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1、對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書P P179179 語(yǔ)法歸納歸納語(yǔ)法歸納語(yǔ)法 分類詳解分類詳解一、不定冠詞的用法1表示人或事物的某一類This is a computer,not a television.這是電腦,不是電視。A car runs faster than a bike.汽車比自行車跑得快。2相當(dāng)于oneGive me a glass of water.給我一杯水。3相當(dāng)于any,every,perA square has four sides.正方形有4條邊。4某一個(gè)A Mr.Smith has called to see you.有位史密斯先生打電話要見你。5表示一種,一場(chǎng)或某次動(dòng)作
2、的一次,一番It was a just war.那是一場(chǎng)正義之戰(zhàn)。6表示引起某種情緒的事Its a pleasure to talk with you.很高興與你交談。7表示性質(zhì)特征等“相同”They are of a height.他們一樣高。二、定冠詞the的用法1特指某人某事(1)這些人或事往往是第二次提到的John bought a TV set and a radio,but he returned the radio the next day.約翰買了一臺(tái)電視和一個(gè)收音機(jī),但次日他就把收音機(jī)退了回去。(2)說話的人和聽話的人之間彼此都了解的事物Open the door,pleas
3、e.請(qǐng)打開門。Could you please pass me the dictionary?請(qǐng)把詞典遞給我好嗎?(3)介詞短語(yǔ)或分詞短語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞前The girl sitting on the grass is from Australia.坐在草地上的女孩來(lái)自澳大利亞。This is the umbrella that I promised to lend you.這就是我答應(yīng)借給你的雨傘。2獨(dú)一無(wú)二的名詞前加theThe earth moves round the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。(the moon,the universe,the sky,the world)3用在
4、發(fā)明物的單數(shù)前The radio was invented in 1915.收音機(jī)是1915年發(fā)明的。4在序數(shù)詞及形容詞最高級(jí)前Sunday is the first day of the week.周日是一周的第一天。Canada is the second largest country in the world.加拿大是世界上第二大國(guó)。5加在姓氏前,表示一家人The Whites are going to visit China next month.懷特一家下月來(lái)中國(guó)參觀。6表示樂器名稱和表示方位的名詞前Child as he was,he played the violin very
5、 well.盡管還是個(gè)小孩,他的小提琴拉得相當(dāng)好。Beijing,the capital,lies in the north of China.首都北京位于中國(guó)北部。7由普通名詞或形容詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前the United Nations聯(lián)合國(guó)the Peoples Republic of China中華人民共和國(guó)the Great Wall長(zhǎng)城8某些專有名詞前the Pacific Ocean太平洋the Times時(shí)代9某些形容詞、過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞前表示一類人the rich the poor the wounded the living the disabled The young s
6、hould show respect for the old.年輕人應(yīng)尊重老年人。10可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前表示一類The panda is a lovely animal.注:表示在原有基礎(chǔ)上再一次時(shí),序數(shù)詞前用aI have been to America three times,and I am going there a fourth time next week.我已去過美國(guó)三次,下周還將再去一次。沒有給出范圍時(shí),most不表示最高級(jí),而相當(dāng)于veryEnglish is a most useful language.英語(yǔ)是一門非常有用的語(yǔ)言。Lesson VI is a most diff
7、icult lesson.It is the most difficult lesson in Book .第六課很難,它是第二冊(cè)書中最難的一課。三、不用冠詞的情況1專有名詞前London is the capital of Britain.倫敦是英國(guó)首都。2表示籠統(tǒng)概念時(shí),物質(zhì)名詞,抽象名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞前,一般不加冠詞Iron is a very useful metal.鐵是有用的金屬。We must combine theory with practice.我們必須理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際。Bill likes dogs,horses and beautiful birds.比爾喜歡狗,馬以及美麗的鳥
8、。3學(xué)科名稱,球類運(yùn)動(dòng),棋類游戲,競(jìng)賽技能等詞前We study politics,mathematics and English.我們學(xué)政治,數(shù)學(xué)和英語(yǔ)。They all like to play basketball.他們都喜歡打籃球。He is good at chess.他棋下得很好。4季節(jié),月份,星期,節(jié)日,一日三餐名詞前Spring has come.春天來(lái)了。School begins in September.九月開學(xué)。We usually have breakfast at seven.我們通常七點(diǎn)吃早飯。October the first is National Day.十
9、月一日是國(guó)慶節(jié)。5可數(shù)名詞前,已有物主代詞,不定代詞,名詞所有格,及kind of,sort of,type of,piece of等作定語(yǔ)時(shí)Our Party is a great party.我們的黨是偉大的黨。No book can teach a language perfectly.光靠書本知識(shí)是學(xué)不好語(yǔ)言的。This is the best kind of typewriter.這是最好的打字機(jī)。There is a piece of bread on the table.桌上有片面包。6名詞作表語(yǔ)或作專有名詞同位語(yǔ),表示某人的頭銜、職位時(shí)She was appointed vicedirector of the state farm.她被任命為農(nóng)場(chǎng)副場(chǎng)長(zhǎng)。He is head of the biology department.他是生物系主任。7描述交通方式時(shí)He came by train他乘火車來(lái)。(air,bus,car,boat,sea.)對(duì)應(yīng)專題對(duì)應(yīng)專題 分類訓(xùn)練分類訓(xùn)練 溫溫示示提提馨馨