喜歡就充值下載吧。。資源目錄里展示的文件全都有，，請放心下載，，有疑問咨詢QQ:1064457796或者1304139763 ==================== 喜歡就充值下載吧。。資源目錄里展示的文件全都有，，請放心下載，，有疑問咨詢QQ:1064457796或者1304139763 ==================== 外文文獻原文： Drive axle is one of the important bearing automobile assembly, the property can directly affect the vehicle performance and service life. Driving bridge like a bridge shell, the main reducer, differential and half shell and other components, turn to drive the bridge also includes a variety of constant velocity coupling,The structure is more complex.The traditional design is based on the production experience as the foundation, using mechanical, number and the regression formula, formation of charts, manuals for the modern design is the traditional design of deep, rich and the development, rather than the new design independent from the traditional design. The computer technology as the core the heart, in order to design theory as the guide, is a main character of modern design. Using this method to guide the design can reduce the blindness of design and experience arbitrariness, improve the initiative, scientific and accurate design.Similarly, research on the driving axle should not only stay in the traditional design .Method, but with the aid of the modern design method to refine on. This the research on driving modern design method of bridge to do more deep.In the study, the various design methods with each other, according to different design content separately using different method, in order to promote its design.History tends to be more reasonable and scientific 1CAD/CAE Technology CAD is the use of computer system in the engineering and product design.Each stage provides a variety of fast, effective tools and designers.Means, to accelerate the optimization and design process and design results,in order to achieve the best design technology. The application of CAD technology in mechanical products design meter, which can not only shorten the design cycle, but also can improve the precision of the design and reliability, so as to realize the optimization and automation of the design process.The development of an open, integrated and intelligent trend.At present, the 3D CAD modeling software commonly used with Pro/E, UG,MDT, Solid Works, Auto CAD etc.. Pro/E is a kind of CAD/CAE/CAM software system integration, with a strong practical body shape and surface modeling function, can be constructed very complex models. The resulting model can form assembly, and can generate the model zero Mold. Whether the part model, assembly model or die type, can be transformed into the two-dimensional engineering drawings. It uses a single database,The corresponding data can automatically modify the stage at any stage.Finite element technology in CAE is a mathematical calculation, calculation of the force Science and Engineering Science, born in the most effective calculation method. Form the enriched finite element method, a theoretical basis for improving, and have a general finite element program, the use of these software can solve large scale science and engineering computation problem of numerous,finite element calculation The fruit has become the design and performance analysis of all kinds of industrial products reliable basis. According to. Many finite element analysis program of the finite element analysis, computer graphics study and optimization technology together, form a computer aided complete analysis of the system, can significantly improve the performance of product design, shorten the design cycle Period, enhance the competitiveness of products.In many finite element analysis software, ANSYS is the most general One of the effective software, it has enriched and improved cell library,material model base and solver, ensure efficient solving the structural static force, force, vibration, linear and nonlinear problems and thermal analysis and structure coupling problem, the advanced analysis techniques can be parameterized The design, optimization and topology optimization. CAD/CAE technology is big in the research and design of driving axle play. For new products, using CAD to create the drive axle of each element The entity model, the model is calculated by CAE, test Its performance meets the requirements. If you don't meet the requirements can modify the model type, until satisfied. Finally the model into the engineering diagram, can manufacturing products. If the CAD/CAE and CAM or rapid prototyping technology combined, can significantly shorten the production from design to manufacturing product cycle, parts library can also generate existing parts, in order to facilitate the similar or the design of series of drive axle. Of course, the strength and the existing parts Failure analysis and improvement are also often used this method In the analysis of a mini car special damage reason of drive axle housing, Reference [1] by using the CAD/CAE method. We use the 3-D CAD modeling software De as to build the bridge shell model, then there is The finite element method to calculate, found that local stress concentration occurs, the regional and regional anastomosis failure. Using different ways to fix the model Instead, the modified model and calculate the stress distribution, find a good change good plan. Improved drive axle used in good condition. Reference [2] CAD/CAE technology and C language combination, using C language in the "class" of the system control module and the function module elements and package member function, the optimal range of drive axle product data model, to maximize the use of existing design resources. 2Reliability Engineering Reliability engineering is based on probability and stochastic distribution,research structure in the requirements and within the time specified, complete function probability. Research on stochastic phenomenon long-standing, but in its work The application process is not accompanied by. The traditional design that the material Body performance (strength, toughness and hardness) and the stress is a constant, in order to guide product conservative. Considering the randomness and reliability is introduced in the design, to reflect the objective reality, Thus the design of products is also more scientific, reasonable. Now, some developed Some parts of the country of design and manufacture, the life can be accurate to hours, If there is no reliability calculation, is unthinkable.The calculation method of reliability of mechanical structure commonly used is a two order moments method. The state function (strength and stress difference on the mean point)Expansion in Taylor series, ignoring the more than two times, we can get the reliability Index. The method assumes that all variables are normal independent of each other random variable, linear and only from the series, so with the actual deviation is Big. Therefore, people also improved the method, get the design checking point method, equivalent normal distribution method and the Lagrange multiplier method [3]. In recent years With the development of fuzzy mathematics, and finite element method, the fuzzy A new method of reliability based design and finite element reliability calculation, The calculation of the reliability is also a semi empirical and semi probabilistic method, approximate probability Method to the development of the full probability method is more accurate.In order to make the performance of drive axle is more excellent, more in line with people's life The requirements, including the design of half axle to axle, gear must be reliable Degree of consideration. In the reference [4], in order to achieve a reliable The drive axle housing of inner diameter, the late Bias statistical expectation Methods were summarized, the drive axle based on Bayesian statistics Reliability design of shell, and verified by examples. The results show that This method overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional method conservation, make the design more reasonable.Reference [5] introduces a reliability design in driving axle main reducer In the design, the main reducer single-stage Wheeled Construction Machinery The reliability optimization mathematical model and example analysis, the method To reduce the driving bridge size, save and improve the carrying capacity and the use of materials The conclusion has great practical significance of life. 3Modal analysis Modal analysis is a structural study of the vibration analysis One of the modern methods and means of advanced. It can be defined as the structure Analysis of the dynamic characteristics of the (finite element analysis) and experimental analysis (real Experimental modal analysis, the structural dynamic characteristics) using modal parameters to characterize the. In mathematics, the modal parameters are the differential equations of motion for mechanical systems The eigenvalues and eigenvectors; while in the experimental aspect, is measured Pole (natural frequency and damping) and the mode (modal vector). Modal analysis of characteristics and advantages of technology in power system Analysis, modal coordinates instead of physics coordinate, thereby greatly The number of degrees of freedom compression system analysis, analysis of high precision. For A large and complex system, such as cars, the sub structure analysis Method. It is the large structure complex for all sub structure, respectively Analysis of the finite element analysis and experimental modal substructure,get sub The dynamic model and the characteristic parameters of the structure, the sub structure according to the Methods to analyze integrated into a whole, is an effective reduction of self By the method of. Vibration characteristics of driving axle affects not only its own strong Degree, but also on the vehicle's ride comfort is important Influence. Therefore, drive on the bridge for the modal analysis, control and improve the Vibration characteristics, is one of the most important aspects in the design of. Reference [6] found a car through the modal analysis method Damage reason of drive axle. The car used in the central area of the drive axle housing Domain often cracks, calculations show that the bridge shell static stress distribution static strength Reasonable, destroy the static stress is small. Modal analysis of bridge shell Nine frequencies in the frequency range of the road spectrum, road surface spectrum excitation It is easy to cause resonance in the vertical direction. Forced vibration further divided The analysis results show, wherein certain parts of stress strength of materials is more than Limit, dynamic characteristics, dynamic strength is not good enough is generated to drive the bridge damage The fundamental reason. It not only shows the modal analysis method in the study of driving bridge With the application and design, but also the necessary. Because The traditional design and analysis method is not enough to solve the key components of a vehicle moving The strength state bearing. 4Modern optimization algorithms Modern optimization algorithms including neural network, ta bu search algorithm, die simulated annealing algorithm, genetic algorithm and Lagrange relaxation algorithm. This Some algorithms involved in biological evolution, artificial intelligence,mathematics and physics, God The system and statistical mechanics concepts, is a visual based the algorithm, called heuristic algorithm. The heuristic algorithm A close relationship with the formation of the theory of computational complexity. When people do not Satisfied with the conventional algorithm for solving complex problems,modern optimization algorithms began to reflect its role. Simulated annealing algorithm local search algorithm is extended, it is a global optimization algorithm, which can be applied to combinatorial optimization problems. Genetic algorithm is a random global search algorithm, the search automatic acquisition and accumulation of knowledge of space cable in the process, and the adaptive We should control the search process, so as to obtain the optimal or suboptimal solution. By in the genetic algorithm has the compatibility, it can be in accordance with the genetic algorithm and model The advantages of simulated annealing algorithm respectively, the combined tectonic genetic model Simulated annealing algorithm, multi objective of discrete and continuous design variables optimization design. In addition, the fuzzy mathematics and optimization is a combination of fuzzy optimization The algorithm, combined with the reliability engineering and Optimization Based on the reliability of the optimization algorithm. Can be expected, with the development of science and technology, the inevitable There will be new optimization algorithms, more advanced various. The design of the optimization algorithm is introduced and the components of the drive axle, can reduce component size, material saving, optimal transmission structure,optimization of transmission part parameters, make the design more scientific, reasonable. Reference [7]and [8] respectively with neural network, genetic algorithm for straight tooth and bevel gear transmission dynamic optimization, the objective function is the minimum volume of gear pair, reach satisfactory results. This shows that the driven application optimization algorithm Bridge structure of transmission parts size optimization design is feasible,efficient.