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1、2020學(xué)年人教版英語精品資料 Section_ⅣGrammar_&_Writing 　 動(dòng)詞ing 形式作主語和賓語 一、動(dòng)詞ing形式作主語 1．動(dòng)詞ing形式作主語時(shí)，常表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 Reading aloud is a good way in learning English. 朗讀是學(xué)習(xí)英語的一個(gè)好方法。 1 ①(湖南高考改編)Understanding (understand) your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to con

2、vey your affection and emotions. ②(福建高考改編)Knowing (know) basic firstaid techniques will help you respond quickly toemergencies. 2．用it作形式主語，而把真正的主語(動(dòng)詞ing形式)放在句末。常見句型有： It is/was no good/use/useless doing sth. 干……沒有好處/用處。 It is/was a waste of time/money doing sth. 做某事是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢。 It is/was worthwh

3、ile doing sth. 做……是值得的。 It is no good waiting for other people to make decisions for you. 等別人替你做決定是沒有用的。 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水難收。 It is a waste of time talking about such useless things. 談?wù)撨@些沒用的事情是在浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。 2 (上海高考改編) Its no use complaining (complain) without taking action.

4、3．在there is no 結(jié)構(gòu)中，通常用動(dòng)詞ing形式。常見句型有： There is no point/sense (in) doing sth. 干……沒有意義/道理。 There is no pleasure doing sth. 干……沒有樂趣。 There is no point in persuading him any longer. He wont change his mind. 再勸說他也沒有意義。他不會(huì)改變主意。 二、動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語 1．可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語的常見動(dòng)詞可用下面的口訣記?。? 避免錯(cuò)過少延期(avoid, miss, postpone)

5、 建議完成多練習(xí)(advise, finish, practise) 喜歡想象禁不住(enjoy, imagine, cant help) 承認(rèn)否定與嫉妒(admit, deny, envy) 逃避冒險(xiǎn)莫原諒(escape, risk, excuse) 忍受保持不介意(stand, keep, mind) We were lucky to escape being punished. 我們很幸運(yùn)，沒有受罰。 I tried to avoid making the same mistake. 我盡力避免犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。 I cant stand being treated li

6、ke that. 我受不了被那樣對(duì)待。 She cant help crying when she heard the bad news. 當(dāng)聽到壞消息時(shí)她忍不住哭了起來。 2．英語中有一些動(dòng)詞短語也常跟動(dòng)詞ing 形式作賓語。 常見的跟動(dòng)詞ing 形式作賓語的動(dòng)詞短語有 insist on, object to, be good at, lead to, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, devote ... to, get used to, pay attention to, when it comes to 等。 He

7、 insisted on doing it in his own way. 他堅(jiān)持要按照自己的方法做。 The old couple have got used to living in the countryside. 這對(duì)老夫婦已習(xí)慣生活在鄉(xiāng)下了。 3 (江西高考改編)When it comes to speaking (speak) in public, no one can match him. 3．在有些動(dòng)詞，如start, begin, continue 等的后面，既可接動(dòng)名詞也可接不定式作賓語，兩者意義區(qū)別不大。 They continued working/to

8、work as if nothing had happened. 他們繼續(xù)工作，好像什么也沒發(fā)生過。 4．有些動(dòng)詞或詞組后既可跟動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語，又可跟不定式作賓語，但意思不同。 I remember to mail the letter but forget to buy the stamp. 我記得要去寄信可忘了買郵票了。 I dont regret telling her what I thought. 我不為告訴她我的想法而后悔。 Since the front door wont open, why not try opening the

9、 back door? 前門打不開，為何不試一試后門呢？ I mean to change it for another one. 我想換成另外一個(gè)。 Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 誤了這班火車就意味著再等一小時(shí)。 4 (安徽高考改編)I remembered to_lock (lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. 5．動(dòng)詞need, require, want表示“需要”時(shí)，其后跟動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式

10、或不定式的被動(dòng)式作賓語，意義沒有區(qū)別。 The window needs/requires/wants cleaning. ＝The window needs/requires/wants to be cleaned. 這個(gè)窗戶需要擦了。 5 (湖南高考改編)Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs doing/to_be_done (do) to achieve the final success. 三、動(dòng)詞ing形式的否定形式 動(dòng)詞ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前加not，帶有邏輯主語時(shí)not應(yīng)放在動(dòng)詞ing形式之前。

11、 You have no excuse for not going. 你沒有理由不去。 He was punished for not having done his homework. 他因未完成作業(yè)而受到懲罰。 Im sorry for not having kept my promise. 對(duì)不起，我沒有兌現(xiàn)我的承諾。 四、動(dòng)詞ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 動(dòng)詞ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成方式為：名詞所有格/形容詞性物主代詞＋動(dòng)詞ing形式。此結(jié)構(gòu)多在句中作主語和賓語等，其中名詞所有格/形容詞性物主代詞是動(dòng)詞ing形式的邏輯主語。當(dāng)該復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語時(shí)，名詞所有格可用普通格代替，形容

12、詞性物主代詞可用代詞賓格代替，但作主語時(shí)不可以。 Do you mind my/me coming late for the film? 我看電影遲到你介意嗎？ Marys being late for class made her teacher very angry. 瑪麗上課遲到讓她老師非常生氣。 Her coming to help encouraged all of us. 她來幫忙鼓舞了我們。 Ⅰ.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．All the children are looking forward to going (go) forward to feed t

13、he panda. 2．The bird was lucky and it just missed being_caught (catch)． 3．I always prefer to_start (start) early rather than leave (leave) everything to the last minute. 4．Walking (walk) is a good form of exercise for both men and women. 5．While shopping women sometimes cant help being_persuade

14、d (persuade) into buying more clothes than necessary. 6．—What made Jane so upset? —Losing (lose) the ring her husband bought her for her birthday. 7．Finding (find) a job in such a big company has always been beyond his wildest dream. 8．—Maybe youve forgotten to_post (post) my letter. —How coul

15、d I? I remember putting (put) it into the letter box. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．After work Yuan Longping enjoys listening_to_music (聽音樂)． 2．The girl practises_playing_the_violin (練習(xí)拉小提琴) every evening. 3．Not_telling_him (沒告訴他) the truth made my father angry. 4．When I came in, he stopped_reading (停止讀書) and looke

16、d up at me. 5．Please remember to_post_the_letter (把這封信寄出去) this morning. 6．Finding_a_job (找工作) is difficult these days. 7．The flowers in your garden want/need/require_watering/to_be_watered (需要澆水了)． 8．It is fun playing_with_snow (玩雪) on the hill with my classmates. 　 ?！?bào)

17、 為促進(jìn)我校師生的英語學(xué)習(xí)，我們將舉辦英語晚會(huì)，請你以學(xué)生會(huì)的名義寫一份英語海報(bào)，歡迎全校師生參加。 內(nèi)容： 1．晚會(huì)時(shí)間：下星期五晚7：00～9：00。 2．晚會(huì)地點(diǎn)：學(xué)校大會(huì)議室。 3．晚會(huì)節(jié)目：英語故事、英語歌曲、英語詩歌及短劇等。屆時(shí)還將邀請?jiān)诒拘９ぷ鞯募幽么蠼處煾窳址驄D參加晚會(huì)，他們將表演精彩的節(jié)目。 注意：1.海報(bào)的格式。 2．寫海報(bào)的時(shí)間是2017年4月15日。 POSTER In order to improve our English, an English evening will be held in our school meeting hal

18、l from 7：00 pm to 9：00 pm next Friday. You will enjoy English stories, songs, poems and short plays at the evening party. Mr and Mrs Green from Canada ①working in our school will also be invited to our evening. They will give us wonderful performances. Welcome to the party and you ②are sure to enjo

19、y yourself by watching many different kinds of wonderful performances. The Students Union April 15th, 2017 這是一則有關(guān)主題報(bào)告會(huì)的海報(bào)，包括標(biāo)題、正文、落款，結(jié)構(gòu)非常完整。 第一段：開門見山，突出寫作主題。說明此次活動(dòng)的目的、舉辦時(shí)間、活動(dòng)內(nèi)容和參加的人員。 第二段：發(fā)出邀請。 ①使用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，使句子提升了一個(gè)檔次； ②正確運(yùn)用了be sure to do 這一結(jié)構(gòu)。 如何寫海報(bào) 1．文體特點(diǎn)：“短小精悍”是海報(bào)突出的文體特點(diǎn)。因此，寫海報(bào)要做到主旨鮮

20、明、言簡意賅、用詞準(zhǔn)確。 2．語言特點(diǎn)：海報(bào)語言要生動(dòng)、富有鼓動(dòng)性。 3．標(biāo)題寫作：標(biāo)題一般寫在上方正中。標(biāo)題可以反映海報(bào)的核心內(nèi)容，如 football match (足球比賽), lecture (講座)，film news (影訊)等，也可直接寫 POSTER。 4．寫作內(nèi)容：海報(bào)的正文內(nèi)容要寫明具體內(nèi)容、活動(dòng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)，以及某些規(guī)定、要求、組織者等。內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)形式比較自由，根據(jù)實(shí)際情況和表達(dá)效果的需要可考慮用什么字體、字形，用什么樣的形式，是否配圖畫等，可按行排列也可逐項(xiàng)說明。 5．落款：登海報(bào)的單位、團(tuán)體名稱一般寫在右下角，日期寫在署名下一行的左下角，有時(shí)候也可不寫日期。

21、6．時(shí)態(tài)：一般用現(xiàn)在時(shí)和將來時(shí)。 1．No admission fee is required for members of the club. 2．Children under 6 are not permitted admission. 3．For booking, please stop at the Union Club. 4．There are still tickets available for the night shows. 5．Buses are available and leave at 6：00 pm from the Peace Hotel. 6．C

22、ome for the real hit of rock and roll performance! 請你根據(jù)以下圖片和要點(diǎn)提示，以學(xué)校學(xué)生會(huì)的名義，寫一篇海報(bào)，呼吁人們節(jié)約耕地資源。 提示：1.我國人口不斷增長，而耕地面積在日益減少，目前耕地面積只占全國土地總面積的10% 左右； 2．建工廠、修公路和鐵路，以及建造房屋等占用了大量耕地； 3．呼吁大家節(jié)約用地，充分利用土地，以及保護(hù)現(xiàn)有的耕地資源。 要求：1.文章包括以上提示，可適當(dāng)增加內(nèi)容，以使行文連貫； 2．寫海報(bào)的時(shí)間是2017年4月18日。 3．詞數(shù)：100左右。 _____________________

23、___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 參考范文： Save Our Limited F

24、armland Its a wellknown fact that the population of our country is growing rapidly while the farmland is being lost day by day.According to the latest statistics, the land that is suitable for farming only makes up about 10% of the total land in our country.Worse still, building factories, roads, railways and houses uses up a lot of land, especially farmland. We call on all people to save, make good use of and protect our farmland.Remember once our farmland is gone, it will be impossible to get it back. The Students Union April 18, 2017