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1、第第2課時夾敘夾議類完形填空課時夾敘夾議類完形填空怎么考夾敘夾議類完形填空的特點是：作者先敘述一個事件，然后提出自己的見解或揭示內(nèi)含哲理，或是作者邊敘述邊議論，揭示社會現(xiàn)象等，耐人尋味。此類完形填空考查學(xué)生綜合運用英語的能力，還考查學(xué)生理解全文、把握主旨、甚至文章內(nèi)涵的能力。怎么學(xué)對于夾敘夾議類的完形填空，在平時的閱讀訓(xùn)練中，學(xué)會抓住作者要說明的觀點或要闡述的生活哲理。同時還要把敘和議有機地結(jié)合起來，不可把敘述與議論分割開來，只顧選某個部分的答案，而沒有注意到事件與論點之間的關(guān)系。怎么解1.通讀全文，了解作者敘述的事件或人生經(jīng)歷，把握作者要揭示的真理。2.利用各種完形填空解題策略，理清邏輯，全

2、面驗證。策略二完形填空解題五技巧一、利用原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，尋找近義詞語“詞語同現(xiàn)”，也有人稱之為“詞場”。同現(xiàn)詞之間有同義、反義或相對關(guān)系，或者同類互補關(guān)系等，如differently與in difference；different與same，similar；cruel與friendly；ill與pale，patient，doctor，operation等，根據(jù)此相關(guān)信息確定答案。完形填空試題中，有些詞語常常重復(fù)出現(xiàn)在語篇之中。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)使得語篇中的句子相互銜接和連貫，從而構(gòu)成一個完整和有機的意義整體。在閱讀文章的過程中，有時也會發(fā)現(xiàn)一些與選項意義緊密相連的同義詞或近義詞。因此要學(xué)會充分利用這些詞提供的

3、有效信息進(jìn)行合理地推測判斷，選出正確答案?！镜淅饰觥?.(2016全國卷)43(Yet) they feel they can know you 44(just) from the sound of your voice.Thats how powerful the_45_is.Powerful，yes，but not always 46(accurate).For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone.45.A.telephone B.voice C.connection D.impression答案A由上文中的just from

4、 the sound of your voice和下文中的only by telephone可知，人們可以通過電話了解你。2.(2015四川卷)I carefully extended a long_18_，with a keen eye on those teeth，and 19(before long)，there were times I would have the groundhog sitting next to a rabbit，both munching(津津有味地咀嚼)on carrots.18.A.squirrel B.rabbit C.peanut D.carrot答案D

5、squirrel 松鼠； rabbit 兔子；peanut 花生；carrot 胡蘿卜。根據(jù)下文的both munching(津津有味地咀嚼) on carrots可知選擇D。3.(2015福建卷)Unfortunately，it took a horrible accident to change her 41(attitude).Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash.What made it almost 42(impossible) to deal with was that the day before the _43_，K

6、erry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her 44(choice) of boyfriends，the way she was living，the way she related to her mother，and various other things she felt she needed to 45(express).43.A.occasion B.event C.accident D.adventure答案C根據(jù)上文可知，在這場事故之前，Kerry拜訪了她的朋友。二、利用首句信息，通

7、過“主旨大意”解題在完形填空的解題中，考生對主旨大意的理解十分重要，記敘文中情節(jié)發(fā)展的走向始終體現(xiàn)文章的中心思想。因此，對主旨大意的正確把握有助于考生對文章細(xì)節(jié)的正確理解，特別是對長難句的分析和突破，從而提高解題的正確率?！镜淅饰觥?2014福建卷)From my second grade on，there was one event I feared every year：the piano recital(獨奏演唱會).A recital _36_ I had to practice a boring piece of music and perform before strangers

8、.Each year I 37(would) ask my father if I could skip the recital “just this once”.And each year hed shake his head，muttering(嘀咕) 38(something) about building self-confidence and working towards a 39(goal).36.A.reflected B.explainedC.meant D.proved答案C該段一開頭就提出了作者許久以來一直擔(dān)心的事情是獨奏音樂會，可見“From my second gra

9、de on，there was one event I feared every year：the piano recital.”是主題句。根據(jù)句中的feared可知，獨奏音樂會意味著作者需要演奏令人厭煩無聊的音樂曲目，這個意思需要和該段的首句所表達(dá)的意思保持一致。這樣，聯(lián)系主題句是該題解題的關(guān)鍵所在。三、尋找暗示信息，重視語境意義完形填空主要考查考生對語境的理解。所以考生在做題時要有全局觀念，進(jìn)行連貫性思維，要把每個空白處的含義與前后句的意思聯(lián)系起來理解，進(jìn)行合乎邏輯地推理判斷。難選之處通常前后多有暗示，這種暗示多為后面暗示前面。這種情況多出現(xiàn)在文章展開之后，這時前文已經(jīng)含有豐富的語境信息，

10、設(shè)空和前文有邏輯的或語境的聯(lián)系，這樣空前的信息就成為解題的根據(jù)。解題時一定要善于捕捉這些重要的信息，以達(dá)到解題的目的。【典例剖析】1.(2016全國卷)51(approaching) the vehicle，they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.They told her to stay _52_until the emergency personnel arrived，53(but) she thought the car was going to 54(explode).Larry told her

11、 that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55(in case) she injured her neck.52.A.quiet B.stillC.away D.calm答案B由上一句中的was trying to get out of the broken window和55空之前的“should not move”這一信息詞可以推斷他們告訴這個婦女要保持靜止不動(still)。2.(2014湖北卷)That evening，41(however)，we learned about the canyon 42(

12、winds).They were strong and cold，rocking our little camping truck violently，and we lay _43_ in the dark until the winds died away.43.A.shaking B.quarrelling C.mourning D.aching答案A在完形填空的解題中，運用空前信息解題是最常用的解題方法之一。原文中空前的“They were strong and cold.”說明風(fēng)很大很冷，由此推之，作者家人躺在黑暗里當(dāng)然會因為寒冷而渾身發(fā)抖。四、識別語篇標(biāo)志，理清邏輯關(guān)系語篇與語篇之間

13、往往有表明其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的詞語，這些詞語被稱為“語篇標(biāo)志”。如表示結(jié)構(gòu)層次的語篇標(biāo)志語有firstly，secondly，thirdly，finally等；表示邏輯關(guān)系的語篇標(biāo)志語有thus，therefore，so等；表示改變話題的語篇標(biāo)志語有by the way等；表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的語篇標(biāo)志語有besides，whats more，furthermore等；表示時間關(guān)系的語篇標(biāo)志語有before，so far，yet，meanwhile，later等；表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的語篇標(biāo)志語有but，while，on the other hand，although等。在做完形填空時，如果能充分利用這些語篇標(biāo)志語，

14、就可以迅速理清文章的脈絡(luò)，弄清上下文的關(guān)系?！镜淅饰觥?2013全國卷)For those people，he is “Gloves” Greenberg.How did he get that 38(name)？He looks like any other businessman，wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase(公文箱).But hes _39_.His briefcase always has some gloves.39.A.calm B.different C.crazy D.curious答案B邏輯推理題。前面一句提到他看起來像其他

15、的商人，此處用but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，暗示他和其他商人是不同的(different)。故選B。五、巧用背景常識，簡化判斷過程完形填空命題的基本形式是獨立的語篇，有時滲透著相關(guān)的如文化科學(xué)、歷史地理、風(fēng)俗民情等方面的知識?？忌谧鲱}時，應(yīng)積極地調(diào)動自己的文化背景知識和生活常識，巧妙地加以運用，特別是要注意中西文化的差異?！镜淅饰觥?.(2015北京卷)Dario and his mother loved their new apartment.The living room was large enough for their piano.That night, the two of them _36

16、_ side by side at the piano.36.A.sat B.stood C.lay D.walked答案A此處是指他們兩人肩并肩地坐在鋼琴旁，故選A。2.(2015重慶卷)When Alice was sixteen，I was the one who wanted to run away from home.It was _16_ to see the changes coming over her.She skipped school，and refused to communicate.I tried being firm，but it didnt 17(work).I

17、 saw a dark future for my once sweet daughter.16.A.pleasant B.painful C.unwise D.inspiring 答案B家長看到女兒正在發(fā)生的變化逃學(xué)、拒絕交流自然是非常痛苦的。painful“痛苦的”，符合語境。3.(2013四川卷)When I was just 20 months old，I suffered serious 13(burns) after a bowl full of hot oil fell on my head.I was_14_ to hospital and had to stay there

18、for weeks，while the doctors_15_ to save my life.“Hollys very 16(lucky) to be alive，” they told Mum and Dad.“But shell be 17(left) with scars on her head，and of course her hair wont grow there.”14.A.rushedB.led C.invited D.forced答案A背景常識題。在孩子受傷之后，肯定會被快速送到醫(yī)院去。rush急忙地送(到某地)，符合語境。lead帶領(lǐng)，體現(xiàn)不出急迫程度；invite邀請；force強迫，都不符合語境。故選A。15.A.learned B.fought C.returned D.decided答案B背景常識題。急診病人被送進(jìn)醫(yī)院，醫(yī)生定會竭盡全力搶救。故選B。