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1、必修1 Unit 1 Friendship 能力演練 一、 語法填空 專題訓(xùn)練（一）巧用派生詞，做好語法填空  技巧點撥： 動詞、介詞、冠詞、物主代詞等詞后一般接名詞或動名詞,如果所給單詞是其它詞類,就要將其改為名詞,并注意名詞數(shù)的變化。如果所給單詞為動詞，就需在原動詞后加ing將其變?yōu)閯用~。要將其它詞類變?yōu)槊~，需熟悉構(gòu)成名詞的后綴，對所給詞做相應(yīng)改變。 常用的名詞后綴主要有： 動詞+al /or /er —名詞 survive survival 動詞+ment—名詞 manage management 動詞+ion /tion /sion

2、—名詞 express expression invent invention 形容詞+ness —名詞 crazy craziness 動詞/形容詞+ -th—名詞 grow(v. 生長） growth(n. 生長) ship結(jié)尾的名詞 professor(n. 教授) Professorship(n.教授資格) y結(jié)尾的名詞 Honest (adj. 誠實的) honesty(n. 誠實) 如： (1)His carelessness (careful) resulted in the terrible accident  (2)

3、He was one of the visitors (visit) who thought highly of Tom, their guide. ◆活學(xué)活用 （一）.用所給單詞的適當形式填空。 I hated(1)__________(wait) for her for hours without(2)______ (know) when on earth she would come. On her(3)__________(arrive),she would always hugged me, promising never to be late aga

4、in. I used to stare at her in(4)__________(angry),telling her frankly that her(5) __________ (arrive)late made me angry and that I wanted to end our(6)__________ (relate).However, she never seemed to be(7)__________ (angrily).She told me that she always thought of me as one of her best(8)__________

5、(friendly)and if I left her, that would be a severe(9)_________(punish)to her. Finally we reached an(10)_________(agree)that we would still be good friends, but she mustn，t be late again. 答案： (1)waiting (2)knowing (3)arrival (4)anger (5)arriving (6)relation (7)angry (8)friends (

6、9)punishment (10)agreement （二）.在下文空格處填人一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空，說出第1,4,6,7,10題的解題思路。 Each of us fails from time to time. If we are wise, we accept these(1)__________(fail)as a necessary part of the learning process. But all too often(2)__________ parents and teachers we do not allow our children

7、to have the same right. We convey either by words(3)__________ by actions that failure is something to be ashamed of, and that nothing but top performance meets with our(4)__________(approve). When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was a shy, nervous perfectioni

8、st. His fear of failure(5)__________(keep)him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. He seldom answered questions for fear that he would be wrong. He seldom finished his work because he repeatedly checked with me to be sure he hadn，t made a(6)__________(mistaken).I tri

9、ed my best to build up his self-confidence. And I repeatedly asked God for(7)__________(direct).But nothing changed until midterm,(8)__________ Mary Anne, a young student teacher, was appointed to our classroom. She was young and pretty, and she loved children. Many students, Donnie(9)__________(inc

10、lude),adored her. With her(10)__________(encourage),Donnie became confident. 解析：(1)動詞accept后接名詞,前有these，名詞需用復(fù)數(shù)形式failures。 (4)介詞with后需接名詞，所以答案為approval。 (6)冠詞后用名詞。所以答案為mistake。 (7)介詞for后接名詞，故填direction(ion是名詞后綴) (10)With后接名詞,故填encouragement(V+ment變成名詞) 答案： (1)failures (2)as (3)or (4

11、)approval (5)kept (6)mistake (7)direction (8)when (9)included (10)encouragement 二、完形填空 閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1~15各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。 Stevenson and his family went to scotland for a holiday.One rainy morning,he took his wife and his son Lloyd out for a long walk over the hills.They

12、had been 1 this for several days before the weather suddenly took a turn for the worse.Kept indoors by the heavy rain,Lloyd felt the days 2 .To keep the boy happy,Robert asked the boy to do some 3 . One morning,the boy came to Robert with a beautiful map of an island.Robert 4 that the boy

13、had drawn a large cross in the middle of 5 .“Whats that?”he asked.“Thats the 6 treasure,”said the boy.Robert suddenly 7 something of an adventure story in the boys 8 .While the rain was pouring,Robert sat down by the fire to write a story.He would make the 9 a twelveyearold boy,just l

14、ike Lloyd.But who would be the pirate（海盜）？ Robert had a good friend named Henley,who walked around with the 10 of a wooden leg.Robert had always wanted to 11 such a man in a story. 12 Long John Silver,the pirate with a wooden leg,was 13 . So,thanks to a 14 September in Scotland,a frie

15、nd with a wooden leg,and the imagination of a twelveyearold boy,we have one of the greatest 15 stories in the English language. 1.A.attempting B.missing C.planning D.enjoying 2.A.quiet B.dull C.busy D.cold 3.A.cleaning B.writin

16、g C.drawing D.exercising 4.A.doubted B.noticed C.decided D.recognized 5.A.the sea B.the house C.Scotland D.the island 6.A.forgotten B.buried C.discovered D.unexpected  7.A.saw B.drew

17、 C.made D.learned 8.A.book B.reply C.picture D.mind 9.A.star B.hero C.writer D.child 10.A.help B.problem C.use D.bottom 11.A.praise B.produce C.include

18、 D.accept 12.A.Yet B.Also C.But D.Thus 13.A.read B.born C.hired D.written 14.A.rainy B.sunny C.cool D.windy 15.A.news B.love C.reallife D.adventure 1.解析:度假時，每天散散步，應(yīng)該

19、是享受生活。 答案：D 2.解析:下大雨，只能在室內(nèi)，這樣的日子對小男孩來說，當然是沉悶。 答案：B 3.解析:根據(jù)第四段第一句，這男孩畫了一幅地圖，故選C。 答案：C 4.解析:句意：羅伯特注意到小男孩在島中央畫了一個大大的十字。 答案：B 5.解析:本段第一句中a beautiful map of an island可知，是在島的中央畫了個十字。 答案：D 6.解析:句意：那是被埋藏的寶藏。 答案：B 7.解析:句意：羅伯特突然在男孩的圖畫中看到了冒險故事。see看懂，明白。 答案：A 8.解析:根據(jù)上文可知是畫的畫，故選C。 答案：C 9

20、.解析:句意：他讓像Lloyd這樣一個12歲的男孩成了文中的主人公。 答案：B 10.解析:with the help of在……的幫助下。 答案：A 11.解析:句意：羅伯特一直想在某個故事里寫進一個這樣的人。include包括；praise贊揚；produce產(chǎn)生；accept接受。 答案：C 12.解析:Thus這樣，因此；Yet然而；Also也；But然而，表轉(zhuǎn)折。 答案：D 13.解析:句意：這個有著一條木腿的海盜誕生了。 答案：B 14.解析:由第三段中the heavy rain?？芍颂幱胷ainy。 答案：A 15.解析:由第四段an adv

21、enture story。可知此處用adventure。 答案：D 三、 閱讀理解 專題訓(xùn)練(一) 閱讀中的猜詞技巧(1) 定義釋義法  方法點撥： 釋義指對陌生詞的解釋(解釋性描述)，一般通過定義、定語從句、詞組、同位語從句來體現(xiàn)。其表現(xiàn)形式為：用that is，in other words，or，mean，be called，refer to或連系動詞to be等定義或重述形式來解釋生詞。 如∶ ［例題1］： Anthropology is the scientific study of man. ［例題2］： The herdsman ,who loo

22、ks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. ［解析1］： 從解釋 the scientific study of man可知anthropology的意思是 “人類學(xué)”。 ［解析2］： 定語從句中l(wèi)ooks after sheep就表明了herdsman的詞義為“牧羊人”。 ◆活學(xué)活用  （一）利用上述方法，猜出下列各句劃線詞的意思。 1. Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society. 2.They need t

23、o make their income meet the cost of living, so many people plan a family budget .A budget is a list of monthly expenses. 3.Jane is indecisive ,that is, she can，t make up her mind. 4.The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope ,an instrument for listening to patients， heartbeat and

24、 breathing. 5.Krabacber suffers from SAD ,which is short for seasonal affective disorder, a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings. 6.They are vertebrates, that is, animals that have back bones. 解析： 1.假定sociology是一個不認識的詞，系動詞be后面就給出了明確的定義。這樣，我們便知道該詞意思為“社會學(xué)”。 2.is后面是對第一句中劃線單

25、詞的解釋，給出了明確的定義，從定義上推測出單詞budget的意思為“預(yù)算”。 3.由that is可知，后面是對indecisive的定義解釋，由此可猜測出單詞indecisive的意思為“優(yōu)柔寡斷的，沒有決定能力的”。 4.此句中逗號(，)后的同位語an instrument for listening to patients heartbeat and breathing已經(jīng)給出了劃線單詞的確切意思,stethoscope為“聽診器”。 5.從seasonal affective disorder, a syndrome characterized by severe sea

26、sonal mood swings 推出SAD的意思是 “季節(jié)性情緒紊亂癥”。 6.從解釋animals that have back bones 可知vertebrates的意思是 “脊椎動物”。 答案： 1.社會學(xué) 2.預(yù)算 3.優(yōu)柔寡斷的,沒有決策能力的 4.聽診器 5.季節(jié)性情緒紊亂癥 6.脊椎動物 （二）閱讀下列短文，按要求完成讀寫任務(wù)。 (2009年全國高考Ⅰ卷） We have met the enemy, and he is ours. We bought him at a pet shop. When monkey-pox, a d

27、isease usually found in the African rain forest, suddenly turns up in children in the American Midwest, it，s hard not to wonder if the disease that comes from foreign animals is homing or on human beings.“Most of the infections we think of as human infections started in other animals,” says Morse, d

28、irector of the Center for Public Health Preparedness at Columbia University. It，s not just that we，re going to where the animals are, we，re also bringing them closer to us. Popular foreign pets have brought a whole new disease to this country. A strange illness killed Isaksen，s pets, and she now t

29、hinks that keeping foreign pets is a bad idea.“I don，t think it，s fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them,” says Isaken.“Laws allowing these animals to be brought in from deep forest areas without stricter control need changing,” says Peter Schantz. Monkey-pox may be

30、 the wake-up call .Researchers believe infected animals may infect their owners. We know very little about these new diseases. A new bug may be kind at first. But it may develop into something harmful. Monkey-pox doesn，t look a major infectious disease. But it is not impossible to pass th

31、e disease from person to person. Ⅰ、根據(jù)短文，寫一篇30詞左右的摘要。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

32、____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案： The text tells us that keeping pets from foreign forest without necessary knowledge of the animals may be dangerous because they may bring some unknown infectious diseas

33、e to harm our health. (31 words) Ⅱ、根據(jù)所讀短文，選擇正確答案。 1.What dose the word“monkey-pox”mean? A. a container to keep monkeys. B. a medicine for a monkey disease C. an infectious disease D. a popular foreign pet 2.What does the phrase “the wake-up call”most probably mean? A. a new disease

34、 B. a clear warning C. a dangerous animal D. a morning call 3.What does the word “bug” mean? A. an infectious disease B. a virus C. a pet D. a disease in African forest 4. Why did Isaksen advise people not to have foreign pets? A. They attack human beings. B. We need to study nat

35、ive animals. C. They can，t live out of the rain forest. D. We don，t know much about them. 5. The text suggests that in the future we __________. A. may have to fight against more new diseases B. may easily get infected with diseases from dogs C. should not be allowed to have pets D. sh

36、ould stop buying pets from Africa 解析：  1. 詞義猜測題。從a disease usually found in the African rain forest得知答案。 2.詞義猜測題。從下文得知，受到感染的動物會將疾病傳給它們的主人，導(dǎo)致疾病在人群中蔓延，所以monkeypox對于人們起到警示作用。3.詞義猜測題。下文說到“bug”會發(fā)展為有害的東西，推知應(yīng)是“病毒”之意。 4.細節(jié)理解題。從I don，t think it，s fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them得知答案。 5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第三行可知：人類將來會面臨更多疾病的挑戰(zhàn)。 答案： 1-5 CBBDA