《完型填空解題技巧》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《完型填空解題技巧（40頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、不挖空不挖空做完形填空時要注意文章做完形填空時要注意文章開頭提示句的點題作用和短文中完整句的啟示開頭提示句的點題作用和短文中完整句的啟示作用作用；完形填空考點和能力要求分析完形填空考點和能力要求分析命題意圖：命題意圖： 在語篇層面上考查常用詞匯的準(zhǔn)確、得體的應(yīng)用。在語篇層面上考查常用詞匯的準(zhǔn)確、得體的應(yīng)用。選材：以夾敘夾議或敘述文為主，信息量大，情節(jié)曲折。選材：以夾敘夾議或敘述文為主，信息量大，情節(jié)曲折?；灸芰Γ夯灸芰Γ?1）閱讀理解能力）閱讀理解能力 2）詞匯運用能力）詞匯運用能力完形填空的解題思路：完形填空的解題思路： 1）句子理解）句子理解考查單句語境中詞語運用考查單句語境中詞語運用

2、 2）上下文理解）上下文理解考查并列句及復(fù)合句語境中詞語的運考查并列句及復(fù)合句語境中詞語的運用用 3）段落理解）段落理解圍繞段落主旨的段落語境中詞語的運用圍繞段落主旨的段落語境中詞語的運用 4）文章中心理解）文章中心理解圍繞文章中心的文章整體語境中詞語圍繞文章中心的文章整體語境中詞語運用運用為什么我們在這一題型上總是失分較為什么我們在這一題型上總是失分較多多? ?1.1.沒有嚴(yán)格遵循答題步驟沒有嚴(yán)格遵循答題步驟: : 多數(shù)同學(xué)考試時擔(dān)心時間緊多數(shù)同學(xué)考試時擔(dān)心時間緊, ,在沒有弄清在沒有弄清短文的中心和文章的情節(jié)線索的情況下匆忙答題短文的中心和文章的情節(jié)線索的情況下匆忙答題. .事實上我們用在

3、這一題上的時間可以達(dá)到事實上我們用在這一題上的時間可以達(dá)到15-1815-18分分鐘鐘. . 切記切記: :一定要用一定要用2-32-3分鐘時間進(jìn)行缺詞閱讀分鐘時間進(jìn)行缺詞閱讀, ,弄清弄清文章大意和基本脈絡(luò)后再著手逐個填空文章大意和基本脈絡(luò)后再著手逐個填空. .2. 2. 不注意積累答題技巧不注意積累答題技巧: : a. a. 忽略文章中上下文之間的照應(yīng)關(guān)系忽略文章中上下文之間的照應(yīng)關(guān)系; ; b. b. 遇到長句不注意分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)遇到長句不注意分析句子結(jié)構(gòu), ,在語義模糊在語義模糊時抱碰運氣的心理隨意作出選擇時抱碰運氣的心理隨意作出選擇. . 詞匯題詞匯題高考完形高考完形 填空考什么？填空

4、考什么？篇章結(jié)構(gòu)篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 句際關(guān)系句際關(guān)系1.復(fù)現(xiàn)復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯題詞匯題All of a sudden I started to feel rather _. She wondered why I was looking for this sort of _.I felt even more hopeless when she told me thatit would be difficult to get a job without experience. 1. A. encouraged B. dissatisfied C. hopeless D. pleased 2. A. place B.

5、job C. advice D. help 12C. hopelessB. job(2005NMET)My sister and I grew up in a little village in England.Our father was a struggling 36 , but I always knew he was 37 . 36. A. biologist B. manager C. lawyer D. gardener37. A. strict B. honest C. special D. learned he never criticized us ,but used 38

6、(praise)to bring out our best father said: “when I was 23, my dad persuaded me to go into law”.C. lawyerC. special2.(08天津卷）天津卷） The next day Jenna went to see Mrs. Biden about being on the school 25 . Mrs. Biden wasnt as 26 (enthusiastic ) as Jenna. “Im sorry, but we have enough 27 (writer) for the

7、newspaper already. A.committee B. newspaper C. radio D. team原詞重現(xiàn)原詞重現(xiàn)3. (08山東卷山東卷)Garths e-mail was short, but I learned more from that 52 message than I ever did from a textbook. A. accurate B.urgent C. brief D. humorous同義詞、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)同義詞、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)1. We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train o

8、n the _ home from work in the evenings. A.way B. track C. path D. road A.wayon the way home 回家路上回家路上 根據(jù)搭配確定詞匯根據(jù)搭配確定詞匯2. Leaning back, she _ her feet onto the sofa to get comfortable. A. shook B. put C. bent D. kept B. putput onto 把把放在放在/擱在擱在根據(jù)意義辨析確定詞匯根據(jù)意義辨析確定詞匯3. It was an early morning in summer. I

9、n the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly,heading towards their _. A. jobs B. homesC. houses D. offices根據(jù)生活常識確定詞匯根據(jù)生活常識確定詞匯A. jobs4. （08安徽安徽)There are many different ways of seeing a town for the first time. One of them is to walk around it, guide-book 36 hand. A. in B. at C. by D. on5.（

10、08安徽安徽) When we 41(look at ) it as a whole, we begin to have some 42 ,which even the best guide-books do not answer. A. ideas B. opinions C. feelings D. questions 5.(08湖南湖南)Cassie looked at me, and her glare . I laughed, She smiledA.returned B. remainedC. increased D. softened6.(08四川）四川）I knew she h

11、ad strict sleeping habits, but I thought she ought to be able to 22 some of this strictness. A.put up B. take up C. pick up D. give up例例1： It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly, heading towards their_ . This was the beginning of another_ day in New

12、 York City. 1. A. jobs B. homes C. buses D. offices 2. A. working B. hotC. sameD. ordinary 分析：從信息詞分析：從信息詞“early morning”和和“sleepy-eyed”來判斷，來判斷，B. homes不符合邏輯，按生活經(jīng)驗，他們是去上班。這時有些考不符合邏輯，按生活經(jīng)驗，他們是去上班。這時有些考生也許會認(rèn)為，既然上班，就要去生也許會認(rèn)為，既然上班，就要去“擠公交車擠公交車”或或“去辦公室去辦公室”。但上班的方式也有步行的、騎車的或坐地鐵的，也有自己開車去的。但上班的方式也有步行的、騎車的或坐地

13、鐵的，也有自己開車去的。人們上班有去農(nóng)場的、煤礦的，還有去工廠車間的，不一定去辦公人們上班有去農(nóng)場的、煤礦的，還有去工廠車間的，不一定去辦公室。因此，室。因此，C. buses和和D. offices不符合生活實際。不符合生活實際。1題只有題只有A. jobs才是最合乎邏輯的選項，人們起床后，各自奔向自己的工作崗才是最合乎邏輯的選項，人們起床后，各自奔向自己的工作崗位。而這位。而這 種情況是天天發(fā)生，是平平常常的，因此種情況是天天發(fā)生，是平平常常的，因此2題答案是題答案是D. ordinary(08湖南卷湖南卷) I made my sandwich that afternoon while

14、waiting for Cassie. 39 the butter-cream gave me an idea. A. Spreading B. Boiling C. Baking D. HoldingEvery morning she would give him breakfast 29 bed and bring him the papers to 30 .29.A. to B. at C. in D. by30.A. check B. read C. keep D. sign 替代替代省略省略1.1.語法手語法手段段語法項目語法項目 9.The strange Dr had been

15、loved by someone:he had given his life,as Charley_,for a cause he believed right. A. / B.had been C. had D.had done省略省略 邏輯手段邏輯手段2.2.邏輯手段邏輯手段分指關(guān)系分指關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系因果關(guān)系因果關(guān)系解釋關(guān)系解釋關(guān)系順序關(guān)系順序關(guān)系并列關(guān)系并列關(guān)系letters Every morning I got on the school bus right near my home that was no problem. After school, _, when all

16、the buses were lined up along the street, I was afraid that Id get on the wrong one and be taken to some, unfamiliar neighborhood. A. though B. yet C. although D. still He appeared calm,_ inside his heart was beating wildly with fear. A. and B. or C. but D. otherwise分析：分析：(1) 填填though，adv. , 表示前一句與本

17、句的轉(zhuǎn)折表示前一句與本句的轉(zhuǎn)折, although: 連詞。連詞。(2) 填填but,表表calm 和和fear對照對照。 Mark knelt down and helped the boy picked up these articles. _ they were going the same way, he helped to carry some of them for him. A. Although B. since C. After D. Until Think about it, _, while walking to work, we mark where we are by

18、 passing a certain building, why should we not mark where we are when we pass a familiar, though unnamed, person? A. Because B. If C. Although D. However3.B since 表由于表由于,引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句, although讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句,表表轉(zhuǎn)折轉(zhuǎn)折,after引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句.4. B. if 假設(shè)關(guān)系假設(shè)關(guān)系. (08天津天津)Jenna, a popular girl fromWestwood

19、Middle School, had graduatedfirst in her class and was ready for newchallenges in high school. , high schoolwas different. A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Besides(08湖北湖北Neilson considers herself lucky_she suffered injuries.A.and B.but C.though D.when轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系讓步關(guān)系讓步關(guān)系 There are so many wonderf

20、ul stories about the _ in this dog, but my favorite is one that created an image of how to _ what is needed without reserve. Tears sprung to my eyes as I witnessed this beautiful act of unconditional love form an animal who taught us how to serve life with such grace.1.A. love B. pleasure C. faith D

21、. memory2.A. gain B. abandon C. give D. getlovegive文章主要講我家的狗對它的朋友的愛和無私文章主要講我家的狗對它的朋友的愛和無私的給予給作者帶來的震撼。的給予給作者帶來的震撼。完型填空考查內(nèi)容完型填空考查內(nèi)容語篇信息語篇信息詞匯手段詞匯手段語法手段語法手段邏輯手段邏輯手段 復(fù)復(fù) 現(xiàn)現(xiàn) 同同 現(xiàn)現(xiàn) 替替 代代 省省 略略 順序關(guān)系順序關(guān)系 并列關(guān)系并列關(guān)系 分指關(guān)系分指關(guān)系 轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系系 解釋關(guān)系解釋關(guān)系 因果關(guān)系因果關(guān)系語篇結(jié)構(gòu)（語境理解）語篇結(jié)構(gòu)（語境理解）語法項目語法項目Problem solving strategies上下文語境上下

22、文語境（context)常識背景常識背景（common sense）習(xí)慣搭配習(xí)慣搭配（phrases & idioms）詞義辨析詞義辨析 （comparison）語法分析語法分析（grammar analysis)邏輯分析邏輯分析 (logical analysis )排除法排除法 （exclusive method ）靈活的解題技巧靈活的解題技巧 Steve Jobs did what he loved to do in his life. He started Apple with Woz when he was 20. In ten years Apple had grown into

23、a $2 billion company with over 4,000 employees. _, when he had just turned 30, he was rejected and got _by Apple, which was destructive to him. But he didnt want to abandon what he _ to do. He decided to _ again. He set up a company named NeXT and it developed so well _ in 1997 he returned to Apple

24、with new technology, which played a _ role in the boom of Apple. When asked what _ him going, Jobs said his being fired by Apple was the _ thing that could have ever happened to him. He never lost _ and just continued what he loved. Howeverfiredwas rejectedhis being firedlovedlovedlovedstartstartedt

25、hatsomajorkeptbestfaith （08江西）江西） The three youths leaned over the metal rails along the sea-wall and watched a few fishermen pull in their nets. About thirty metres away, a boat pulled alongside the slippery steps leading 36 to the sea. “Hey, look!” exclaimed Rahim. “Those two men are 37 heavy rock

26、s. I thought we no longer do muscle labour in this technological 38 . ”“you dont 39 a crane (起重起重機機)to unload less than a dozen rocks, do you?”smiled Joshua. “But those men dont 40 to have muscles at all,”said Michael,rather surprised .Joshua smiled. “They are 41 laborers who know how to spread the

27、weight of the rocks they 42 . See how the man positions the rock just at the slope of his 43 . 36. A. through B. across C. down D. up37.A.loading B.unloading C.covering D.uncovering 38. A. way B. revolution C. process D. era39. A. ask B. expect C. attempt D. hope40. A. happen B. fail C. have D. seem

28、41. A.ambitious B. experienced C. potential D.energetic 42. A. take B. fetch C. carry D. bring43. A. shoulder B. back C. chest D. arms原詞重現(xiàn)原詞重現(xiàn)語境語境理解理解詞義詞義用法用法排除法排除法語境語境-詞義詞義詞義辨析詞義辨析常識常識 Some of the rocks weight is set 44 his head, some on the right hand and some on the left hand. His body isnt bent.

29、 His legs are well 45 . ” “Youre right, Josh. He may have a small build. 46 he certainly well knows his job. Dear me! And to think we have been studying 47 ! ” Rahim thought about all that was happening. Suddenly, he said, “Technology wont 48 the human being completely, it appears.” “I dont think it

30、 will. ” 49 Joshua. “You can harvest a crop of potatoes or wheat with one of those large, multi-purpose tractors, but you 50 use that equipment to harvest lea leaves and tomatoes, will you?” 44.A. on B. against C.toward D. under 45.A.supported B.grasped C. placed D.strengthened 46.A. but B. however

31、C. so D. therefore 47.A.chemistry B. physics C. biology D. psychology 48.A. control B.affect C.remove D. replace49.A. agreed B. proposed C. refused D. denied50.A. cant B. mustnt C. wont D. neednt常識常識 詞義詞義詞義辨析詞義辨析轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系語境理解語境理解詞義詞義語境語境語境語境原詞重現(xiàn)原詞重現(xiàn) “You can get a computer to 51 multiple-choice asses

32、sments, but you cannot get the computer to produce of assess essays, can you?” asked Michael. “Well, the washing machine leaves my shirt collar quite as 52 as ever - thats domestic technology for you! ” said Rahim. “One day, perhaps, there wont be anybody 53 who can carry a large rock the way those

33、men do. Its not going to be a very 54 world, Im afraid.” Sighed Michael. “Youre too much of a pessimist (悲觀主義者悲觀主義者)，Mike.” Said Joshua. “ 55 will always be other things that will make the world exciting. ” 51. A. point out B. take out C. hand out D. print out 52. A. dirty B. clean C.old D. new 53.

34、A. caught B. arranged C. left D. convinced 54.A. exciting B. mysterious C. technological D. modern 55.A. That B. This C. They D.There常識常識常識常識-語境語境詞義詞義- -句型句型原原詞詞重重現(xiàn)現(xiàn)固定句型固定句型跳過空格，通讀全文，跳過空格，通讀全文， 把握大意把握大意瞻前顧后，先易后難，瞻前顧后，先易后難， 各個擊破各個擊破再讀全文，反復(fù)檢查再讀全文，反復(fù)檢查結(jié)合選項，綜合考慮，初定答案結(jié)合選項，綜合考慮，初定答案應(yīng)對篇章的正確答題步驟應(yīng)對篇章的正確答題步驟: :