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1、選修選修 8Unit 1The written word【話題詞匯話題詞匯】1. background n. 出身出身, 背景背景2. writing n. 寫作寫作; 書寫書寫3. literature n. 文學(xué)文學(xué)4. drama n. 戲戲; 劇本劇本; 戲劇戲劇5. prize n. 獎品獎品6. influence n. 影響影響7. character n. 角色角色; 人物人物8. adapt vt. 改編改編; 編寫編寫9. award vt. 授予授予 n. 獎品獎品10. classic adj. 經(jīng)典的經(jīng)典的 n. 名著名著11. original adj. 原創(chuàng)的原創(chuàng)

2、的 n. 原作原作12. enrich ones life 豐富豐富的生活的生活13. bring sb. happiness 給某人帶來愉悅給某人帶來愉悅14. give up 放棄放棄15. the key to success 成功的關(guān)鍵成功的關(guān)鍵16. have an influence on 對對有影響有影響17. appeal to 吸引吸引18. make contributions to為為做貢獻做貢獻19. go through many difficulties 經(jīng)歷許多困難經(jīng)歷許多困難【經(jīng)典語篇經(jīng)典語篇】(2014寶雞模擬寶雞模擬)當代著名作家莫言當代著名作家莫言, 作為

3、獲得諾貝爾文作為獲得諾貝爾文學(xué)獎的第一位中國人學(xué)獎的第一位中國人, 備受國內(nèi)外媒體的關(guān)注。假如你的美備受國內(nèi)外媒體的關(guān)注。假如你的美國網(wǎng)友國網(wǎng)友Bill是他們學(xué)校?？目偩?。他發(fā)來電子郵件要求你是他們學(xué)校校刊的總編。他發(fā)來電子郵件要求你寫一篇寫一篇150個詞左右的文章個詞左右的文章, 簡要介紹作家莫言。莫言的簡歷簡要介紹作家莫言。莫言的簡歷表如下表如下: 筆名筆名: 莫言莫言原名原名: 管謨管謨業(yè)業(yè)出生日期出生日期1955. 2. 17籍貫籍貫山東高密山東高密經(jīng)歷經(jīng)歷童年在家鄉(xiāng)小學(xué)讀書童年在家鄉(xiāng)小學(xué)讀書, 后因文革輟學(xué)。在農(nóng)村勞動多年。后因文革輟學(xué)。在農(nóng)村勞動多年。1976年參軍。歷任圖書管理

4、員、文秘、教師。年參軍。歷任圖書管理員、文秘、教師。1981年年開始寫作開始寫作成就成就2011年獲茅盾文學(xué)獎。年獲茅盾文學(xué)獎。2012年年12月月10日正式被授予諾日正式被授予諾貝爾文學(xué)獎貝爾文學(xué)獎主要主要著作著作過去幾十年創(chuàng)作了過去幾十年創(chuàng)作了30多部小說。多部小說。紅高粱紅高粱Red Sorghum, 蛙蛙Frog等許多作品被譯成等許多作品被譯成20多種語言多種語言風(fēng)格風(fēng)格作品充滿懷鄉(xiāng)與怨鄉(xiāng)的復(fù)雜情感作品充滿懷鄉(xiāng)與怨鄉(xiāng)的復(fù)雜情感, 豐富、自由的想象和豐富、自由的想象和神奇的描述神奇的描述個人簡歷個人簡歷Mo Yan, whose real name is Guan Moye, was b

5、orn in Gaomi City Shandong Province on February 17 , 1955. As a child, he attended a rural primary school in his hometown, but later he had to give it up because of the Cultural Revolution. Fortunately, in 1976, he joined the army, and in the army he worked as a librarian, a secretary, and later a t

6、eacher. He didnt start his own writing career until 1981. 成就及作品風(fēng)格成就及作品風(fēng)格In the past few decades, he has published more than 30 novels, many of which such as Red Sorghum, Frog, have been translated into over 20 languages. In 2011, he was given Mao Dun Literature Prize. More to his honor, he was award

7、ed the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012. As we know, Mo Yans works are not only full of rich free imagination and fantastic description but also bear strong complex feelings of homesickness and complaints about his hometown. 【厚積薄發(fā)厚積薄發(fā)】. 完成句子完成句子(1)許多作家獲得成功前都經(jīng)歷了很多困難。許多作家獲得成功前都經(jīng)歷了很多困難。Many writers _

8、before they were successful. (2)好的文學(xué)作品給人們帶來愉悅。好的文學(xué)作品給人們帶來愉悅。Good literature works _. went through many difficultiesbring people happiness. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換句型轉(zhuǎn)換(1)用定語從句改寫句。用定語從句改寫句。Fortunately, in 1976, he joined the army, _, a secretary, and later a teacher. (2)用強調(diào)句改寫句。用強調(diào)句改寫句。 _where he workedas a librarianIt

9、was not until 1981 that he started his own writing career. 單詞單詞分類記憶分類記憶【核心單詞核心單詞】不可不記不可不記1. _ (vt. ) 虐待虐待; 辱罵辱罵; 濫用濫用2. _ (adj. )鋌而走險的鋌而走險的, 拼命的拼命的, 絕望的絕望的; 非常需要非常需要, 渴望渴望3. _s (adj. ) 慷慨的慷慨的, 大方的大方的; 寬厚的寬厚的, 仁慈的仁慈的4. _ (adj. ) 虛榮的虛榮的, 自負的自負的; 徒勞的徒勞的, 無結(jié)果的無結(jié)果的5. _ (adj. ) 彎曲的彎曲的; 駝背的駝背的; 不誠實的不誠實的 (n

10、. ) 天賦天賦, 愛好愛好abusedesperategenerouvainbent6. _ (vt. & vi. & n. )(使使)改過自新改過自新, 改造改造; 改革改革, 改良改良7. _ (n. & vi. & vt. ) 救援救援, 營救營救8. _ (n. )債務(wù)債務(wù), 欠款欠款9. _ (vt. ) 熱愛熱愛, 喜愛喜愛, 愛慕愛慕10._ (vi. & vt. )吐唾沫吐唾沫(表示憤怒或鄙視表示憤怒或鄙視); 吐吐, 唾唾(唾沫、食唾沫、食物等物等)11. _ (n. ) 特征特征, 特點特點 (adj. )典型的典型的, 獨特的獨特的, 特有特有的的_ (n. )人物人物

11、, 角色角色reformrescuedebtadore spitcharacteristiccharacter12. _ (adj. )暴力的暴力的, 粗暴的粗暴的; 猛烈的猛烈的, 強烈的強烈的_ (n. )暴力暴力, 暴行暴行13. _ (vi. & vt. )反抗反抗, 抵制抵制, 抵擋抵擋_ (adj. )抵抗的抵抗的,反抗的反抗的_ (n. )抵抗抵抗, 反抗反抗14. _ (vt. & vi. )打算打算, 計劃計劃, 想要想要_ (n. )意圖意圖, 目目的的, 打算打算violentviolenceresistresistantresistanceintendintention

12、【高頻單詞高頻單詞】不可不知不可不知15. _(n. ) 極愛讀書的人極愛讀書的人, 書迷書迷, 書蟲書蟲16. _ (n. )小說小說; 虛構(gòu)的事虛構(gòu)的事17. _ (n. )名譽名譽, 名聲名聲18. _(adj. ) 浪漫的浪漫的, 浪漫主義的浪漫主義的19._ (vi. )突然出現(xiàn)突然出現(xiàn); 跳跳, 蹦蹦 _ (過去式過去式)_(過去分詞過去分詞)20. _ (n. )小說家小說家_ (n. )小說小說bookwormfictionreputationromantic springsprang/sprung sprungnovelistnovel21._(n. )罪犯罪犯 (adj.

13、)犯罪的犯罪的, 犯法的犯法的; 刑法的刑法的, 刑事的刑事的_ (n. )罪行罪行, 犯罪行為犯罪行為22. _ (n. )緊張氣氛緊張氣氛; 緊張緊張, 煩躁煩躁; 矛盾矛盾, 對立對立_(adj. )緊張的緊張的; 焦慮的焦慮的23. _ (vt. & vi. ) (使使)重逢重逢, 再相聚再相聚; (使使)再結(jié)合再結(jié)合, 再聯(lián)合再聯(lián)合_ (v. )聯(lián)合聯(lián)合, 合并合并 criminal crimetensiontensereuniteunite. 短語短語雙語互譯雙語互譯1. 與與無關(guān)無關(guān) _2. 以以為基礎(chǔ)為基礎(chǔ) _3. 決心做某事決心做某事(通常指壞事通常指壞事) _4. 泄露泄露

14、; 出賣出賣; 分發(fā)分發(fā) _5. 躲避躲避; 忙碌忙碌, 不停地奔波不停地奔波 _6. 達到達到, 符合符合(期望期望) _7. 破爛不堪的破爛不堪的, 廢舊的廢舊的; 筋疲力盡的筋疲力盡的_8. 把把分成分成_9. 把把集中在集中在_have nothing to do withbe based onbent on (doing) somethinggive awayon the runlive up toworn outdivide. . . into. . .focus. . . on. . .10. at the sight of _11. let out _12. pick up _

15、13. come to ones rescue_14. touch on_15. be intended to be/do something _16. in tune _17. consist of _看到看到, 一看到一看到就就泄露泄露; 發(fā)出發(fā)出撿起撿起; 獲得獲得; 學(xué)會學(xué)會救援某人救援某人, 幫助某人幫助某人談及談及, 涉及涉及目的是作為某物目的是作為某物, 目的是做某事目的是做某事音調(diào)準確音調(diào)準確; 演奏合調(diào)演奏合調(diào)由由組成組成語境取詞語境取詞選用上面的單詞或短語填空選用上面的單詞或短語填空Mark is a businessman, who is kept _(忙碌忙碌) eve

16、ry minute of the day. When he was young, he was once in heavy debt, and there was a time he was _(急需急需)for money. So he was _(決心決心) reforming his company and his efforts paid off. He _(達到達到)his parents expectations and became a millionaire. In his spare time, he likes reading articles _(涉及涉及)busines

17、s and life. He also _ (喜愛喜愛) _(浪漫的浪漫的) _(小說小說). And he has become a _(書蟲書蟲). Its also _ (特點特點)of him to be _(慷慨的慷慨的). on the rundesperatebent onlived up totouching onadoresromanticfictionbookwormcharacteristicgenerous. 句型句型超級仿寫超級仿寫1. make+sth. +adj. 使某物使某物This _(使它們困難使它們困難)for some people to read, s

18、o they are often left to gather dust on shelves. 【仿寫仿寫】大雨使得我們無法出去。大雨使得我們無法出去。The heavy rain _. makes them difficultmade it impossible for us to go out2. would rather do. . . than do. . . 寧愿做寧愿做也不愿做也不愿做Pips sister often abuses him, but Joe is a kind and simple man who _(寧愿死也不愿看到寧愿死也不愿看到)any harm come

19、 to Pip. 【仿寫仿寫】在這樣的潮濕天氣里我寧愿待在家里在這樣的潮濕天氣里我寧愿待在家里, 也不愿去也不愿去購物。購物。I _on such a humid day. would rather die than seewould rather stay at home than go shopping3. so. . . that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句Kevin kicked it _(太用力以致太用力以致)it flew past the library and over the school gate. 【仿寫仿寫】他們餓極了他們餓極了, 只好試著煮了一雙皮鞋作為晚餐。只好

20、試著煮了一雙皮鞋作為晚餐。They _a pair of leather shoes for their dinner. so hard thatare so hungry that they try boiling4. This is why. . . 這就是這就是的原因的原因_(可能這就是可能這就是的原因的原因)Burns talked about a rose in his famous poem, A Red, Red Rose. 【仿寫仿寫】這就是我來這里的原因。這就是我來這里的原因。_This is probably whyThis is why I came here.【重點單詞

21、重點單詞】1. resist vi. & vt. 反抗反抗, 抵制抵制, 抵擋抵擋【填一填填一填激活思維激活思維】The man was shot outside his house as he tried to _ _. 該男子在其住宅外拒捕時被擊斃。該男子在其住宅外拒捕時被擊斃。She cannot _ _ him advice. 她忍不住給他提建議。她忍不住給他提建議。resistarrestresist giving【記一記記一記構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建知識】resist(doing)sth. 抵制抵制(做做)某事某事, 抵住抵住(做做) 某事的誘惑某事的誘惑cant/couldnt resist

22、 doing sth. 忍不住做某事忍不住做某事*One cannot help being old but one can resist being aged. 一個人無法不變老但是他可以抵制衰老。一個人無法不變老但是他可以抵制衰老。*(2012北京高考北京高考)He tried to resist eating cookies or smoking a cigarette while under stress. 緊張時緊張時, 他盡力做到不吃甜餅或吸煙。他盡力做到不吃甜餅或吸煙。【拓展延伸拓展延伸】*No one objected to the plan we raised. 沒有人反對我

23、們提出的計劃。沒有人反對我們提出的計劃。*I couldnt resist telling him the secret. 我忍不住把這個秘密告訴了他。我忍不住把這個秘密告訴了他。object都可以表都可以表示示“反對反對”多指因厭惡或反感而反對多指因厭惡或反感而反對, 但不一定明顯但不一定明顯地表露出來。常與地表露出來。常與to連用連用resist指用力量或意志抵抗、制止對方的入侵指用力量或意志抵抗、制止對方的入侵或誘惑、影響等或誘惑、影響等2. rescue n. &vi. &vt. 救援救援, 營救營救【填一填填一填激活思維激活思維】Helicopters _ nearly 20 peo

24、ple _ the roof of the burning building. 直升機從失火大樓的樓頂救出了將近直升機從失火大樓的樓頂救出了將近20人。人。The 23-year-old girls screams alerted a passer-by who _ _ _ _. 那個那個23歲女孩的尖叫引來了一位過路人前去營救她。歲女孩的尖叫引來了一位過路人前去營救她。rescuedfromwent to her rescue【記一記記一記構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建知識】rescue sb. /sth. from. . . 從從中營救某人中營救某人/物物go/come to ones rescue去去/來

25、救某人來救某人attempt a rescue設(shè)法實施營救設(shè)法實施營救make a rescue 進行營救進行營救*(2013北京高考北京高考)This month, Grace will star in Dolphin Tale, a film that focuses on her rescue and recovery. 這個月這個月, Grace將在一部關(guān)注她的救援和恢復(fù)的電影將在一部關(guān)注她的救援和恢復(fù)的電影海豚的海豚的故事故事中擔任主演。中擔任主演?！就卣寡由焱卣寡由臁?After the landslides broke out, soldiers were sent there

26、to rescue victims and they saved a lot of peoples lives. 塌方發(fā)生后塌方發(fā)生后, 戰(zhàn)士們前往營救戰(zhàn)士們前往營救, 他們把許多人從死亡線上拉了他們把許多人從死亡線上拉了回來。回來。rescue意為意為“營救營救, 救援救援”, 指從危險中迅速、有效地救指從危險中迅速、有效地救援、搶救出人援、搶救出人, 也指搶救東西不致毀壞也指搶救東西不致毀壞save意為意為“拯救拯救, 救出救出”, 是普通用語是普通用語, 指使受害者或指使受害者或物擺脫危險物擺脫危險, 使其生存或保存下來使其生存或保存下來3. debt n. 債務(wù)債務(wù), 欠款欠款【填一填

27、填一填激活思維激活思維】If you waste money like this, youll end up _ _. 如果你這樣浪費錢財如果你這樣浪費錢財, 遲早會負債的。遲早會負債的。After years hard work, weve _ _ _ _ at last. 經(jīng)過多年努力的工作經(jīng)過多年努力的工作, 我們終于還清了債務(wù)。我們終于還清了債務(wù)。in debtpaid off our debts【記一記記一記構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建知識】in debt 欠債欠債; 欠款欠款be in heavy debt 負債累累負債累累be/get out of debt擺脫債務(wù)擺脫債務(wù)get into de

28、bt負債負債pay off ones debts 還清某人的債務(wù)還清某人的債務(wù)*He was in debt when he was poor, but he has been out of debt since he got rich. 他窮的時候欠了債他窮的時候欠了債, 自從富裕后就擺脫了債務(wù)。自從富裕后就擺脫了債務(wù)。*We were poor but we never got into debt. 我們窮我們窮, 但從不負債。但從不負債。4. intend vt. &vi. 打算打算, 計劃計劃, 想要想要【填一填填一填激活思維激活思維】(2013遼寧高考遼寧高考)The author

29、decided to buy a bicycle because he _ _ experience local culture. 作者決定買一輛自行車因為他想體驗一下當?shù)氐奈幕?。作者決定買一輛自行車因為他想體驗一下當?shù)氐奈幕?2012遼寧高考遼寧高考)The book _ _ _ parents with young children. 此書是專為有小孩子的家長們編寫的。此書是專為有小孩子的家長們編寫的。They _ _ _ go into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams. 他們本來打

30、算那天到鄉(xiāng)下去他們本來打算那天到鄉(xiāng)下去, 但聽說交通擁擠就作罷了。但聽說交通擁擠就作罷了。intended tois intended forhad intended to【記一記記一記構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建知識】(1)intend doing/to do sth. 打算做某事打算做某事intend sb. to do sth. 打算讓某人做某事打算讓某人做某事be intended to do sth. /for sth. 專門為專門為; 專門給專門給had intended to do sth. intended to have done sth. intend that. . . (should)

31、 do sth. 打算打算; 主張主張(2)with the intention of 抱有抱有的目的的目的/打算打算*I saw a man walking across the road with the obvious intention of talking to me. 我看到一個人穿過馬路我看到一個人穿過馬路, 顯然想跟我交談。顯然想跟我交談。本來打算做某事本來打算做某事(但未做成但未做成)【悟一悟悟一悟參透誤區(qū)參透誤區(qū)】intend 作作“意欲意欲, 打算打算”講講, 后接賓語從句時后接賓語從句時, 從句謂語動從句謂語動詞用詞用(should+)動詞原形。動詞原形。*I inte

32、nded her to go there with me. =I intended that she (should) go there with me. 我想讓她跟我去那里。我想讓她跟我去那里。【核心短語核心短語】5. live up to 達到達到, 符合符合(期望期望), 不辜負不辜負, 履行履行(諾言等諾言等)【填一填填一填激活思維激活思維】 觀察句子觀察句子, 寫出黑體部分的含義。寫出黑體部分的含義。He has lived up to the hopes of his father. ( )He faithfully lived up to his promise. ( )I tr

33、y to live up to the high standard of the school. ( )不辜負不辜負履行履行達到達到【記一記記一記構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建知識】live out 實現(xiàn)實現(xiàn); 實踐實踐live with 忍受忍受, 容忍容忍live on sth. 以以為生為生live through經(jīng)歷經(jīng)歷live a. . . life 過著過著的生活的生活live by doing sth. 靠做某事賺錢為生靠做某事賺錢為生(或獲取所需或獲取所需)*He began living out his rock n roll fantasy during his last year in l

34、aw school. 在法學(xué)院的最后一年在法學(xué)院的最后一年, 他開始著手實踐自己的搖滾夢想。他開始著手實踐自己的搖滾夢想。*It was becoming more and more difficult to live on his salary. 他越來越難以靠他的工資維持生計了。他越來越難以靠他的工資維持生計了。*We are too young to have lived through the war. 我們太年輕我們太年輕, 沒經(jīng)歷過那場戰(zhàn)爭。沒經(jīng)歷過那場戰(zhàn)爭?！窘?jīng)典句式經(jīng)典句式】6. This makes them difficult for some people to read

35、, so they are often left to gather dust on shelves. 這使得經(jīng)典作品對有些人來說讀起來是困難的這使得經(jīng)典作品對有些人來說讀起來是困難的, 因此它們經(jīng)因此它們經(jīng)常被擱置在書架上積滿了灰塵。常被擱置在書架上積滿了灰塵?！咎钜惶钐钜惶罴せ钏季S激活思維】仿寫句子。仿寫句子。The news that our team had won _. 我們隊贏了的消息使我們大家非常高興。我們隊贏了的消息使我們大家非常高興。We must _. 我們必須凈化河水。我們必須凈化河水。made us very happymake the rivers clean【記一記

36、記一記構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建知識】(1)該句使用了該句使用了“make +賓語賓語+形容詞形容詞”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu), 意為意為 “使使(變得變得)”。(2)該句型中該句型中, 賓語補足語主要由名詞、形容詞、介詞、動詞賓語補足語主要由名詞、形容詞、介詞、動詞不定式和過去分詞等充當。該結(jié)構(gòu)意為不定式和過去分詞等充當。該結(jié)構(gòu)意為“使使”。(3)當賓語是不定式短語或從句時當賓語是不定式短語或從句時, 多用多用it作形式賓語。作形式賓語。*We made him captain of our football team. 我們推選他作為我們足球隊隊長。我們推選他作為我們足球隊隊長。*Our teacher m

37、akes us feel more confident. 我們的老師使得我們感到更自信了。我們的老師使得我們感到更自信了。*The strange noise made us frightened. 奇怪的聲音使我們感到恐懼。奇怪的聲音使我們感到恐懼。*Berners Lee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet. 貝爾納斯貝爾納斯李讓每個人都能使用因特網(wǎng)成為可能。李讓每個人都能使用因特網(wǎng)成為可能。【拓展延伸拓展延伸】(1)當不定式短語或從句等作賓語時當不定式短語或從句等作賓語時, 多用多用it作形式賓語作形式賓語, 構(gòu)成構(gòu)成的句型

38、主要有的句型主要有: make+it+形容詞形容詞/名詞不定式名詞不定式make+it+形容詞形容詞/名詞從句名詞從句make+it+no good/no use/no value. . . +doing sth. (2)常用于這種句型的動詞還有常用于這種句型的動詞還有: think, consider, find, feel等。等。*I consider it no use quarrelling with him about it. 我認為就這件事情和他爭吵是沒有用的。我認為就這件事情和他爭吵是沒有用的。*We thought it wrong that the child should

39、be left alone in the house. 我們認為把孩子獨自一個人留在家里是不對的。我們認為把孩子獨自一個人留在家里是不對的。7. Pips sister often abuses him, but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip. 皮普的姐姐經(jīng)常辱罵他皮普的姐姐經(jīng)常辱罵他, 但喬卻是一個淳樸、善良的人但喬卻是一個淳樸、善良的人, 他寧愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何傷害。他寧愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何傷害。【填一填填一填激活思維激活思維】仿寫句子。仿寫句

40、子。I _. 我寧愿被嘲笑我寧愿被嘲笑, 也不愿和他吵架。也不愿和他吵架。I _. 我真希望昨天晚上去看戲了而不是待在家里。我真希望昨天晚上去看戲了而不是待在家里。would rather be laughed at than quarrel with himwould rather have gone to the theatre than stayed athome last night【記一記記一記構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建知識】would rather do. . . than do. . . would do sth. rather than do sth. would rather (not)

41、do sth. 寧愿寧愿(不不)做某事做某事would rather have done 寧愿做過寧愿做過(而實際未做而實際未做)would rather +從句寧愿從句寧愿寧愿做寧愿做而不愿做而不愿做*Rather than work in such bad condition, he would give up. 與其在這樣差的條件下工作與其在這樣差的條件下工作, 他寧愿放棄。他寧愿放棄。* Henry would rather that his girlfriend worked in the same department as he does. 亨利希望他的女朋友和他在一個部門工作。

42、亨利希望他的女朋友和他在一個部門工作。*Id rather you hadnt told him the news that day. 我真希望你那天沒有把那消息告訴他。我真希望你那天沒有把那消息告訴他。【悟一悟悟一悟參透誤區(qū)參透誤區(qū)】(1)使用使用would rather. . . than. . . 句型時要注意句型時要注意“平行結(jié)構(gòu)平行結(jié)構(gòu)”, 即即than 的前后要用兩個同類的詞或詞組的前后要用兩個同類的詞或詞組, 如兩個名詞、兩個如兩個名詞、兩個介詞短語等。介詞短語等。would rather的反意疑問句通常用的反意疑問句通常用wouldnt. . . ? (2)would rath

43、er后跟賓語從句時后跟賓語從句時, 從句用虛擬語氣。從句用虛擬語氣。與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦嵪喾磁c現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦嵪喾? would rather (that) sb. did sth. 與過去事實相反與過去事實相反: would rather (that) sb. had done sth. 【要點拾遺要點拾遺】1. desperate adj. 鋌而走險的鋌而走險的, 拼命的拼命的, 絕望的絕望的; 非常需要非常需要, 渴望渴望【填一填填一填激活思維激活思維】He was so _ _ a job that he would do anything. 他當時太想找份工作了他當時太想找份工作了, 什么

44、事都愿意干。什么事都愿意干。I was absolutely _ _ see her. 我當然極想見到她。我當然極想見到她。desperate fordesperate to【記一記記一記構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建知識】be desperate for. . . 渴望得到渴望得到be desperate to do sth. 渴望做某事渴望做某事be in desperate need of 急需急需, 非常需要非常需要*(2013廣東高考廣東高考)The only reason a man would sell salt at a lower price would be because he was d

45、esperate for money. 一個人以較低的價格賣鹽的唯一原因就是他急需錢一個人以較低的價格賣鹽的唯一原因就是他急需錢(用用)。*The children are in desperate need of love and attention. 這些孩子非常需要愛心和關(guān)懷。這些孩子非常需要愛心和關(guān)懷。2. on the run躲避躲避; 忙碌忙碌, 不停地奔波不停地奔波【填一填填一填激活思維激活思維】With three young children to take care of, Helen is kept _ _ _ every minute of the day. 為了養(yǎng)育三

46、個孩子為了養(yǎng)育三個孩子, 海倫在不分晝夜地忙碌著。海倫在不分晝夜地忙碌著。(2013江西高考江西高考)However, _ _ _ _ what is really effective would be the sharing of knowledge. 然而然而, 從長遠看從長遠看, 真正有效的將是知識的共享。真正有效的將是知識的共享。on the runin the long run【記一記記一記構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建知識】at a run 跑著跑著in the short run目前目前, 當前當前, 在短期內(nèi)在短期內(nèi)in the long run 從長遠看從長遠看, 終究終究run into偶然

47、遇見偶然遇見, 碰到碰到(某人某人)run out of(人人)用完了用完了; 從從中流出中流出/跑出跑出run out結(jié)束結(jié)束; 東西用完了東西用完了(主語為物主語為物, 無被動語態(tài)無被動語態(tài))*The development programme has to be abandoned when the company runs out of cash. 公司的資金全部用完公司的資金全部用完, 不得不放棄其發(fā)展計劃。不得不放棄其發(fā)展計劃。3. adore vt. 熱愛熱愛, 喜愛喜愛, 愛慕愛慕【填一填填一填激活思維激活思維】Betty _ her grandchildren. 貝蒂喜歡她的

48、孫子孫女。貝蒂喜歡她的孫子孫女。People _ him _ his noble character. 人們因為他的人格高尚而敬重他。人們因為他的人格高尚而敬重他。She _ _ museums in her spare time. 她空閑時間喜歡參觀博物館。她空閑時間喜歡參觀博物館。adoresadoreforadores visiting【記一記記一記構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建知識】(1)adore sb. /sth. 崇拜崇拜(喜歡喜歡)某人某人/某物某物adore sb. for. . . 因因而敬佩某人而敬佩某人adore doing sth. 喜歡做某事喜歡做某事(2)adorable adj.

49、 可愛的可愛的, 值得愛慕的值得愛慕的adoring adj. 崇拜的崇拜的, 敬慕的敬慕的adoration n. 敬慕敬慕, 愛慕愛慕【悟一悟悟一悟參透誤區(qū)參透誤區(qū)】adore 后通常接動名詞后通常接動名詞, 而不接不定式作賓語而不接不定式作賓語, 而且而且adore不用于進行時。不用于進行時。4. touch on談及談及, 涉及涉及【填一填填一填激活思維激活思維】In his speech he was only able to _ _ a few aspects of the problem. 在演講中他只能涉及這個問題的幾個方面。在演講中他只能涉及這個問題的幾個方面。Let me

50、now deal more carefully with the important question that _ _ _ earlier. 現(xiàn)在我來更詳細地談一談前面已經(jīng)提到的那個重要問題?，F(xiàn)在我來更詳細地談一談前面已經(jīng)提到的那個重要問題。touch onwas touched on【記一記記一記構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建知識】(1)refer to談到談到, 涉及涉及When it comes to. . . 當談到當談到時時speak of 談到談到speaking of (介詞介詞)講起講起, 說起說起(2)get in touch with和和取得聯(lián)系取得聯(lián)系keep in touch with

51、 與與保持聯(lián)系保持聯(lián)系lose touch with 與與失去聯(lián)系失去聯(lián)系5. bent on (doing) something決心做某事決心做某事(通常指壞事通常指壞事)【填一填填一填激活思維激活思維】He _ _ _ _ married as soon as possible. 他決心盡早結(jié)婚。他決心盡早結(jié)婚。He _ _ _ _ at all costs. 他決心不惜一切代價獲取勝利。他決心不惜一切代價獲取勝利。is bent on gettingis bent on winning【記一記記一記構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建知識】bend down 俯身俯身, 屈身屈身; (使使)折下折下bend o

52、nes mind to sth. /do sth. 專心于某事專心于某事/做某事做某事bend back(使使)向后彎向后彎bend on/upon 專心致志于專心致志于bend ones knee to屈服于屈服于bend to彎腰彎腰, 屈身屈身; 折向折向/彎向彎向(某處某處); (使使)屈服屈服*Can you bend down and touch your toes without bending your knees? 你能彎下腰你能彎下腰, 不屈膝摸著你的腳趾嗎不屈膝摸著你的腳趾嗎? *I bent back too far and hurt my neck. 我向后仰得過度了

53、我向后仰得過度了, 扭傷了脖子。扭傷了脖子。*She bent her glance on a table at which four men sat together. 她把目光轉(zhuǎn)到一張坐著四個人的桌子上。她把目光轉(zhuǎn)到一張坐著四個人的桌子上。6. abuse vt. & n. 虐待虐待; 辱罵辱罵; 濫用濫用【填一填填一填激活思維激活思維】His political reputation was ruined because he _ _ _. 他因濫用權(quán)力損壞了他的政治聲譽。他因濫用權(quán)力損壞了他的政治聲譽。Janet _ _ _ by her stepfather since she wa

54、s eleven. 珍妮特從珍妮特從11歲起就遭受繼父虐待。歲起就遭受繼父虐待。abusedhis powerhas been abused【記一記記一記構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建知識】abuse ones power 濫用權(quán)力濫用權(quán)力abuse ones trust辜負某人的信任辜負某人的信任*(2013福建高考福建高考)It dealt with issues such as drug abuse, violence and unemployment. 它處理的是諸如吸毒、暴力以及失業(yè)等問題。它處理的是諸如吸毒、暴力以及失業(yè)等問題。*What she did was an abuse of her po

55、sition as manager. 她做的事情是她濫用作為經(jīng)理的權(quán)力。她做的事情是她濫用作為經(jīng)理的權(quán)力。7. vain adj. 虛榮的虛榮的, 自負的自負的; 徒勞的徒勞的, 無結(jié)果的無結(jié)果的【填一填填一填激活思維激活思維】_ _ _ is one who has too high opinion of himself. 自負的人就是那種自我評價過高的人。自負的人就是那種自我評價過高的人。Day after day she waited _ _ for him to telephone her. 日復(fù)一日日復(fù)一日, 她徒勞地等待他的電話。她徒勞地等待他的電話。_ _ _ _ hold on your own view. 堅持你自己的觀點是徒勞的。堅持你自己的觀點是徒勞的。A vain personin vainIt is vain to【記一記記一記構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建知識】be vain about/of為為而自負而自負It is vain to do sth. 做某事是徒勞的做某事是徒勞的in vain=for nothing 白費力氣白費力氣, 枉費心機枉費心機*He made a vain attempt to reach the drowning child. 他試圖接近那個溺水的小孩他試圖接近那個溺水的小孩, 但沒有成功。但沒有成功。