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1、Unit 3 Language in use1. 一般過去時的被動語態(tài)一般過去時的被動語態(tài) 如果要表達(dá)發(fā)生在過去的事情或行為的被動語態(tài)，我們該如何表達(dá)呢？請看例句： Liu was encouraged at first to train for the high jump. The Olympic torch relay was not introduced until 1932. Was the cup broken by Tom? Yes, it was./No, it wasnt.When were the Olympic Games founded?（1）一般過去時的被動語態(tài)的各類句

2、式：肯定句主語+was/were+v.-ed（+by.）.否定句主語+was/were not+v.-ed（+by.）.一般疑問句 Was/Were+主語+v.-ed（+by.）?特殊疑問句 特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+v.-ed（+by.）? 如：These new books were published last month. （肯定句）These new books werent published last month. （否定句）Were these new books published last month? （一般疑問句） （2）當(dāng)不定式結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作賓語補(bǔ)足語時，其被

3、動語態(tài)該如何處理呢？請看以下例句： The school encouraged Liu Xiang to train for the high jump. 改為被動語態(tài)： Liu Xiang was encouraged （by the school） to train for the high jump. 可以看出，被動語態(tài)的句子是把主動語態(tài)中的賓語提到了主語的位置，賓語補(bǔ)足語位置不變。這樣的句子往往不會提到動作的執(zhí)行者。 在ask/encourage/tell/allow sb. to do sth.等固定結(jié)構(gòu)中，含有不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，要把主動語態(tài)中的賓語提到句首作主語

4、，賓語補(bǔ)足語的位置不變。如： His parents encouraged him to go abroad for further study.改為被動語態(tài)： He was encouraged to go abroad for further study by his parents. （3）那么，諸如give sb. sth., lend sb. sth.等含雙賓語的結(jié)構(gòu)在被動語態(tài)中又該如何處理呢？ 1）將間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，直接賓語保持不變； 2）將直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，間接賓語前須有介詞（一般是for或to）。如： He gave me a book. 改為被動語態(tài)： I was give

5、n a book by him./ A book was given to me by him. 【注意】在主動語態(tài)中，動詞make, let, see, hear, feel, watch, find, notice等后接不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，后面要加 to。如： I heard him sing in the next room.改為被動語態(tài)： He was heard to sing in the next room. The man makes the boy do his homework.改為被動語態(tài)： The boy is made to do his

6、homework （by the man）. 2. remember的用法的用法 【辨析】remember to do sth.與remember doing sth. （1）remember to do sth.意為“記得去做某事”（指事情還未做過）。如： I must remember to take my notebook with me. 我必須記得把我的筆記本帶著。（表示筆記本還未帶上）. （2）remember doing sth.意為“記得曾做過某事”（指事情已經(jīng)做過）。如： I remember seeing her once somewhere. 我記得在哪里見過她。（表示已

7、經(jīng)見過她了） 【延伸】以下幾個動詞后接to do和doing也具有類似的不同意義： （1）forget doing sth.意為“忘記做過某事”（指事情已做）；forget to do sth.意為“忘記要去做某事”（指事情還未做）。 （2）stop doing sth.意為“停止做某事”；stop to do sth.意為“停下來去做某事”。 （3）try doing sth.意為“試著去做某事”；try to do sth.意為“努力做某事”。【話題呈現(xiàn)話題呈現(xiàn)】 本模塊圍繞“Sports life”展開話題，要求學(xué)生能夠?qū)ν瑢W(xué)們參加體育活動的情況進(jìn)行小結(jié)并發(fā)表簡單評論。能寫一篇短文介紹運

8、動員?！炯丫渌C萃佳句薈萃】 He was invited to competitions around the world. 他被邀請參加世界各地的比賽。 Well go there to cheer for them. 我們將去那里為他們加油。 But he is still a symbol of courage and success, and we continue to take pride in him. 但是他仍然是勇氣和成功的象征，我們依然為他感到自豪。 It is a pity that his foot problem stopped him from completing

9、 the 2012 London Olympic Games. 遺憾的是，腳傷讓他沒能完成2012年的倫敦奧運會。 Its very important for everyone to do sports. 做運動對每個人都很重要。 I feel happy and relaxed after doing sports. 做運動后我感到很高興，心情也放松。 Doing/Taking exercise is a good choice. 進(jìn)行鍛煉是不錯的選擇。 In my opinion, taking exercise is a good way to help us relax. 在我看來，

10、做運動是一種很好地幫助我們放松的方式。 I am good at playing basketball. 我擅長打籃球。 I think its very important for everyone to do sports. 我認(rèn)為進(jìn)行體育活動對每個人都很重要。 Doing sports is not only good for my health but also good for my study. 進(jìn)行體育活動不僅對我的健康有好處，而且有利于我的學(xué)習(xí)。【寫作任務(wù)寫作任務(wù)】 孫楊是中國著名的游泳運動員，請根據(jù)表格內(nèi)的提示，以“My Favourite Sports Star”為題，寫一

11、篇100詞左右的短文。姓名孫楊出生時間1991年12月1日出生地杭州成長經(jīng)歷6歲開始學(xué)游泳，8歲進(jìn)入體校進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)成績及榮譽(yù)2006年進(jìn)入國家游泳隊；2012年倫敦奧運會上取得兩金一銀一銅；2013年世界游泳錦標(biāo)賽獲得三項冠軍，這使得他成為亞洲最佳游泳運動員；2016年里約（Rio）奧運會獲得一金一銅Beginning開篇點題及基本信息（出生日期、出生地）開篇點題及基本信息（出生日期、出生地）Sun Yang is a famous Chinese 1 . He was born in 2 , on 3 1st, 1991. swimmer【寫作指導(dǎo)寫作指導(dǎo)】 這是寫記敘文。要求以時間為線索

12、寫自己喜愛的體育明星，可以用第三人稱，一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時來寫作。 Hangzhou DecembersixBody簡介體育生涯簡介體育生涯4. He began to swim at the age of .5. In 2006, he was chosen into .6. In the 2012 London Olympic Games he won .7. In the 2013 World Swimming Championship, he got .8. He won and a bronze medal in the 2016 Rio Olympic Games.the Nat

13、ional Swimming Teamthree gold medals two gold medalsa gold medal Ending表達(dá)崇拜，向他學(xué)習(xí)表達(dá)崇拜，向他學(xué)習(xí)His. encourages me. From him, I know. and I will learn 9 him. Im 10 of him.from proud 【自主創(chuàng)作自主創(chuàng)作】 【范文展示范文展示】 My Favourite Sports Star Sun Yang, a swimmer, was born in Hangzhou, on December 1st, 1991. He began to

14、swim at the age of six. In 2006, he was chosen into the National Swimming Team. He trained very hard and made great achievements in many national and international events. In the 2012 London Olympic Games he won two gold medals, one silver medal and a bronze medal. In the 2013 World Swimming Champio

15、nship, he got three gold medals. This made him The Best Asian Swimmer. He won a gold medal and a bronze medal in the 2016 Rio Olympic Games. He is considered to be one of the most successful swimmers. He is so wonderful a player that we are proud of him. His hard work and shining achievements encourage me. I will learn from him.【升格點撥】 本文要點齊全，條理清晰，從年份及獲得的獎項描述人物，使文章緊湊，并運用了at the age of, learn from等短語，使人物形象豐滿，可讀性強(qiáng)。最后作者發(fā)表了自己的看法，使文章更充實。