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1、2020學(xué)年人教版英語精品資料 A卷　學(xué)業(yè)水平達(dá)標(biāo) 【說明】　本試卷滿分120分，考試時間100分鐘 Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分) A Along the river banks of the Amazon and the Orinoco there lives a bird that swims before it can fly, flies like a fat chicken, eats green leaves, has the stomach of a cow and has claws (爪) on its wings when young.

2、 They build their homes about 4.6 m above the river, an important feature (特征) for the safety of the young. It is called the hoatzin. In appearance, the birds of both sexes look very much alike with brown on the back and cream and red on the underside. The head is small, with a large set of feather

3、s on the top, bright red eyes, and blue skin. Its nearest relatives are the common birds, cuckoos. Its most striking feature, though, is only found in the young. Baby hoatzins have a claw on the leading edge of each wing and another at the end of each wing tip. Using these four claws, together with

4、 the beak(喙), they can climb about in the bushes, looking very much like primitive birds must have done. When the young hoatzins have learned to fly, they lose their claws. During the drier months between December and March hoatzins fly about the forest in groups of 20 to 30 birds, but in April, wh

5、en the rainy season begins, they collect together in smaller living units of two to seven birds for producing purposes. When danger comes in the form of a snake or a monkey, the young hoatzins — maybe three in one family — jump over the side and into the river. They swim about under the water until

6、 it is safe to return and then, using their claws, lift themselves up through the branches and get back home. When they have learned to fly they lose their claws and escape enemies not by swimming but by flying off, in a slow and heavy way, to a neighboring tree. 語篇解讀：生活在亞馬孫叢林中的麝雉在學(xué)會飛之前就會游泳了。它頭上長有美

7、麗的羽冠，喙很硬。麝雉棲息于河邊的森林中，擅長游泳，常常在水面上方的樹枝上筑巢。雛鳥翅膀上長有爪子(長大后爪子消失)，能用爪子和喙攀登樹木，與成鳥一樣也會游泳。 1．What is the text mainly about? A．Hoatzins in dry and rainy seasons. B．The relatives and enemies of hoatzins. C．Primitive birds and hoatzins of the Amazon. D．The appearance and living habits of hoatzins. 解析：選D　主旨

8、大意題。全文介紹了麝雉的外形和生活習(xí)性，故答案為D。 2．Young hoatzins are different from their parents in that ________. A．they look like young cuckoos B．they have claws on the wings C．they eat a lot like a cow D．they live on river banks 解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“has claws(爪) on its wings when young”和第三段中的“When the young hoa

9、tzins have learned to fly, they lose their claws”可知，麝雉幼鳥與成鳥不同的是幼鳥翅膀上長有爪子。答案為B。 3．What can we infer about primitive birds from the text? A．They had claws to help them climb. B．They could fly long distances. C．They had four wings like hoatzins. D．They had a head with long feathers on the top. 解析

10、：選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Using these four claws, together with the beak(喙), they can climb about in the bushes, looking very much like primitive birds must have done”可知，原始的鳥可能使用爪子攀爬。答案為A。 4．Why do hoatzins collect together in smaller groups when the rainy season comes? A．To find more food. B．To protect

11、themselves better. C．To keep themselves warm. D．To produce their young. 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“but in April, when the rainy season begins, they collect together in smaller living units of two to seven birds for producing purposes”可知，它們在雨季聚在一起是為了繁殖后代。答案為D。 B Andy rode slowly on his way to school,

12、daydreaming about the fishing trip that his father had promised him. He was so busy dreaming about all the fish he would catch that he was unaware of everything else around him. He rode along until a strange sound drew him to the present. He came to a stop and looked curiously up to the heavens. Wh

13、at he saw shocked and terrified him. A huge swarm of bees filled the sky like a black cloud and the buzzing mass seemed to be heading angrily towards him. With no time to waste, Andy sped off in the opposite direction, riding furiously — but without knowing how to escape the swarm.With a rapidly be

14、ating heart and his legs pumping furiously, he sped down the rough road. As the bees came closer, his panic increased. Andy knew that he was sensitive to bee stings (蜇). The last sting had landed him in hospital — and that was only one bee sting! He had been forced to stay in bed for two whole days.

15、 Suddenly, his father’s words came to him. “When you are in a tight situation, don’t panic. Use your brain and think your way out of it.” On a nearby hill, he could see smoke waving slowly skywards from the chimney of the Nelson family home. “Bees don’t like smoke，” he thought. “They couldn’t get i

16、nto the house.” Andy raced towards the Nelson house, but the bees were gaining ground. Andy knew he could not reach the house in time. He estimated that the bees would catch up with him soon. Suddenly, out of the corner of his eyes, he spotted a small dam used by Mr. Nelson to irrigate his vegetabl

17、e garden. Off his bike and into the cool water he dived, disappearing below the surface and away from the savage insects. After holding his breath for as long as he could, Andy came up for air and noticed the bees had gone. Dragging himself out of the dam, he struggled up the hilly slope and rang th

18、e doorbell. Mrs. Nelson took him inside and rang his mother. “You’ll really need that fishing break to help you recover，”laughed his mother with relief.“Thank goodness you didn’t panic！” But Andy did not hear her. He was dreaming once again of the fish he would catch tomorrow. 5．Why did Andy fai

19、l to notice the swarm of bees earlier? A．He was riding to school. B．He was listening to a strange sound. C．He was going fishing with his father. D．He was lost in the thought of the fishing trip. 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段內(nèi)容尤其是第二句可知答案。 6．Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the swarm of bees in

20、the passage? A．They crowded like a black cloud. B．They shocked and terrified Andy. C．They tried to attack Andy in a mass. D．They made Andy stay in hospital for two days. 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A項與第二段最后一句的前半句吻合；B項與第二段的第三句吻合；C項與第二段最后一句的后半句吻合。故D項與文章最后他成功避開蜂群這一事實不符。 7．How did Andy avoid the bees in the end?

21、 A．He asked Mr. Nelson for help. B．He hid himself under the water. C．He rushed into the Nelson house. D．He rode off in the opposite direction. 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第二句可知答案。 8．Which of the following can best describe Andy’s escape from the bees? A．No pains, no gains. B．Once bitten, twice shy. C．W

22、here there is a will, there is a way. D．In time of danger, one’s mind works fast. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。A項“不勞無獲”；B項“一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井繩”；C項“有志者事竟成”；D項“急中生智”。根據(jù)文章意思：安迪被蜜蜂追著到處跑，情急之下，跳入水中。故“急中生智”與文意吻合。 C A sunflower is a sunflower.A mobile phone is a mobile phone.But can you combine the two to do something for your

23、local environment? As early as next year it may well be possible.When you have finished with your mobile phone you will be able to bury it in the garden or a plant pot and wait for it to flower.A biodegradable mobile phone was, this month, introduced by scientists.It is hoped that the new type of p

24、hone will encourage consumers to recycle. Scientists have come up with a new material over the last five years.It looks like any other plastic and can be hard or soft, and able to change shape.Over time it can also break down into the soil without giving out any harmful chemicals.British researcher

25、s used the new material to develop a phone cover that contains a sunflower seed.When this new type of cover turns into waste, it forms nitrates (硝酸鹽)．These feed the seed and help the flower grow. Engineers have designed a small transparent window to hold the seed.They have made sure it only grows w

26、hen the phone is thrown away. “We’ve only put sunflower seeds into the covers so far.But we are working with plant experts to find out which flowers would perform best.Maybe we could put roses in next time，”said one scientist. As phone technology is developing so quickly people are always throwing

27、 their mobiles away.This means manufacturers are under pressure to find ways of recycling them. Some 650 million mobile phones have been sold this year.Most of them will be thrown away within two years, adding plastic, heavy metal and chemical waste to the environment.A biodegradable cover can offe

28、r some relief for nature, according to the scientists. “The seed is released and the flower grows in the pot so you don’t have to concern yourself with the phone when you have finished using it，”said Kerry Kirwan.She leads the research team, which is based at the University of Warwick in Britain.

29、9．After you have finished using the new type of mobile phone，________. A．the sunflower seed will come out and flower wherever you throw it B．the phone cover will break down easily in the soil which you bury it in C．it will be recycled by the manufactures D．it can recharge itself in an environme

30、ntal friendly way 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章的第三段中“Overtime it can also break down into the soil without giving out any harmful chemicals.”我們可以找到答案。 10．Which of the following is WRONG about the cover of the new type of phone? A．It can provide useful fertilizer for the sunflower seed after the mobile phone bre

31、aks down. B．It looks like normal plastics but it can break down. C．It can serve as the storage for the sunflower seed. D．It makes sure the seed only grows after the phone is thrown away. 解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段我們知道科學(xué)家發(fā)明了一種可以隨意改變形狀的新材料，用它作為手機(jī)外殼，只有等它形成了硝酸鹽，才能使sunflower生長。但是只有當(dāng)手機(jī)扔掉(throw away)后，而不是壞了(bre

32、aks down)后，這種外殼才給種子提供營養(yǎng)、供其生長。故選A。 11．This type of research is done because________. A．the technology that produces mobile phones is changing rapidly B．consumers tend to throw away their mobile phones within two years C．nobody has ever thought of recycling mobile phones D．producing mobile phones

33、 uses a lot of energy, so this has become a very big problem for the environment 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從倒數(shù)第三段中知道由于手機(jī)發(fā)展很快，人們不斷地更新手機(jī)，給環(huán)境帶來了污染，迫使科學(xué)家們就設(shè)法尋找到手機(jī)材料能分解的辦法。 12．We can infer from the story________. A．the new type of mobile phone is already on the market B．the new type of mobile phone will sell extre

34、mely well C．recycling mobile phones is increasingly important to the environment D．other flowers may be used in the new type of cell phone 解析：選D　推理判斷題。從第五段中的“Maybe we could put roses in next time”可得到答案。 D Every year more people recognize that it is wrong to kill wildlife for “sport”．Progress in

35、 this direction is slow because shooting is not a sport for watching, and only those few who take part realize the cruelty and destruction. The number of gunners, however, grows rapidly.Children too young to develop proper judgments through independent thought are led along way away by their gunnin

36、g parents.They are subjected to advertisements of gun producers who describe shooting as good for their health and guncarrying as a way of putting redder blood in the veins(血管)．They are persuaded by gunner magazines with stories honoring the chase and the kill.In school they view motion pictures whi

37、ch are supposedly meant to teach them how to deal with arms safely but which are actually designed to stimulate (刺激) a desire to own a gun. Wildlife is disappearing because of shooting and because of the loss of wildland habitat (棲息地)．Habitat loss will continue with our increasing population, but c

38、an we slow the loss of wildlife caused by shooting？There doesn’t seem to be any chance if the serious condition of our birds is not improved. Wildlife belongs to everyone and not to the gunners alone.Although most people do not shoot, they seem to forgive shooting for sport because they know little

39、 or nothing about it.The only answer, then, is to bring the truth about sport shooting to the great majority of people. Now, it is time to realize that animals have the same right to life as we do and that there is nothing fair or right about a person with a gun shooting the harmless and beautiful

40、creatures.The gunners like to describe what they do as characterbuilding, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony of dying can make nobody happy.If, as they would have you believe, gun carrying and killing improve human character, then perhaps we should encourage war.

41、13．According to the text, most people do not seem to be against hunting because________. A．they have little knowledge of it B．it helps to build human character C．it is too costly to stop killing wildlife D．they want to keep wildlife under control 解析：選A　推理判斷題。從第四段的“Although most people do not sh

42、oot, they seem to forgive shooting for sport because they know little or nothing about it”一句可以推斷出人們似乎不反對打獵的原因是他們的愚昧無知。 14．The underlined word “agony” in the last paragraph probably means “________”． A．form 　　　　　　 　B．condition C．pain D．sadness 解析：選C　詞義猜測題。從短文的最后一段的“The gunners like to describe

43、what they do as characterbuilding, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony of dying can make nobody happy”這句話可以猜出該單詞的意思是“痛苦”。指動物受傷后會十分痛苦地慢慢死去。 15．It can be inferred from the text that the author seems to________. A．blame the majority of people B．worry about the exist

44、ence of wildlife C．be in favour of war D．be in support of characterbuilding 解析：選B　主旨大意題。全文自始至終表明了作者對人們的打獵行為進(jìn)行了批判。體現(xiàn)出作者對野生動物的生存擔(dān)憂。 Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分) Most cars have seat belts as part of their equipment. Seat belts protect drivers and passengers in case of accidents. They also reduce the

45、effect of a crash on the body. __16__ Worldwide, the devices have protected up to a million people. America first recognized the invention of an automobile seat belt in 1849. The government gave a patent to an engineer named Edward Claghorn of New York City so that others would not copy his inventi

46、on of a safety device. __17__ This early version of the safety belt was said to include hooks and other attachments for securing the person to a fixed object. Other inventors followed with different versions of the seat belt. __18__ It resulted from the work of a Swedish engineer, Nils Bohlin. His

47、threepoint, lap and shoulder seat belt first appeared on cars in Europe 50 years ago. Nils Bohlin recognized that both the upper and lower body needed to be held securely in place. His invention contained a cloth strap (帶子) that was placed across the chest and another strap across the hips. __19__

48、 Volvo was the first company to offer the modern seat belt to its cars. This company also provided use of Nils Bohlin’s design to other carmakers. __20__ He received a gold medal from the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences in 1995. He died in Sweden in 2002. A．The Swedish engineer won m

49、any honors for his seat belt. B．Claghorn was a promising young engineer with many honors all his life. C．The design joined the straps next to the hip. D．There are many companies adopting Nils Bohlin’s invention of the seat belt. E．Safety experts say that seat belts save thousands of lives a year

50、 in America alone. F．But more than 100 years passed before the current seat belt was developed. G．Claghorn called his invention a safety belt. 答案：16～20　EGFCA Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分) On August 26,1999, New York City was struck by a terrible rainstorm.The rain caused the streets to __21__ and

51、 the subway system almost came to a stop. Unfortunately, this happened during the morning rush hour.Many people who were going to work were __22__ to go home.Some battled to __23__ a taxi or to get on a bus.Still others faced the __24__ bravely, walking miles to get to work. I __25__ to be one of

52、people on the way to work that morning.I went from subway line to subway line only to find that most __26__ had stopped.After making my way __27__ crowds of people, I finally found a subway line that was __28__.Unfortunately, there were so many people waiting to __29__ the subway that I could not ev

53、en get down the stairs to the __30__.So I took the train going in the opposite direction, and then switched back to the downtown train.Finally, after what seemed like forever, the train __31__ my stop.Then I had to walk several blocks in the increasingly heavy rain.When I finally got to my office, I

54、 was __32__ through, exhausted and __33__. My coworkers and I spent most of the day drying off.When it was 5：00 pm, I was ready to go home.I was about to turn off my computer __34__ I received an email from Garth, my Director： I would like to thank all of you who made the effort and __35__reported

55、 to work.It is always reassuring (令人欣慰), at times like these, when employees so clearly show their __36__ to their jobs.Thank you. Garth’s email was short, but I learned more from that __37__ message than I ever did from a textbook.The email taught me that a few words of __38__ can make a big diff

56、erence.The rainstorm and the traffic __39__ had made me tired and upset.But Garth’s words immediately __40__ me and put a smile back on my face. 21．A.break　　　　　　　 　B．flood C．sink D．crash 解析：選B　flood作動詞，意為“為水所淹”。 22．A.forced B．refused C．a(chǎn)djusted D．gathered 解析：選A　be forced to do意為“被迫做某事”，表

57、示很多打算上班的人被迫回家去。 23．A.order B．pay C．call D．search 解析：選C　call a taxi意為“叫一輛出租車”。order“命令，訂購”；pay“付款”；search“搜尋”。 24．A.climate B．scenery C．storm D．burden 解析：選C　根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，人們面臨的是暴風(fēng)雨。 25．A.used B．promised C．deserved D．happened 解析：選D　happen“碰巧，恰好”，表示我恰好是行走在上班路上的人之一。 26．A.practice B．r

58、outine C．process D．service 解析：選D　我去了好幾處地鐵線，發(fā)現(xiàn)大多已經(jīng)停止了客運(yùn)服務(wù)。 27．A.to B．through C．over D．for 解析：選B　through意為“穿過”，表示我在人群中艱難地穿行。 28．A.operating B．cycling C．turning D．rushing 解析：選A　operate意為“工作，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”，表示我終于發(fā)現(xiàn)有一條地鐵線還在工作中。 29．A.check B．carry C．find D．board 解析：選D　board意為“上(船、車、飛機(jī)等)”，表示等著

59、乘坐地鐵的人很多。 30．A.street B．ground C．floor D．platform 解析：選D　platform意為“站臺，月臺”，表示因為人多，我甚至都不能沿臺階走到站臺上等待。 31．A.paused B．crossed C．reached D．parked 解析：選C　reach意為“到達(dá)”，表示火車終于到了我要下車的站。 32．A.wet B．weak C．sick D．hurt 解析：選A　當(dāng)我最后終于到達(dá)辦公室時，我渾身濕透了。 33．A.ashamed B．discouraged C．surprised D．p

60、uzzled 解析：選B　exhausted and discouraged是兩個并列的形容詞作伴隨狀語，表示又疲憊又沮喪。 34．A.while B．when C．where D．a(chǎn)fter 解析：選B　when在此處是并列連詞，常用于be about to do sth. when ...句型中，意為“正要做某事，這時……”。 35．A.hardly B．casually C．a(chǎn)bsolutely D．eventually 解析：選D　eventually意為“最后，終于”。hardly意為“幾乎不”；casually意為“偶然地，隨便地”；absolutel

61、y意為“絕對地”。 36．A.devotion B．donation C．connection D．reaction 解析：選A　devotion意為“忠誠，獻(xiàn)身”，表示雇員們表現(xiàn)出忠于職守的良好品質(zhì)。 37．A.accurate B．urgent C．brief D．humorous 解析：選C　brief意為“簡潔的，簡短的”，與前文出現(xiàn)的short相對應(yīng)。 38．A.promise B．a(chǎn)ppreciation C．a(chǎn)dvice D．guidance 解析：選B　appreciation意為“感激，感謝”，表示只言片語的感謝就能產(chǎn)生很大的作用。

62、 39．A.troubles B．signals C．rules D．signs 解析：選A　根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，作者在上班的路上頗費(fèi)周折，遇到很多麻煩。 40．A.corrected B．supported C．a(chǎn)mazed D．refreshed 解析：選D　refresh意為“使精神振作”，表示我在看完電子郵件后，不再感到疲憊和沮喪，精神煥發(fā)，并且面帶笑容。 Ⅳ.語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分) It was a sunny day. A little boy’s father was sitting on the couch, drinki

63、ng a beer while watching __41__ basketball match. Seeing this, the boy rushed to his father and shouted, “ Daddy, show me how to play catch！” The father, staring__42__ the television screen, replied, “ Let me finish watching the match. Play outside and come back in five minutes.” “Okay, Daddy！” sai

64、d the boy, running out of the room.Five minutes later, the boy returned, __43__ (scream)，“Daddy, let’s play catch now！” By this time, the father had opened another cold beer and another match was beginning. __44__ (patient) with the boy’s interruption, the dad brought a magazine to his son. On the

65、cover of the magazine was a large picture of the world. The father, who was angry and __45__ (bother), began tearing the magazine cover into small __46__. Then, the father turned to his boy and said, “ Son, once you put this picture back together, we can play catch, but do not interrupt me again _

66、_47__ you finish.” A few minutes later, the boy returned and said, “I __48__ (finish), Daddy! Can we play catch now？” Surprised, the father glanced towards his child, and __49__ lay the magazine with the world pieced perfectly together in his small hands. The dad asked his child how he put the world together so quickly. “__50__ was simple，” said the boy. “On the back of the world was the picture of a person, and once I put the person together, that’s when the world came together.” 答案：4