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1、Unit 3 Language in useGrammar Focus直接引語與間接引語直接引語與間接引語直接引述別人的原話，叫直接引語；轉直接引述別人的原話，叫直接引語；轉述別人的話，叫間接引語。間接引語在述別人的話，叫間接引語。間接引語在多數情況下構成賓語從句。直接引語一多數情況下構成賓語從句。直接引語一般前后要加引號；間接引語不用加引號。般前后要加引號；間接引語不用加引號。例如：例如：Mr. White said, “Im tired.” (直接引語直接引語) Mr. White said (that) he was tired. (間接引語間接引語) 從以上例句中我們可以看出：從以上例

2、句中我們可以看出：直接引語如果是直接引語如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，要用陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，要用that引導引導(that在口語中常省略在口語中常省略)，從句中人稱、時態(tài)、指示，從句中人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等要作相應的變化代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等要作相應的變化。1. 人稱的變化人稱的變化: 第一人稱變?yōu)榈谌朔Q。第一人稱變?yōu)榈谌朔Q。 I he / she; we they。e.g. Tom said, “I like English very much.” Tom said (that) he liked English very much.2. 時態(tài)的變化時態(tài)的變

3、化 如果主句的謂語是一般過去時如果主句的謂語是一般過去時, 直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，從直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，從 句的謂語動詞在時態(tài)上要有如句的謂語動詞在時態(tài)上要有如 下變化：下變化：直接引語直接引語間接引語間接引語一般現在時一般現在時一般過去時一般過去時現在進行時現在進行時過去進行時過去進行時現在完成時現在完成時過去完成時過去完成時一般過去時一般過去時過去完成時過去完成時過去完成時過去完成時過去完成時過去完成時一般將來時一般將來時過去將來時過去將來時e.g. Jim said, “I want to play football tomorrow.” Jim said (that) he wa

4、nted to play football the next day.注意：注意：直接引語如果表達的是客觀直接引語如果表達的是客觀 真理、諺語或格言，變間接真理、諺語或格言，變間接 引語時，時態(tài)不變。引語時，時態(tài)不變。e.g. My teacher said, “The earth moves around the sun.” My teacher said (that) the earth moves around the sun. 3. 指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等的變化指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等的變化 直接引語直接引語間接引語間接引語指示代詞指示代詞thisthatthesetho

5、se時間狀語時間狀語todaythat daytonightthat nightthis week /monththat week /monthnowthen時間狀語時間狀語yesterdaythe day beforelast week / monththe week /month beforelast week / monthtwo years / four days beforetomorrowthe next daynext week / monththe next week / month地點狀語地點狀語herethere另外：動詞另外：動詞come go注意：上述這些變化，不要機械

6、照注意：上述這些變化，不要機械照搬，而要根據實際情況來定。如：轉搬，而要根據實際情況來定。如：轉述人與說話人在同一地點時，就不必述人與說話人在同一地點時，就不必將將here轉化成轉化成there了。了。【跟蹤練習【跟蹤練習】請根據以上所學知識將下面的直接引請根據以上所學知識將下面的直接引語改為間接引語。語改為間接引語。1. My mother said, “I am very excited to see my friends tomorrow.” _My mother said she was very excited to see her friends the next day.2. “

7、I will come to this party tonight,” he said. _3. “I dont like it at all,” the little girl said. _The little girl said she didnt like it at all. He said he would go to that party that night.4. “I saw this film two weeks ago,” my brother said. _5. Sally said, “The earth is not round.” _6. “I have some

8、thing to say,” I said. _My brother said he had seen that film two weeks before.Sally said that the earth is not round.I said I had something to say.7. Jim said, “Ill never forget that day.” _8. The boy said, “Im reading now.” _The boy said he was reading then.Jim said he would never forget that day.

9、1. Tony said, “Theres a party in the park tonight.” Tony said _ .there was a party in thepark that night2. My sister said, “I have a good time today.”My sister said _ .3. Daming said, “I dont like the singer.” Daming said _.she had a good timethat dayhe didnt like the singer4. My mother said, “Its t

10、ime for school.” My mother said _ _.5. He said, “I can swim.” He said _ .he could swimit was time forschool連詞成句。連詞成句。1. said, was, she, in, Betty, the, then, zoo _ .2. she, to, wanted, see, Lingling, the, film, told, Daming _ .Betty said she was in the zoo thenLingling told Daming she wanted to see the film3. an, it, story, Steve, was, said, interesting _ .4. sister, she, liked, my, reading, said_ .Steve said it was an interesting storyMy sister said she liked reading