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1、公共英語等級考試 pets4 級閱讀模擬試題 Part D Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET. 56) Fathers exposed to poisonous substances are probably just as likely to be the cause of defects in their unborn in

2、fants as mothers. Yet it is women who are told to stop drinking and smoking and to look after their health when they are pregnant. And it is women who find that they are banned from jobs where they are exposed to harmful chemicals or radiation.57) Despite a growing body of scientific evidence that a

3、 man s exposure to damaging substances can. affect his offspring, pregnant womenare still charged with the responsibility of keeping their infants healthy, said Gladys Friedler, of the Boston university School of Medicine. "This is puzzling", she said. "Most of the workforce is still male, so why do

4、 we still spend so much time looking at women? The health of men as well as women should be of concern. " In the US,2,500,000 children are born with birth defects each year. In 60 percent of cases the origin of the defect is not known.58) These figures do not include less obvious problems that appe

5、ar later in development, such as biochemical malfunctions and behavioral problems. Many researchers still seem reluctant to contemplate that a man s environment can influence the health of children. "If the effects had not been so obvious, we might still be reluctant to acknowledge the effect of en

6、vironmental agents on women. " Despite this, there is a reluctance to accept the accumulated evidence of men s effects on development, she said.59) Some companies have already taken steps to "protect the unborn child" by excluding womenfrom jobs where they teps to "protect the unborn child" by exclu

7、ding women from jobs where they might be exposed to dangerous substances. This has led to some bitter disputes between the womenand their employers in the US. The most famous case, now before the Supreme Court, pits a group of women and their union against Johnson Controls, a company which makes ba

8、tteries.60) The company transferred women from higher-paying jobs where they were exposed to lead on the grounds that it had to protect unborn children. The irony is that children born to men working in the factory are probably just as much at risk. Part D 56. 【譯文】 和母親一樣， 父親如果接觸了有毒物質(zhì)， 同樣可能造成未出生 嬰

9、 兒的先天缺陷。 【解題要點(diǎn)】句子結(jié)構(gòu)是簡單句， exposcd to poisonous substances 是分 詞短語，做 fathers 的后置定語，翻譯時應(yīng)譯成主動動賓結(jié)構(gòu)，“父親接 觸有 毒物質(zhì)”。 57. 【譯文】波士頓大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院的格拉迪絲?弗里德說，盡管有越來越多的 科學(xué)證據(jù)表明男人接觸有害物質(zhì)會影響他的后代，但孕婦仍承擔(dān) 著維護(hù)未出生 的嬰兒健康的責(zé)任。 【解題要點(diǎn)】 句子結(jié)構(gòu)是主從復(fù)合句， despite 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句， 譯成 “盡 管 , ” ， 這一從句中套了個 that 引導(dǎo)的 evidence 的同位語從句。 be charged with 意為“

10、對 , 負(fù)責(zé)”。 58. 【譯文】這些數(shù)字不包括在后來的發(fā)育中才出現(xiàn)的不那么明顯的問題， 如生化機(jī)能障礙和行為問題。 【解題要點(diǎn)】句子結(jié)構(gòu)是主從復(fù)合句，以 that 為界，前半句為主句，后半 句為定語從句。 such as 是用來列舉前面所提到的問題。整個句子 采取直譯即 可。 59. 【譯文】有些公司已采取措施不讓婦女從事可能接觸危險物質(zhì)的工作， 以便“保護(hù)未出生的孩子” 【解題要點(diǎn)】句子結(jié)構(gòu)是主從復(fù)合句。從 some companies 到 jobs 是主旬， to protect the unborn child 是目的狀語，解釋為什么要采取措施。 by excludin9，是介詞短語，說明“如何來保護(hù)"。 where后引導(dǎo)說明job的定語 從句，即“什么樣的工作崗位”。 60. 【譯文】 這家公司將婦女調(diào)離易受鉛毒的高薪工作崗位， 理由是公司 必 須保護(hù)未出生的孩子。 【解題要點(diǎn)】句子結(jié)構(gòu)是主從復(fù)合旬。where引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，說明job, 主旬謂語是 transfer ， transfer sb.from 意為“把某人調(diào)離”。 0n the grounds 是固定詞組，意為“根據(jù) , ”。這個句子應(yīng)采用順序翻譯 方法，只要把 where 引導(dǎo)的定語從句提前到所修飾的詞前，作為定 語，合譯就行了。