《2020高中英語(yǔ)人教版 必修3教師用書(shū)：Unit 2 SectionⅣ GrammarWriting Word版含答案》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2020高中英語(yǔ)人教版 必修3教師用書(shū)：Unit 2 SectionⅣ GrammarWriting Word版含答案（7頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、2020學(xué)年人教版英語(yǔ)精品資料 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(Ⅱ) Section_ⅣGrammar_&_Writing 1．ought to的用法 (1)表示責(zé)任和義務(wù)，意為“應(yīng)該”，與should同義。 You ought to be more careful when you cross the road next time. 下次過(guò)馬路時(shí)，你應(yīng)該更小心些。 You ought to work harder than your brother. 你應(yīng)該比你哥哥學(xué)習(xí)更努力。 [點(diǎn)津]　ought to的否定形式為ought not to(oughtnt to)；一般疑問(wèn)形式是將oug

2、ht提至句首，其否定答語(yǔ)通常用dont have to或neednt。 —Ought he to see the doctor? 他該去看醫(yī)生嗎？ —Yes, he ought to./No, he dont have to. 是的，他該去。/不，他不必去。 You ought not to make this kind of mistake again. 你不應(yīng)該再犯這種錯(cuò)誤了。 (2)表示可能性，一般指較大的可能性，意為“按道理應(yīng)該”。 They ought to win — theyve trained hard enough. 他們應(yīng)該能贏，他們訓(xùn)練得夠刻苦的。 I

3、f he started at six, he ought to be here now. 要是他6點(diǎn)就出發(fā)的話，這會(huì)兒該到這里了。 2．have to的用法 have to意為 “不得不”，有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化，其否定形式和疑問(wèn)形式需要借助助動(dòng)詞do。 His mother is ill. He has to stay at home to look after her. 他媽媽病了，他得待在家里照顧她。 [點(diǎn)津] (1)have to 側(cè)重客觀需要，有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化；must強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話人的主觀看法。 (2)have to的否定式為dont have to，表示沒(méi)有

4、義務(wù)或沒(méi)有必要做某事，意為“不必”，?？梢曰卮餸ust提問(wèn)的一般疑問(wèn)句；而must的否定式mustnt表示“禁止”。 I have to go now, for my mother is ill. 現(xiàn)在我不得不走了，因?yàn)槲覌寢屔×恕? I must stop smoking. 我一定要戒煙。 They dont have to buy a computer at present. 他們目前沒(méi)有必要買(mǎi)電腦。 You mustnt come here without permission. 未經(jīng)允許，你不能來(lái)這兒。 3．need的用法 (1)need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后跟動(dòng)詞原形，

5、表示“需要，有必要”，無(wú)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化，多用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句或條件句中。 You neednt go there now. 你現(xiàn)在不必去那兒。 Need I go there now? 我現(xiàn)在需要去那兒?jiǎn)幔? [點(diǎn)津]　由need引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句的肯定回答常用must或have to，否定回答常用neednt。 —Need I hand in my paper now? 我現(xiàn)在需要交上論文嗎？ —Yes, you must./No, you neednt. 是的，你必須。/不，你不需要。 (2)作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，同其他實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一樣，可用于各種句式，有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱(chēng)、數(shù)的變化，構(gòu)成否定

6、句和疑問(wèn)句時(shí)要借助于助動(dòng)詞do。 You need to be careful. 你得小心些。 You dont need to be so worried. 你不必如此擔(dān)心。 Do I need to say my telephone number again? 我還需要再說(shuō)一遍我的電話號(hào)碼嗎？ [點(diǎn)津]　當(dāng)need作“需要”講時(shí)，其后跟不定式的被動(dòng)形式相當(dāng)于跟v.ing的主動(dòng)形式，在這一點(diǎn)上，與want和require作“需要”講時(shí)一樣。 The house needs/wants/requires repairing/to be repaired. 這所房子需要修葺。

7、 4．dare的用法 (1)dare既可以作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，也可以作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)多用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句以及表示懷疑的名詞性從句中，意為“敢……”。 I dare not walk through the wood at night. 夜間我不敢在小樹(shù)林里走。 If you dare cheat in the exam, I will give you some punishment. 如果你(們)敢在考試中作弊，我就懲罰你(們)。 Dare you ask him personally? 你敢當(dāng)面問(wèn)他嗎？ How dare you ask me such a q

8、uestion? 你怎么敢問(wèn)我這個(gè)問(wèn)題？ (2)dare作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在否定句中不定式符號(hào)to也可以省略。 The children dont dare (to) make a sound while their parents are sleeping. 孩子們?cè)诟改杆X(jué)時(shí)不敢弄出一點(diǎn)聲音。 5．情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have done結(jié)構(gòu)的用法 (1)must＋have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情所作出的合理或確有把握的推測(cè)，意為 “想必/準(zhǔn)是/一定……”，只用于肯定句中，在否定句或疑問(wèn)句中通常被can/cant＋have done代替。 From what you said, she

9、 must have told you all about it. 從你所說(shuō)的來(lái)看，她一定把一切都告訴你了。 (2)can have done一般用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中，用于表示對(duì)過(guò)去所發(fā)生事情的推測(cè)。could have done用于肯定句時(shí)，表示“可能已經(jīng)做過(guò)某事”或“本有能力做某事而未做”。 Mr Smith cant have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我剛才還在圖書(shū)館看見(jiàn)他了。 You made a mistake again; you could have bee

10、n more careful. 你又犯錯(cuò)了，你本能更仔細(xì)些的。 (3)should (ought to) have done表示“過(guò)去本應(yīng)該做某事而(實(shí)際上)沒(méi)有做”，含有責(zé)備或遺憾的語(yǔ)氣，其否定形式表示“某種行為不該發(fā)生卻發(fā)生了”。 You should have done more exercise before. 以前你應(yīng)該多進(jìn)行鍛煉的。 You shouldnt have let anyone else know the secret. 你本不應(yīng)該讓其他任何人知道這個(gè)秘密的。 (4)need have done表示“本需要做而實(shí)際未做”；neednt have done表

11、示“本不必做某事而實(shí)際做了”。 You need have done it instead of him yesterday. 昨天你本需要代替他做那件事的。 You neednt have woken me up; I dont have to go to work today. 你本來(lái)不必叫醒我，今天我不用上班。 (5)may/might have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)，意思是“也許已經(jīng)做了某事，可能已經(jīng)做了某事”，多用在肯定句中，用might時(shí)表示語(yǔ)氣更加不肯定。 You might have read about it in the papers. 你可能已

12、經(jīng)在報(bào)上看過(guò)這個(gè)消息了。 Ⅰ.選詞填空 1．You mustnt go there alone; its too dangerous.(mustnt/neednt) 2．Its so near; we shouldnt have taken a taxi.(shouldnt/cant) 3．You oughtnt_to have spent so much time playing computer games.(mustnt/oughtnt to) 4．—Shall I leave the room so that you two can talk? —No, you nee

13、dnt.(mustnt/neednt) 5．He cant have missed the train；he arrived at the train station two hours early.(cant/mustnt) 6．Well be very glad if you can join us in going camping.(can/may) 7．They had_to stay in the office last night because of the snowstorm.(have to/must) 8．We should have helped him; in

14、that case, he would have been able to finish the work.(should/can) Ⅱ.完成句子 1．他們應(yīng)該明天來(lái)。 They should/ought_to_come tomorrow. 2．我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得在午夜把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來(lái)。 My brother was very ill, so I had_to_call_in the doctor at midnight. 3．你不必把此事告訴他。 You dont_have_to/neednt tell him about it. 4．嚴(yán)禁在圖書(shū)館吸煙。 Smoking m

15、ust_not_be_allowed in the library. 5．這輛自行車(chē)需要修理。 英文廣告寫(xiě)作 The bike needs_repairing/to_be_repaired. 如今，“綠色生活”的理念已經(jīng)深入人心，越來(lái)越多的城里人喜歡到郊區(qū)過(guò)周末。位于重慶市西部的西山農(nóng)場(chǎng)(the West Hill Farm)就是一個(gè)綠色農(nóng)場(chǎng)。在這里，人們可以享受大自然帶來(lái)的樂(lè)趣。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的表格提示，寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)短文宣傳介紹一下西山農(nóng)場(chǎng)。 注意：1．短文要包括表格中的所有提示內(nèi)容； 2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3．詞數(shù)：100左右。 地理位置 重慶市西部，離

16、市區(qū)只有10千米，乘公交車(chē)可以直接到達(dá) 工作人員 約200人 規(guī)模 約53公頃(hm2)，是重慶市第二大農(nóng)場(chǎng) 動(dòng)物 豬、牛、羊等許多種動(dòng)物 水果 蘋(píng)果、梨、橘子等20多種優(yōu)質(zhì)水果 休閑方式 游客可以在農(nóng)場(chǎng)釣魚(yú)、野餐、學(xué)習(xí)飼養(yǎng)動(dòng)物、摘水果等 聯(lián)系電話 02365734618 ①The West Hill Farm is located in the west of Chongqing.②It is only 10 km away from the city area, and you can go there by bus.③There are about two hu

17、ndred people who are working on the farm.④It has an area of about 53 hm2 and it is the second largest farm in Chongqing.⑤On the farm many different animals are kept, such as pigs, cattle, sheep and so on.⑥Besides, there are more than twenty kinds of fruit of high quality like apples, pears and orang

18、es here.⑦Youre sure to find your favorite fruit from the farm and youre allowed to pick them up.⑧Visitors also have the chance to go fishing, have a picnic and learn how to keep animals here. ⑨If you want to come to the farm, please call 02365734618. 第一段：簡(jiǎn)述西山農(nóng)場(chǎng)的概況。 第二段：聯(lián)系方式。 亮點(diǎn)一：本文要點(diǎn)全面，語(yǔ)言得體，

19、非常符合廣告文體的特點(diǎn)。如⑨句就充分體現(xiàn)了本文的文體特色。 亮點(diǎn)二：較多地運(yùn)用復(fù)雜句式，表明作者具有一定的寫(xiě)作功底。如③句是一個(gè)限制性定語(yǔ)從句；⑦句是并列句，且第二個(gè)分句運(yùn)用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；⑧句中的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作定語(yǔ)修飾chance，而“特殊疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)充當(dāng)learn的賓語(yǔ)等。 亮點(diǎn)三：一些較高級(jí)詞匯的靈活運(yùn)用也體現(xiàn)出作者對(duì)詞匯有非常好的掌握，如⑥句中的of high quality就是一個(gè)比較高級(jí)的介詞短語(yǔ)，這里作后置定語(yǔ)。 如何寫(xiě)好英文廣告 一則完整的廣告通常包括標(biāo)題、正文、廣告語(yǔ)，有時(shí)還包括插圖說(shuō)明等。 1．標(biāo)題：廣告標(biāo)題不但要傳遞廣告的主要信息，而且要有效吸引讀者的注意

20、力。 2．正文： (1)針對(duì)產(chǎn)品的名稱(chēng)、性能、功效、價(jià)格等進(jìn)行符合客觀事實(shí)的描述，增加說(shuō)服性和情感性，重點(diǎn)是突出對(duì)產(chǎn)品特點(diǎn)和亮點(diǎn)的介紹。 (2)掌握消費(fèi)者的心理需求，了解市場(chǎng)態(tài)勢(shì)，以重點(diǎn)突出、簡(jiǎn)明易懂、生動(dòng)有趣、具有號(hào)召力的語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行傳播，以便促成讀者的購(gòu)買(mǎi)行為。 (3)說(shuō)明銷(xiāo)售地址或聯(lián)系方式。 3．廣告語(yǔ)：優(yōu)秀的廣告語(yǔ)往往能夠?yàn)楫a(chǎn)品銷(xiāo)售鳴鑼開(kāi)道，喚起讀者注意，引發(fā)讀者欲望，促使讀者購(gòu)買(mǎi)。 廣告寫(xiě)作的常用句型： 1．祈使句。這是出現(xiàn)最多的句型。 Ask anyone who owns one. Please do not leave it too late. 2．一般疑問(wèn)

21、句。通常用在廣告的前面。 Have you ever dreamed of ascending the steps of a great temple built to the gods? Can a tired, overworked voice command attention in class? 3．省略句。在英語(yǔ)廣告中，省略句比比皆是，甚至整篇廣告都由省略句構(gòu)成。 Ready for development./For sale./For manufacture./For business./For services. 4．比較級(jí)。比較級(jí)在廣告中用得非常多。 The new

22、 Minolta Riva Zoom 105EX is the most compact camera in a very prestigious class. In short, the stronger your character, the brighter your future. 5．直接引語(yǔ)。在英語(yǔ)廣告中多使用直接引語(yǔ)：一是使廣告顯得形式活潑、新穎，二是可以增強(qiáng)說(shuō)服力。 “Through the NVQ initiative we have discovered talents and competencies we would never otherwise have kn

23、own about，” says Ian McDermot of Philips Components in Blackburn. 假設(shè)一家名叫“阿南”的餐館即將開(kāi)業(yè)，為吸引外國(guó)顧客，提高其知名度，請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)為其寫(xiě)一則廣告。要點(diǎn)如下： 1．地址：在泰山路和青島路交會(huì)處； 2．該餐館菜肴種類(lèi)豐富，色、香、味俱佳，而且每天推出一樣特價(jià)菜； 3．服務(wù)質(zhì)量上乘，歡迎惠顧。 注意：詞數(shù)100左右。 ________________________________________________________________________ ______________________

24、__________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 參考范文： Welcome to A Nan Restaurant A Nan Restaurant will be opened for business. A Nan Restaurant

25、lies at the crossing of Taishan Road and Qingdao Road. We offer different kinds of dishes, which can satisfy different peoples tastes. So, no matter what dishes you like, you can find what you like here. To express our thanks for your coming, well offer a special kind of dish every day, which is rea

26、lly very cheap. The most important thing is that our dishes look nice, smell wonderful and taste delicious! In addition, if you have a meal here, you will save your time, because we can serve your dishes in a very short time. Come here once, and you will want to come here more times. Welcome to A Nan Restaurant! We are looking forward to your coming!