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1、必修1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela——a modern hero 能力演練 一、語法填空 專題訓練（一） 巧用派生詞，做好語法填空 ◆技巧點撥 要做好高考語法填空題中的詞語派生題，關(guān)鍵是掌握詞語搭配關(guān)系，然后將所給單詞變成該搭配所需要的形式。因此，請理解并牢記下表內(nèi)容。 句子成分 概念描述 所處語境 適用詞類 主語 什么人或什么事、動作的發(fā)出者 句子最前面，冠詞、物主代詞、some，any，other等不定代詞后 名詞、代詞、不定式、動名詞 賓語 動作的對象、承受者 及物動詞或介詞后，冠詞、物主代詞、some，any，o

2、ther等不定代詞后 謂語 表明主語干什么或是什么 主語后 動詞 表語 說明主語的身份、特征或狀態(tài) 系動詞后 形容詞、名詞、少數(shù)副詞、介詞短語、分詞 補足語 補充說明主語或賓語 賓語或被動式謂語后 定語 修飾或限定名詞或代詞 名詞前，something等不定代詞后 形容詞 狀語 修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子 動詞前后，形容詞或副詞前，句首 副詞 ◆活學活用 閱讀下面短文，用括號中所給單詞的適當形式填空。 A father sat at his desk looking at and carefully studying his

3、 1 (month)bill when his young son rushed in and announced,“Dad,because this is your birthday and you are 55 years old,Im going to give you 55 kisses,one for each year!” But the father exclaimed,“Oh,Peter,dont do it now.Im too busy!” The boy immediately fell 2 (silence)as tears rolled down

4、from his big blue eyes. 3 (apologize)the father said,“You can finish later.” The boy said nothing but 4 (quiet)walked away, 5 (disappont)written over his face.That evening the father said,“Come and finish the kisses now,Peter!” But the boy didnt respond. 6 (fortunate),the boy had an a

5、ccident and was drowned.His heartbroken father wrote,“If only I could tell him how much I regret my 7 (thought)words and could be assured that he knows how much my heart is aching.” Love is a twoway street.Any loving act must be 8 (warm)accepted or it will be taken as 9 (reject)and can

6、leave a scar.Nothing is more 10 (importance)than responding with love to the cry for love from those who are near and precious to us. 二、完形填空 閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1~15各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。 I was a single parent of four small children,working at a lowpaid job.But I didnt want my children to

7、 know we were poor,so when christmas was drawing near,I decided to give them some money to buy some 1 . They planned weeks ahead of time,asking 2 what they wanted for Christmas.Fortunately,I had saved ＄ 120 for 3 to share by all five of us. The big 4 arrived.I gave each kid a twentydoll

8、ar bill and 5 them to look for gifts of about four dollars each.〖JP3〗Then everyone scattered（散開）.We had two hours to shop;then we would 6 back at the “Santa,s Workshop”. Driving home,everyone was in high Christmas spirits, 7 my younger daughter,Ginger,who was unusually 8 .She had only one

9、 small,flat bag with a few candiesfiftycent candies!I was so angry,but I didn,t say anything 9 〖JP3〗we got home.I called her into my bedroom and closed the 〖JP2〗door, 10 to be angry again.This is what she told me. “I was looking 11 thinking of what to buy,and I 12 to read the little car

10、ds on the ‘Giving Trees’.One was for a little girl,four years old,and all she 13 for Christmas was a doll（玩具娃娃）.So I took the card off the tree and 14 the doll for her.We have so much and she doesn,t have anything.” I never felt so 15 as I did that day. 1.A.gifts B.flowers

11、C.candies D.books 2.A.the other B.each other C.one by one D.every other one 3.A.toys B.clothes C.presents D.bills 4.A.day B.chance C.cheque D.tree 5.A.forced B.reminded C.invited

12、 D.begged 6.A.draw B.stay C.move D.meet 7.A.including B.besides C.except D.regarding 8.A.quiet B.excited C.happy D.ashamed 9.A.since B.after C.while D.until 10.A.waitin

13、g B.ready C.hoping D.afraid 11.A.out B.over C.forward D.around 12.A.forgot B.stopped C.failed D.hated 13.A.wanted B.did C.got D.played 14.A.made B.searched C.bought

14、 D.fetched 15.A.angry B.rich C.patient D.bitter 三、閱讀理解 專題訓練(一) 閱讀中的猜詞技巧（5） 根據(jù)生活經(jīng)驗常識和邏輯推理推測詞義 ◆方法點撥 有時候，邏輯推理和自身的生活經(jīng)驗及普通常識能幫助我們確定詞義。如: 例1：The snake slithered through the grass. 根據(jù)有關(guān)蛇的生活習性和知識，我們可以推出snither的詞義為“爬行”。 例2：Fishes live in water and have fi

15、ns which help them to swim.Most fishes have slimy skins covered with scales,but in fishes such as eels the scales are very small and can hardly be seen. 憑常識我們不難猜出fins,slimy和scales的確切意思分別是“鰭”、“滑溜的”和“鱗”，對于eels一詞，我們只需知道是fish的一種（鱔魚類）就行了。 例3：Not wanting to disturb the sleeping kitten,I gingerly lifte

16、d her from the box and put her on a blanket near the heater. 根據(jù)前半句的Not wanting to disturb（不愿打擾），我們便可大致推測出gingerly一詞的含義：“小心翼翼地”。 ◆活學活用 （一）根據(jù)上述技巧,猜測下列劃線詞的詞義。 1.The man walked briskly to keep warm on the very cold night. 2.The door was so low that I hit my head on the lintel. 3.When a doc

17、tor performs an operation on a patient，he usually gives an anaesthetic to make him unconscious，because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him. 4.If you are capable of working twelve hours a day without a rest，and if you can engage in physical exercise for hou

18、rs without seeming to get tired，then you are indefatigable. 5.Thousands of people got stuck in lifts.But no one panicked,we passed the time telling stories. （二）閱讀下列短文，按要求完成讀寫任務(wù)。 (2009年全國卷Ⅱ) I know you,re thinking:Pizza(比薩餅)？For breakfast？But the truth is that you can have last night,s lef

19、tover in the am if you want to. I know lots of women who skip breakfast(不吃早餐),and they have a ton of different excuses for doing it.Some say they don,t have time,others think they are saving calories(卡路里),still others just don,t like breakfast food. But the bottom line is that eating in the morn

20、ing is very important when you are trying to lose weight.“Eating just about anything from 300 to 400 calories would be better than nothing at all,”says Katherine Brooking,R.D,who developed the super easy eating plan for this year,s SELFCHALLENGE.“And even pizza can be healthy if its loaded with veg

21、etables,and you stick to one small piece.” Breakfast is one meal I never miss,and the same goes for most weight loss success stories. Research shows that eating breakfast keeps you from overeating late in the day.Researchers at the University of Southern California found that breakfast skippers ha

22、ve a bigger chance of gaining weight than those who regularly have a morning meal. So eat something in the morning,anything.I know plenty of friends who end up having no breakfast altogether,and have just coffee or orange juice.I say,try heating up last nights leftovers—it may sound crazy,but if

23、it works for you,do it! I find if I tell myself,“You can always eat it tomorrow,” I put away the leftovers instead of eating more that night.Try it.You may save yourself some prebedtime calories.And watch your body gain the fatburning effects! Ⅰ.根據(jù)所讀短文，寫一篇30詞左右的摘要。 ____________________________

24、____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅱ.根據(jù)短文，選擇最佳答案。 1.The word “l(fā)eftovers” in Paragraph 1 probably means_____________. A.food remaining after a meal B.things left undone C.meals made of vegetables

25、 D.pizza topped with fruit 2.What can we infer from the passage? A.Working women usually have breakfast in a hurry. B.Many people have wrong ideas about breakfast. C.There are some easy ways of cooking a meal. D.Eating vegetables helps save energy. 3.According to the last paragraph,it

26、is important to _____________. A.eat something for breakfast B.be careful about what you eat C.heat up food before eating it D.eat caloriecontrolled food 4.The text is written mainly for those_____________. A.who go to work early B.who want to lose weight C.who stay up late D.who

27、eat before sleep 5.What does the underlined sentence mean? A.Skipping breakfast is helpful if you want to lose weight. B.Eating breakfast will make you fatter. C.Eating breakfast can help lose weight. D.You can,t lose weight without breakfast. 參考答案 一、 1.monthly 2.silent 3.Apol

28、ogetically 4.quietly 5.disappointment 6.Unfortunately 7.thoughtless 8.warmly 9.rejection 10.important 二、 1.解析:母親打算給孩子們買些圣誕禮物。 答案：A 2.解析:由“I had saved ＄120 for presents to share by all five of us.”可知，孩子們彼此詢問對方需要什么樣的禮物，故選B。 答案：B 3.解析:由上下文信息可知，這120美元是用來買“禮物”的，故C正確。 答案：C 4.解析:

29、根據(jù)語境可知“購物的那一天終于到了”，故選A。 答案：A 5.解析:force sb.to do sth.“迫使某人做某事”；remind sb.to do sth.“提醒某人做某事”；invite sb.to do sth.“邀請某人做某事”；beg sb.to do sth.“乞求某人做某事”。根據(jù)語境可知，“我”提醒孩子們留意大約4美元一份的禮物，故選B。 答案：B 6.解析:draw back“收回”;無stay back;move back 返回來；meet相遇，遇見。由語境可知，我們有兩個小時的購物時間，然后我們回來在“Santas Workshop”見面。 答案

30、：D 7.解析:A.including包括……在內(nèi)；B.besides作介詞時等同于including;C.except除……以外（不包括在內(nèi)）等同于but;D.regarding關(guān)于。根據(jù)文意：開車回家時，除了我的小女兒Ginger以外，每個人都處于一種高度興奮的狀態(tài)，Ginger是非比尋常的安靜。 答案：C 8.解析:A.quiet安靜的；B.excited興奮的；C.happy高興的；D.ashamed羞恥的。根據(jù)此整句意思可知選A。 答案：A 9.解析:not...until...直到……才，據(jù)句意可知：我很生氣，但是直到到家我才開始說話。 答案：D 10.解析:根

31、據(jù)語境可知：我把她叫到我的臥室，關(guān)上房門，準備要發(fā)火。ready to do 準備好做某事。be waiting to do等著做某事；be hoping to do 希望做某事；be afraid to do 不敢做某事。 答案：B 11.解析:look out 小心；look over俯瞰；look forward to 盼望；look around四下觀看。根據(jù)語意，故選D。 答案：D 12.解析:forgot to do 忘記要做某事；stop to do 停下來去做某事；fail to do做某事失敗；hate to do不喜歡做某事。根據(jù)語意可知：我正在四下觀望想著買什

32、么，而且我停下來去讀“許愿樹”上的小卡片，故選B。 答案：B 13.解析:圣誕節(jié)她想要的是一個玩具娃娃。all she wanted 她想要的，主語從句。根據(jù)語意可知選A。 答案：A 14.解析:根據(jù)語境，因此我從樹上取下卡片，給她買了玩具娃娃。可知,buy sth.for sb.或buy sb.sth.給某人買某物。 答案：C 15.解析:首尾呼應(yīng)。根據(jù)文章開篇我們得知“我”家境貧寒，但是通過此事，“我”從來也沒感覺像那天那么富有。A.生氣的；B.富有的；C.耐心的；D.苦味的，辛酸的。 答案：B 三、 （一） 1.解析：這個句子的時間狀語為一個寒冷的夜晚，所

33、做的動作為走動(walked)，目的是保暖(to keep warm)，因此憑借我們平時的生活經(jīng)驗得知，人只有在快步走時才會暖和。因此即使推測不出單詞briskly的確切意思，也可以知道它有“快速活動”的意思。 答案：快速地 2.解析：本句前半句的意思是門太矮了。根據(jù)生活經(jīng)驗，不小心會很容易被上面的門框撞到，因此推測lintel為“門框”之意。 答案：門框 3.解析：根據(jù)直接或間接的經(jīng)驗，一般具有一點醫(yī)學常識的人都知道醫(yī)生在給病人動手術(shù)之前，為了減輕病人的痛苦，往往給病人注射麻醉劑使病人失去知覺后再動手術(shù)。根據(jù)這一常識，通過上下文就能比較準確地確定“anaesthetic”一詞的意

34、思應(yīng)該是“麻醉劑”。 答案：麻醉劑 4.解析：根據(jù)上下文分析，如果一個人能連續(xù)工作12個小時，能進行體育鍛煉數(shù)小時而不知疲倦，那么，我們就可以作出符合邏輯的推斷，這個人一定是一個“不知疲倦的”人。將這個詞義代入原句中，很合乎邏輯，那么這種推理很可能是正確的。 答案：不知疲倦的 5．解析：被困在電梯里，一般都會覺得“恐慌、害怕”。 答案：恐慌，害怕 （二） Ⅰ. Many people skip breakfast in order to lose weight,but they may overeat late in the day.So eating breakfast is important. Ⅱ. 1.解析：根據(jù)生活常識可知此處指吃“前一天晚上的剩飯”。 答案：A ２．解析：第二段分析人們不吃早餐的理由。 答案：B ３.解析：第三段第一句和最后一段都告訴人們吃早餐很重要。 答案：A ４.解析：本文指出不吃早餐不僅不能減肥，反而會增加體重，由此可知本文 對不吃早餐的減肥者提出警示和忠告。 答案：B 5.C