DZ214單片機控制制冷機來達到控制溫度,DZ214,單片機,控制,制冷機,達到,溫度 長春工業(yè)大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文 摘要 制冷機是我國目前各行業(yè)技術(shù)改造和進行設(shè)備引進所急需的配套設(shè)備，也是提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，企業(yè)升級的重要設(shè)備。而傳統(tǒng)的測控方法由于從測量到顯示采用模擬方式，數(shù)據(jù)采集速度慢，不具備實時性，抗干擾能力差。測量精度完全依賴與硬件特性。自單片機問世以來，與其相關(guān)的測控儀器也應(yīng)運而生，尤其是數(shù)字測試技術(shù)于單片機的結(jié)合。單片機技術(shù)更是以其高效率，高精度，多功能的優(yōu)勢逐漸取代傳統(tǒng)的測控方法。 本文就是利用單片機控制制冷機從而達到溫度控制的目的。在本設(shè)計中利用溫度傳感器AD590可實現(xiàn)溫度采集。經(jīng)A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器ADC0809實現(xiàn)模擬-數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)換。送單片機來實現(xiàn)整個設(shè)計的要求，可以實現(xiàn)時間，溫度，故障代碼顯示等功能。 本系統(tǒng)具有高精度，高靈敏性，高可靠性等特點。可以高速采集數(shù)據(jù)，具有實時性，并且具有很強的抗干擾能力和自動循環(huán)及自動診斷能力。 關(guān)鍵詞：制冷機，AT89C51，AD590,溫度控制 Title Temperature control system of refrigeration machine Abstract Refrigeration plane our country every profession and trade technological transformation carry on corollary equipment that equipment's introducing need badly at present, Improve product quality , the important equipment which enterprises upgraded too. And the traditional one observes and controls the method and adopt the simulation way from measurement to showing, the data are gathered slowly, does not possess real-time character , anti-interference ability is bad. Measure the precision and totally rely on with the characteristic of the hardware. Since the one-chip computer comes out , arise at the historic moment too instead of relevant observing and controlling the instrument, especially the figure tests the combination of the one-chip computer of technology. The technology of the one-chip computer is with its high efficiency even more, high accuracy, the multi-functional advantage replaces the traditional method of observing and controlling gradually. This text utilize one-chip computer control refrigeration plane to purpose to achieve temperature control. Utilize temperature sensor AD590 to realize temperature is gathered in this design. Realized simulation- the figure is changed by converter ADC0809 of A/D. Give it comes to be whole without being realized demand that design to one-chip computer,can time, temperature now not real, such functions as the trouble code shows. This system has high accuracy, high sensitivity, such characteristics as high dependability ,etc.. Can gather the data at a high speed , have real-time character, and have very strong anti-interference ability and automatic circulation and diagnose ability automatically. Keyword: Refrigeration machine, AT89C51, AD590，Temperature control 目 錄 第一章 緒論 ………………………………………………………………………………1 1.1 選題背景………………………………………………………………………………1 1.2 壓縮機的分類和工作原理……………………………………………………………4 1.2.1空氣壓縮機的分類…………………………………………………………4 1.2.2空壓機的組成及工作原理 ………………………………………………5 1.3 制冷機溫度控制要求 ………………………………………………………………6 第二章 方案論證 …………………………………………………………………………8 第三 章 單片機 …………………………………………………‥………‥…………10 3.1 AT89C51單片機簡介 ………………………………‥… ……‥…………………10 3.2 主要性能參數(shù) ………………………………………‥……………………………10 3.3 主要功能特性概述 …………………………………‥……………………………11 3.4 引腳功能說明 ………………………………………‥……‥‥‥‥……………11 3.5 時鐘震蕩器 ……………………………………‥……‥‥‥‥‥………………13 第四章 硬件電路設(shè)計………………………………………‥……‥‥……‥………14 4.1溫度測量環(huán)節(jié)的設(shè)計 ………………………………………………‥‥…………14 4.1.1 集成溫度傳感器AD590 …………………………………………………14 4.1.2 電壓跟隨器-通用運放UA741……………………………………………15 4.1.3 運算放大器0P-07 ………………………………………………………16 4.1.4 A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器 ADC0809…………………………………………‥‥………17 4.2 可編程并行接口8255設(shè)計………………………………‥………………………20 4.2.1 并行通信與接口 …………………………………………………………20 4.2.2 8255A的編程結(jié)構(gòu)……………………………………‥…………………20 4.2.3 8255A的引腳功能…………………………………………………………22 4.2.4 8255A的工作方式…………………………………………………………23 4．3顯示電路設(shè)計 ………………………………………‥‥…………………………25 4.3.1 鍵盤部分設(shè)計 ……………………………………………………………25 4.3.2 顯示環(huán)節(jié)設(shè)計 ……………………………………………………………25 4．4 復(fù)位及看門狗電路設(shè)計…………………………………………‥‥‥…………26 4.4.1 DS1232的結(jié)構(gòu)及特點 ……………………………………………………26 4.4.2. DS1232的功能 …………………………………………………… ……27 4.4.3 使用注意事項……………………………………………………………28 4.5 時鐘電路設(shè)計 ………………………………………………………………………28 4.5.1 DS1307實時時鐘簡介………………………………………………………29 4.6電源系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 ………………………………………………………………………32 4.7驅(qū)動器的選用 ………………………………………………………………………34 4.8光電隔離 ……………………………………………………‥……………………35 4．9控制電路的分析與設(shè)計……………………………………………………………37 4.9.1電磁繼電器 ………………………………………………………………37 4.9.2壓力繼電器的選擇 ………………………………………………………37 4.9.3 熱繼電器 …………………………………………………………………37 第五 章程序設(shè)計…………………………………………………………………………39 5.1主程序：主要實現(xiàn)制冷機的溫度控制工藝 ………………………………………40 5.2溫度控制子程序………………………………………………………………………44 5.3將顯示緩沖區(qū)中的溫度值送顯示子程序…………………‥………………………45 5.4壓力，負載消斗子程序………………………………………………………………47 5.5鍵值子流程……………………………………………………………………………48 5.6排水測試處理子程序…………………………………………………………………49 5.7是否有鍵按下判斷子程序 …………………………………………………………50 第六章軟件設(shè)計部分 ………………………………………………‥…………………51 結(jié)束語 ………………………………………………………‥‥‥‥‥………………63 致謝 …………………………………………………………………‥…………………64 參考文獻 …………………………………………………………………………………65