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1、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 （2） 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)一. 不定時(shí)作定語(yǔ) 1. 作定語(yǔ)的不定式如果是不及物動(dòng)詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)，工具等，不定時(shí)后面需有相應(yīng)的介詞。 The Browns have a comfortable house to live in. 不定式所修飾的名詞如果是time/place/way時(shí)，不定式后面的介詞通常省去。 He had no money and place to live ( in ). 2.不定時(shí)作定語(yǔ)的幾種情況（ 1 ）不定式表將來(lái)The car to be bought is for his sister.( 2 )用來(lái)修飾被序數(shù)詞，最高

2、級(jí)或no/all/any等限定的中心詞為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系。 He was the best man to do the job. She was the first woman to win the gold medal n the Olympic Games. ( 3 )有些名詞的同根詞常跟不定式，因而他們也常跟不定式作定語(yǔ)。常見的有promise/plan/attempt/offer/decision/refusal Failure/ability/chance/warning/anxiety/eagerness/willingness/readiness等 I dont trust hi

3、s promise to come for a visit. ( 比較 He promised to come for a visit.) He said he had no plans to go there. ( 比較 He didnt plan to go there.) Birds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds to stay away. ( 比較 Birds warn other birds to stay away.) He made an attempt to stand up. ( 比較 He attempted t

4、o stand up. ) 題組訓(xùn)練 單項(xiàng)填空 The ability _ an idea is as important as The idea itself. A. expressing B. expressed C. to express D . to be expressed With the world changing fast , we have something new_ with all by ourselves Every day. A . deal B . Dealt C .to deal D . dealingC C 3.不定式的主動(dòng)形式和被動(dòng)形式 ( 1 ）不定時(shí)修

5、飾的名詞或代詞和不定式在邏輯上構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式往往用主動(dòng)形式。 Do you have a knife to cut the watermelon? ( The knife cut the watermelon.) ( 2 ) 不定時(shí)和他前面被修飾的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，有何該句主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式常用主動(dòng)形式。 She has a sister to look after. ( She looks after her sister.) ( 3 ) There be 句型中，當(dāng)說(shuō)話人考慮的是必須由人去完成某件實(shí)時(shí)，不定式用主動(dòng)形式；如果說(shuō)話人強(qiáng)調(diào)的是事情本身必須被

6、完成，則用被動(dòng)形式。 There is a lot of work to do. ( Some one has to do the work.) There is a lot of work to be done. ( The work has to be done .) 二.分詞作定語(yǔ) 1. 作定語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞的分詞形式為：v-ing Bing+ 過(guò)去分詞、過(guò)去分詞。當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與動(dòng)詞為主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用v-ing ; 當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與動(dòng)詞為被動(dòng)關(guān)系且表正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，用bing + 過(guò)去分詞；當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與動(dòng)詞為被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用過(guò)去分詞。 The houses being built are fo

7、r the teachers .（ 被動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行 ） “Things lost never come again .”I couldnt help talking to myself. （ 被動(dòng)，完成 ） I have never seen a more moving movie. ( 主動(dòng)，表特征 ） 2. 作定語(yǔ)的不及物動(dòng)詞的分詞形式為v-ing和過(guò)去分詞。V-ing可以表示正在進(jìn)行，也可以表示特征；過(guò)去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成或狀態(tài)。 boiling water 正在沸騰的水 （表正在進(jìn)行） boiled water 白開水 （表完成） a good looking flower一朵好看的花（

8、表特征） falling leaves正在落下的樹葉（正在進(jìn)行） fallen leaves已經(jīng)落下的葉子（表完成） developing countries發(fā)展中國(guó)家（正在進(jìn)行） developed countries發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家（表完成） 3.英語(yǔ)中有些表示感覺的動(dòng)詞，其現(xiàn)在分詞形式表示“令人感到的”，過(guò)去分詞形式表示“感到的” an exciting voice一個(gè)令人興奮的聲音 an excited voice一個(gè)興奮的聲音 a puzzling expression一個(gè)令人困惑的表情 a puzzled expression一個(gè)困惑的表情題型訓(xùn)練 單項(xiàng)填空 The traffic rul

9、e says young children under the age of four and _ less than forty pounds must be in a child seat. A. being weighted B .to weigh C .weighted D .weighing Recently a survey _prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. A. compared B. comparing C .compa

10、re D .being comparedD B 三.to be done /done和being done作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。 to be dong 表被動(dòng)將來(lái) done 表被動(dòng) being done表被動(dòng)進(jìn)行 Have you read the novel written by Dickens? (表被動(dòng)完成） Listen! The song being sung is very popular with the students.(表被動(dòng)正在進(jìn)行） The question to be discussed at tomorrows meeting is a very important one

11、 .(表被動(dòng)將來(lái)）題組訓(xùn)練 單項(xiàng)填空 The players _from the whole country Are expected to bring us honor in this game. A .selecting B .to select C .selected D .having selected His first book _ next month is based on a true story. A. published B .to be published C .to publish D .being publishedCB 四.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)與動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，所修飾的名詞是現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)表示的是被修飾名詞的作用，用途等所修飾的名詞不是動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)。 a moving truck 正在移動(dòng)的卡車 a sleeping bag 一個(gè)睡袋 a walking stick 一根拐杖