism to enlarge, double lift, the former top-lift and double rollover. Enlarge tripod-type lifting mechanism is currently the most frequently used means of a lift for 8-40 tons dead weight, train length from 4.4 to 6 meters. Advantage of the structure of mature, stable lifting and cheap; disadvantages inside the frame on the main floor of the closed height of the larger plane. Most forms of double lift truck in 6X4, it is in the second on both sides of the bridge in front of more than one level of the tank is installed (usually 3-4), the hydraulic cylinder on the fulcrum of a direct role in the compartment floor. Double advantage of lifting the main floor for the inside frame of theclosing high on a smaller plane; the shortcomings of the hydraulic system is very difficult to ensure synchronization of two hydraulic cylinders, give less smooth Health on the inside bottom of the overall stiffness higher. Lift the top way before the simple structure, inside the frame on the main floor of the closed high plane can be very small, vehicle stability, the smaller the hydraulic system pressure, but the first trip at the most larger-cylinder class, the high cost . Double-sided cylinder roll force is better, less travel to achieve double-rollover; but more complex hydraulic piping, Health cited a higher rate of roll-over accident. Dump it works: Take a manual jack is the principle of its work, Jack is the most simple of the fuel tank. Pseudosasa pressurized by manually (manual hydraulic pump) to enable the hydraulic fluid through a valve into the fuel tank of the individual, when the hydraulic oil into the fuel tank because of the reasons for individual valve can not be returned back and forced the cylinder rod upward, and then work to continue to keep the hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinder, it is so constantly on the rise, when we want to lower the hydraulic valve to open so that hydraulic oil back to tank. This is the most simple working principle, all other improvements on this basis. Dump material tank: fuel tank truck raw materials are generally seamless steel tubes, material for the Si-Mn. Dump truck with the fuel tank of the limits of the piston pressure is 16 MPa, the fuel tank of the scope of the trip ranges from 3830-8000. Billion as a professional production company pre-tank truck manufacturers, dump truck produced by the fuel tank with all the characteristics of the fuel tank. Dump truck and use the performance of the fuel tank: the fuel tank of the main straight for the top pre-dump truck lifting mechanism, the use of advanced processing technology, high-quality steel, import-type seals in general, reasonable structure, reliable performance, with the installation and maintenance convenience, lifting large tonnage, long life and so on. 附錄B外文文獻(xiàn)中文翻譯 自卸車結(jié)構(gòu)原理與油缸介紹 自卸車主要由液壓傾卸機(jī)構(gòu)、車廂、車架及其附件構(gòu)成。其中液壓傾卸機(jī)構(gòu)和車廂結(jié)構(gòu)各個改裝廠家不盡相同，以下按車廂和舉升機(jī)構(gòu)的型式兩個方面說明自卸車的結(jié)構(gòu)。 1、車廂型式 車廂結(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)型式按用途不同大概可分為：普通矩形車廂和礦用鏟斗車廂普通矩形車廂用于散裝貨物運(yùn)輸。其后板裝有自動開合機(jī)構(gòu)，保證貨物順利卸出。普通矩形車廂板厚為：前板4到6mm，邊板4到8mm，后板5到8mm，底板6到12mm。 礦用鏟斗車廂則適用于大石塊等粒度較大貨物的運(yùn)輸。考慮到貨物的沖擊和碰幢，礦用鏟斗車廂的設(shè)計形狀較復(fù)雜，用料較厚。而且有些車型在底板上焊接一些角鋼，以增加車廂的剛度和抗沖擊能力。 2、舉升機(jī)構(gòu)型式 舉升機(jī)構(gòu)是自卸車的核心，是判別自卸車優(yōu)劣的首要指標(biāo)。舉升機(jī)構(gòu)的型式目前國內(nèi)常見的有：F式三角架放大舉升機(jī)構(gòu)、T式三角架放大舉升機(jī)構(gòu)、雙缸舉升、前頂舉升和雙面?zhèn)确? 三角架放大式舉升機(jī)構(gòu)是目前國內(nèi)使用最多的一種舉升方式，適用載重量8到40噸，車廂長度4.4到6米。優(yōu)點為結(jié)構(gòu)成熟、舉升平穩(wěn)、造價低；缺點為車廂底板與主車架上平面的閉合高度較大。 雙缸舉升形式大多用在6X4自卸車上，是在第二橋前方兩側(cè)各安裝一支多級缸（一般為3到4級），液壓缸上支點直接作用在車廂底板上。雙缸舉升的優(yōu)點為車廂底板與主車架上平面的閉合高度較小；缺點是液壓系統(tǒng)很難保證兩液壓缸同步，舉生平穩(wěn)性較差，對車廂底板的整體剛度要求較高。 前頂舉升方式結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、車廂底板與主車架上平面的閉合高度可以很小，整車穩(wěn)定性好，液壓系統(tǒng)壓力較小，但前頂多級缸行程較大，造價很高。 雙面?zhèn)确簤焊资芰^好，行程較小，可實現(xiàn)雙面?zhèn)确?；但液壓管路較復(fù)雜，舉生翻車事故發(fā)生率較高。 　　自卸車工作原理：拿一個手動千斤頂來說它的工作原理，千斤頂是個最簡單的油缸了。通過手動增壓稈(液壓手動泵)使液壓油經(jīng)過一個單項閥進(jìn)入油缸，這時進(jìn)入油缸的液壓油因為單項閥的原因不能再倒退回來，逼迫缸桿向上，然后在做工繼續(xù)使液壓油不斷進(jìn)入液壓缸，就這樣不斷上上升，要降的時候就打開液壓閥，使液壓油回到油箱。這是最簡單的工作原理，其它的都在這個基礎(chǔ)上改進(jìn)。 自卸車油缸的材質(zhì)：自卸車油缸原材料是一般的無縫鋼管，材質(zhì)為硅錳。自卸車油缸的活塞帶極限的壓力是16兆帕，油缸的行程范圍從3830到8000不等。億力公司作為專業(yè)生產(chǎn)自卸車前置油缸的生產(chǎn)廠家，所產(chǎn)自卸車油缸具備油缸的一切特性。 自卸車油缸的性能及用途：油缸主要用于自卸車前置直頂舉升機(jī)構(gòu)，采用先進(jìn)加工工藝，選用優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼材，一般式進(jìn)口密封件、結(jié)構(gòu)合理、性能可靠，具有安裝維護(hù)方便，舉升噸位大、使用壽命長等特點。 5