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1、 學(xué)案：Language points of Module3 Unit 1 The world of our senses Part I Welcome to the unit Part II Reading 1. When Polly left home that morning, the city was already covered in a grey mist. 波莉離開(kāi)家的那天早晨，這座城市已籠罩在灰白色的霧氣中。 cover vt 遮蓋，掩蓋；占地(面積)；走過(guò)，行走(路程)；讀完；采訪；(錢(qián))夠用；包括，涵蓋 She covered her face w

2、ith her hands. 她以手掩面。 拓展：be covered with 由……所覆蓋 cover up 掩飾，隱匿 under (the) cover of 在......掩護(hù)下；以......為借口 from cover to cover 從頭至尾 under the same cover 在同一封信或同一郵包中 2.step out into the fog =walk faster into the fog 加快腳步進(jìn)入濃霧中 3. wonder vt. (1) 對(duì) …感到疑惑，想要知道+ 疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的

3、句子或不定式 (2) 禮貌地提問(wèn)或請(qǐng)人做事時(shí)說(shuō) I wonder if… vi 對(duì)…感到驚訝 （at/ about） n. (It’s ) no wonder (that)... 難怪…… I wonder what we will do next = I wonder what to do next. 我不知道下一步該做什么。 No wonder you’re that/so tired, you’ve been walking for hours. 難怪你那么累，你一直走了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。 4. Once out in the street, she wal

4、ked quickly towards her usual bus stop. 一出來(lái)到大街上，她就很快地朝她平常等的汽車(chē)站走去。 Once out in the street 相當(dāng)于 Once she was out in the street 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。在從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，從句可省略主語(yǔ)。例如： Once published (publish), this dictionary will be very popular. Once seen (see), it will never be forgotten. Once seeing(see) Jim, I

5、will inform him of the news. Words of similar use: if; when; while; unless etc. When brushing(brush) your teeth , don’t leave water running all the time. If brushed (brush) three times a day, teeth can remain healthy. First aid, if properly done (do), can save a person’s life. I won’

6、t go to the party unless (I am) invited(invite). 5. The truth is that it is too foggy for the bus to run that far.=The truth is that the fog is so thick that the bus can’t run so far. 事實(shí)上是霧太濃了，車(chē)不能開(kāi)那么遠(yuǎn)。 句中第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的是表語(yǔ)從句。例如： The reason he did not come is that he was ill. 他沒(méi)來(lái)的原因是他病了。 第二個(gè)tha

7、t (或this) 在此處等于so，意思是“那么”（或“這么”），修飾形容詞或副詞。例如： Can hard work change a person that much? 艱辛?xí)谷俗兓敲创髥? You see, a fog this bad is rare.(Page3 Line53) 你聽(tīng)我說(shuō)，這么糟糕的霧很少見(jiàn)。 6. As Polly observed the passengers on the train, she had a feeling that she was being watched by a tall man in a d

8、ark overcoat. Line14-15 observe: vt. 觀察 observe sth./sb.; observe that The teacher ________ _____ ______ _______ ____ _______老師發(fā)現(xiàn)一些學(xué)生睡著了。 observe (see, watch, notice) sb. do sth. 觀察某人做某事（強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程，動(dòng)作的結(jié)果） sb. doing sth. 觀察某人做某事 （強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行） observer: n. 觀察者 obse

9、rvation: n. 觀察，觀察力 in a dark coat表示“穿著黑色外套”?！癷n+服飾或顏色”可以表示人的穿戴。 The man in a uniform is a detective. ___________________________。 Do you know _______ _______ _______ _____? 你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)穿紅衣服的女孩嗎? 7. While the rest of the passengers were getting out, she glanced at the faces around her. a. The d

10、octor prescribed some pills and told her to get/have a weeks rest. n. 休息 b. Parents rest their hope on their children. Vt 依靠；寄托 c. Well eat some of the bread and keep the rest for breakfast. n.剩余的人，物 再：The rest of his life was spent in prison. 他的余生在獄中度過(guò)。 The rest of the books are on the shelf.

11、剩余的那些書(shū)在架子上。 the rest 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由of 后的名詞(單、復(fù)數(shù))決定 glance: vi. glance at 看一眼，瞥一眼 The man glanced nervously at his watch. 男子緊張地瞥了一眼他的手表。 【辨析】glance at 很快地看一眼，瞥一眼 glare at 怒視 stare at 凝視，盯著看 n. give/take/have a glance at (朝……)一瞥 8. The tall man was nowhere to be s

12、een. 哪兒也看不到這個(gè)高個(gè)子男人了。 to be seen是動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式，在此作定語(yǔ)。通常不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，且動(dòng)作的施動(dòng)者不明確時(shí)，不定式要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如： The meeting to be held is of great importance. 明天要開(kāi)的會(huì)很重要。 These are the books to be distributed among the students. 這些是要發(fā)給學(xué)生的書(shū)。 nowhere無(wú)處；任何地方都不。例如： The missing wallet is nowhere to be found. 丟失的錢(qián)包任何

13、地方都找不著。 Nowhere else could we find the missing wallet. 我們?nèi)魏纹渌胤蕉颊也坏絹G失的錢(qián)包。 9. L21—22 As she walked along the narrow street, she heard the sound of footsteps approaching, … L 23 Suddenly Polly felt a rough hand brush her cheek, and… L 25 She could feel her heart beating with fear. L32

14、 Polly found herself staring up at the face of an old man with a beard. ◆ 上述四個(gè)句子中劃線部分的結(jié)構(gòu)都為：動(dòng)詞 + ________ + ___________，分別由現(xiàn)在分詞 (如approaching，beating，staring ) 或者_(dá)________(如brush) 充當(dāng)_________。 ( 你能說(shuō)它們之間的區(qū)別嗎？) 10. Polly set off towards Park Street. 波莉向花園街走去。Line20-21 set off 動(dòng)身，出發(fā)(常與for連用)；引

15、爆，使爆炸；引起，激發(fā) Panic on the stock market set off a wave of selling. 股票市場(chǎng)上人心惶惶，掀起了拋售浪潮。 set about doing sth．開(kāi)始／著手做某事 set an example to 為......樹(shù)立榜樣 set out to do sth．開(kāi)始做某事 set aside 存儲(chǔ)，留出 set up 建立，成立 set foot on 踏上，涉足 set fire to 點(diǎn)燃，點(diǎn)火 11. …but by the time she reac

16、hed the corner of the street, the footsteps were gone. By the time they get here, well ____ have finished _____ (finish) the work. By the time l got to the station，the train __ had ___ already ____ gone ___(go). By the time I finished eating, he ____ was ___already ___ asleep ____(asleep). 小結(jié)：①

17、by the time + 一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之前。 ②by the time + 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)從句，主句用將采完成時(shí)，表示主句動(dòng)作將先發(fā)生。 ③當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)有表狀態(tài)的be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主句通常不用完成時(shí)態(tài)。 拓展：表示時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)可作為連詞用的還有：every time，the instant，the moment，the day，the year，next time，the first (second，third...)time等以及副詞immediately，instantly，directly等。 12．她能感到由于害怕自己的心在砰砰亂跳。She

18、 could feel her heart beating with fear. with表示原因 如：冷得發(fā)抖shake with cold beat v. 跳動(dòng)；擊打；拍打；打敗 n.心跳節(jié)拍 過(guò)去式beat，過(guò)去分詞 beaten He’s still alive—I can feel his heart beating（心跳）. Occasionally the master beat the desk (敲著桌子) with his heavy ruler as he cried,“Silence, please silence!” He beat m

19、e (贏了我)at chess. beat down 打倒 beat off 擊退，打退 beat sb. to death 打死…… 13. A minute before, she had wished for someone to come along. Now she wanted to run, but fear held her still. 剛才她還盼望著能有人朝她這里走來(lái)?，F(xiàn)在她想到的是跑掉，但是因?yàn)榭謶?，她一?dòng)也不能動(dòng)。 和a minute before連用的時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去完成時(shí), 如果是a minute ago則和一般過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)連用 wish for

20、 意思是盼望/期盼 It’s no use wishing for the impossible (期望不可能的事). hold vt. 使保持特定位置或狀況 Hold your head up ( 抬起你的頭來(lái)) for three minutes; it will help you relax. The man held the door open (讓門(mén)敞開(kāi)) as he noticed an old woman came up behind him. still (1)adj. 靜止的，不動(dòng)的 Keep still while I fa

21、sten your shoe. 當(dāng)我替你系鞋帶時(shí)，你不要?jiǎng)印? The sea was calm and still. 海上風(fēng)平浪靜。 (2)adj. 寂靜的，無(wú)聲的 The room was still at the end of the speech. 演講結(jié)束時(shí)，室內(nèi)一片寂靜。 [辨析]still, calm，quiet, 與silent still 靜止的，不動(dòng)的，指沒(méi)有運(yùn)動(dòng)或動(dòng)作的狀態(tài)；calm 平靜的，沉著的，指無(wú)風(fēng)浪或人的心情不激動(dòng)； quiet 寧?kù)o的，安靜的，指沒(méi)有聲音，不吵鬧或心里沒(méi)有煩惱＼焦慮；silent 寂靜的，沉默的，不發(fā)音的，指沒(méi)有聲音或不講話。

22、Tell the children to keep calm. 告訴孩子們沉著些。(指不慌張，冷靜) She kept silent about the matter. 她對(duì)這件事保持沉默。(指什么也不說(shuō)) Ask the boys to keep quiet. 讓孩子們保持安靜。(指不要吵鬧) The officer asked the Swedish to keep still. 軍官讓那個(gè)瑞典人別動(dòng)。(指不移動(dòng)也不出聲) 14. watch out (for)(1)密切注意，留意留心 Watch out for a chance to improve your posit

23、ion in the company, they dont come very often. 要注意抓住提高你在公司地位的機(jī)會(huì)，這樣的機(jī)會(huì)不多。 Im always watching out for mistakes that I may have missed before. 我總是警惕著過(guò)去可能沒(méi)注意到的錯(cuò)誤。 (2) Watch out ! Theres a danger ahead. 小心!前面有危險(xiǎn)。 watch out (for) look out (for) Cf. look out of take care (of) be careful of

24、 15.It gives me the chance to pay back the help that people give me when it’s sunny. 這給了我一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，我可以回報(bào)在晴天里人們所給與我的幫助了。 配對(duì)下列詞義pay for 付清；繳清 pay in 回報(bào) pay off 負(fù)擔(dān)／支付……的費(fèi)用,為……付出代價(jià) pay sb．out 存款 pay up 償還，還清 pay back 報(bào)復(fù)某人 How can I pay you back for all your kindness?

25、 My husband cheated me but I’ll find some way to pay him back. After 10 years of hard work, the couple eventually pay off the debts. How much should I ___ pay __ you ___ for ___ the broken glasses? You will ________ pay for _______ your carelessness. pay for 負(fù)擔(dān)／支付……的費(fèi)用 pay in 存款 pay off

26、償還，還清 pay sb．out 報(bào)復(fù)某人 pay up 付清；繳清 pay back 回報(bào) 16. A blind person_ like me can’t get across the road without help, except __ in a fog like this. 像我這樣的瞎子沒(méi)人幫助是沒(méi)有辦法過(guò)街，除非是在這樣的大霧里。 翻譯下列句子中的get across The explanation did not get across to the class. 被……理解 He didn’t get his explanation

27、 across to the class. 把……講清楚 except 意思是 除了 ，可以用在名詞、代詞、介詞、不定式和句子前。 I usually go to work by bike, except that it snows / except on snowy days (除了下雪天). We have nothing to do except glance at each other from time to time (除了偶爾對(duì)看一眼).  附件1：律師事務(wù)所反盜版維權(quán)聲明 附件2：獨(dú)家資源交換簽約學(xué)校名錄（放大查看） 學(xué)校名錄參見(jiàn)：